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Mongolia
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| Characters If shown, 2nd row is Simp. Chinese |
Pronunciation Romanization |
Simple Dictionary Definition |
蒙古 see styles |
měng gǔ meng3 gu3 meng ku mouko / moko もうこ |
More info & calligraphy: Mongolia(1) Mongolia (region); Greater Mongolia; Mongolian Plateau; (2) (hist) Mongols (nomadic tribe); (place-name) Mongolia Mongolia, Mongol. |
召 see styles |
zhào zhao4 chao jō |
to call together; to summon; to convene; temple or monastery (used in place names in Inner Mongolia) To summon, call. |
旗 see styles |
qí qi2 ch`i chi hata はた |
banner; flag; (in Qing times) Manchu (cf. 八旗[Ba1 qi2]); administrative subdivision in inner Mongolia equivalent to 縣|县[xian4] county; CL:面[mian4] flag; (surname) Hata |
盟 see styles |
méng meng2 meng mei / me めい |
oath; pledge; union; to ally; league, a subdivision corresponding to prefecture in Inner Mongolia (1) (obsolete) (See 盟を結ぶ) alliance; (n,n-suf) (2) aimag; league; administrative subdivision in Mongolia and Inner Mongolia; (female given name) Mei |
蒙 see styles |
méng meng2 meng mou / mo もう |
to cover; ignorant; to suffer (misfortune); to receive (a favor); to cheat (1) ignorance; (2) covering; concealing; (3) (abbreviation) (See 蒙古・1) Mongolia; (surname, given name) Meng To cover; stupid, ignorant; receive (from above); Mongol. |
二連 二连 see styles |
èr lián er4 lian2 erh lien niren にれん |
Erlian Basin in Inner Mongolia (can be adjective with の) bipartite; in two parts; double; (place-name) Niren |
内蒙 see styles |
naimou / naimo ないもう |
Inner Mongolia |
喇嘛 see styles |
lǎ ma la3 ma5 la ma rama らま |
lama, spiritual teacher in Tibetan Buddhism (ateji / phonetic) (kana only) lama (tib: bla-ma) Lama, the Lamaistic form of Buddhism found chiefly in Tibet, and Mongolia, and the smaller Himālayan States. In Tibet it is divided into two schools, the older one wearing red robes, the later, which was founded by Tson-kha-pa in the fifteenth century, wearing yellow; its chiefs are the Dalai Lama and the Panchen Lama, respectively. |
外蒙 see styles |
wài měng wai4 meng3 wai meng |
Outer Mongolia (abbr. for 外蒙古[Wai4 Meng3 gu3]) |
大乘 see styles |
dà shèng da4 sheng4 ta sheng oonori おおのり |
Mahayana, the Great Vehicle; Buddhism based on the Mayahana sutras, as spread to Central Asia, China and beyond; also pr. [Da4 cheng2] (surname) Oonori Mahāyāna; also called 上乘; 妙乘; 勝乘; 無上乘; 無上上乘; 不惡乘; 無等乘, 無等等乘; 摩訶衍 The great yāna, wain, or conveyance, or the greater vehicle in comparison with the 小乘 Hīnayāna. It indicates universalism, or Salvation for all, for all are Buddha and will attain bodhi. It is the form of Buddhism prevalent in Tibet, Mongolia, China, Korea, Japan, and in other places in the Far East. It is also called Northern Buddhism. It is interpreted as 大教 the greater teaching as compared with 小教 the smaller, or inferior. Hīnayāna, which is undoubtedly nearer to the original teaching of the Buddha, is unfairly described as an endeavour to seek nirvana through an ash-covered body, an extinguished intellect, and solitariness; its followers are sravakas and pratyekabuddhas (i.e. those who are striving for their own deliverance through ascetic works). Mahāyāna, on the other hand, is described as seeking to find and extend all knowledge, and, in certain schools, to lead all to Buddhahood. It has a conception of an Eternal Buddha, or Buddhahood as Eternal (Adi-Buddha), but its especial doctrines are, inter alia, (a) the bodhisattvas 菩薩 , i.e. beings who deny themselves final Nirvana until, according to their vows, they have first saved all the living; (b) salvation by faith in, or invocation of the Buddhas or bodhisattvas; (c) Paradise as a nirvana of bliss in the company of Buddhas, bodhisattvas, saints, and believers. Hīnayāna is sometimes described as 自利 self-benefiting, and Mahāyāna as 自利利他 self-benefit for the benefit of others, unlimited altruism and pity being the theory of Mahāyāna. There is a further division into one-yana and three-yanas: the trīyāna may be śrāvaka, pratyeka-buddha, and bodhisattva, represented by a goat, deer, or bullock cart; the one-yāna is that represented by the Lotus School as the one doctrine of the Buddha, which had been variously taught by him according to the capacity of his hearers, v. 