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Rose Flowers Given, Frangrance Remains on Hands of Giver

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zèng rén méi guī shǒu liú yú xiāng

Rose Flowers Given, Frangrance Remains on Hands of Giver Scroll

赠人玫瑰手留余香 is a proverb that has been translated several ways:

1. Roses given, fragrance in hand.

2. You present others roses, and the fragrance remains.

3. The fragrance of the rose always remains on the hand of those that bestow them.

4. A little bit of fragrance always clings to the hands which gives the flowers

However, this literally translates as “Give someone rose flowers, [your] hands keep [the] remaining fragrance.”

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Characters If shown, 2nd row is Simp. Chinese	Pronunciation Romanization	Simple Dictionary Definition
禪禅 see styles	shàn shan4 shan yuzuri ゆずり	More info & calligraphy: Zen / Chan / Meditation to abdicate (out-dated kanji) (1) (Buddhist term) dhyana (profound meditation); (2) (abbreviation) Zen (Buddhism); (surname) Yuzuri To level a place for an altar, to sacrifice to the hills and fountains; to abdicate. Adopted by Buddhists for dhyāna, 禪 or 禪那, i.e. meditation, abstraction, trance. dhyāna is 'meditation, thought, reflection, especially profound and abstract religious contemplation'. M.W. It was intp. as 'getting rid of evil', etc., later as 靜慮 quiet meditation. It is a form of 定, but that word is more closely allied with samādhi, cf. 禪定. The term also connotes Buddhism and Buddhist things in general, but has special application to the 禪宗 q.v. It is one of the six pāramitās, cf. 波. There are numerous methods and subjects of meditation. The eighteen brahmalokas are divided into four dhyāna regions 'corresponding to certain frames of mind where individuals might be reborn in strict accordance with their spiritual state'. The first three are the first dhyāna, the second three the second dhyāna, the third three the third dhyāna, and the remaining nine the fourth dhyāna. See Eitel. According to Childers' Pali Dictionary, 'The four jhānas are four stages of mystic meditation, whereby the believer's mind is purged from all earthly emotions, and detached as it were from his body, which remains plunged in a profound trance.' Seated cross-legged, the practiser 'concentrates his mind upon a single thought. Gradually his soul becomes filled with a supernatural ecstasy and serenity', his mind still reasoning: this is the first jhāna. Concentrating his mind on the same subject, he frees it from reasoning, the ecstasy and serenity remaining, which is the second jhāna. Then he divests himself of ecstasy, reaching the third stage of serenity. Lastly, in the fourth stage the mind becomes indifferent to all emotions, being exalted above them and purified. There are differences in the Mahāyāna methods, but similarity of aim.
鬼 see styles	guǐ gui3 kuei oni(p); ki おに(