方便. Though Mahāyāna tendencies are seen in later forms of the older Buddhism, the foundation of Mahāyāna has been attributed to Nāgārjuna 龍樹. "The characteristics of this system are an excess of transcendental speculation tending to abstract nihilism, and the substitution of fanciful degrees of meditation and contemplation (v. Samādhi and Dhyāna) in place of the practical asceticism of the Hīnayāna school."[Eitel 68-9.] Two of its foundation books are the 起信論and the 妙法蓮華經 but a larnge numberof Mahāyāna sutras are ascribed to the Buddha。. |
奈曼 see styles |
nài màn nai4 man4 nai man |
Naiman banner or Naiman khoshuu in Tongliao 通遼|通辽[Tong1 liao2], Inner Mongolia |
庫倫 库伦 see styles |
kù lún ku4 lun2 k`u lun ku lun kuurun / kurun クールン |
enclosed pasture (Mongolian loanword) (place-name) Ulan Bator K'urun, Urga, the Lamaistic center in Mongolia, the sacred city. |
敖漢 敖汉 see styles |
áo hàn ao2 han4 ao han |
Aohan banner or Aokhan khoshuu in Chifeng 赤峰[Chi4 feng1], Inner Mongolia |
杭錦 杭锦 see styles |
háng jǐn hang2 jin3 hang chin |
Hanggin banner, Mongolian Xanggin khoshuu, in Ordos prefecture 鄂爾多斯|鄂尔多斯[E4 er3 duo1 si1], Inner Mongolia |
歸綏 归绥 see styles |
guī suí gui1 sui2 kuei sui |
old name for Hohhot city 呼和浩特[Hu1 he2 hao4 te4], Inner Mongolia |
満蒙 see styles |
mamou / mamo まもう |
Manchuria and Inner Mongolia; (place-name) Mamou |
漠北 see styles |
mò běi mo4 bei3 mo pei |
Outer Mongolia (lit. north of the Gobi Desert) |
漠南 see styles |
mò nán mo4 nan2 mo nan |
Inner Mongolia (lit. south of the Gobi Desert) |
烏審 乌审 see styles |
wū shěn wu1 shen3 wu shen |
Uxin or Wushen banner in southwest Ordos prefecture 鄂爾多斯|鄂尔多斯[E4 er3 duo1 si1], Inner Mongolia |
熱河 热河 see styles |
rè hé re4 he2 je ho nekka ねっか |
Rehe, Qing dynasty province abolished in 1955 and divided among Hebei, Liaoning and Inner Mongolia; refers to the Qing imperial resort at Chengde; see also 避暑山莊|避暑山庄[bi4 shu3 shan1 zhuang1] (history) (place-name) Nekka |
瓦剌 see styles |
wǎ là wa3 la4 wa la |
Oirat Mongols (alliance of tribes of Western Mongolia) (Ming Dynasty term) |
篤進 笃进 see styles |
dǔ jìn du3 jin4 tu chin Tokushin |
Toksun, 'a city in Mongolia.' Eitel. |
綏遠 绥远 see styles |
suí yuǎn sui2 yuan3 sui yüan |
old name for district of Hohhot city 呼和浩特[Hu1 he2 hao4 te4], Inner Mongolia |
蘇木 苏木 see styles |
sū mù su1 mu4 su mu sonogi そのぎ |
sappan wood (Caesalpinia sappan), used in Chinese medicine; administrative subdivision of banner 旗 (county) in Inner Mongolia (Mongol: arrow) (See 花蘇芳) dried Chinese redbud (as used in Chinese medicine); (surname) Sonogi |
遼河 辽河 see styles |
liáo hé liao2 he2 liao ho ryouga / ryoga りょうが |
Liao River of northeast China, passing through Inner Mongolia, Hebei, Jilin and Liaoning (personal name) Ryōga |
阿盟 see styles |
ā méng a1 meng2 a meng |
Alxa League, a prefecture-level subdivision of Inner Mongolia (abbr. for 阿拉善盟[A1 la1 shan4 Meng2]) |
陰山 阴山 see styles |
yīn shān yin1 shan1 yin shan hiyama ひやま |
Yin mountains in Inner Mongolia (surname) Hiyama |
黃教 黄教 see styles |
huáng jiào huang2 jiao4 huang chiao Kōkyō |
Yellow hat or Gelugpa school of Tibetan Buddhism; also written 格魯派|格鲁派[Ge2 lu3 pai4] 黃帽教 The yellow sect of Lamaism, founded in 1417 by 宗喀巴 Tsoṅ-kha-pa, Sumatikīrti, who overthrew the decadent sect, which wears red robes, and established the sect that wears yellow, and which at first was: noted for the austere life of the monks; it is found chiefly in Tibet, Mongolia, and Ili. |
はるか see styles |
baruga バルガ |
(place-name) Barga (Mongolia); Valga |
ホブド see styles |
hobudo ホブド |
(place-name) Xobd (Mongolia) |
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The following table may be helpful for those studying Chinese or Japanese...
| Title | Characters | Romaji (Romanized Japanese) | Various forms of Romanized Chinese | |
| Mongolia | 蒙古 | mouko / moko | měng gǔ / meng3 gu3 / meng gu / menggu | meng ku / mengku |
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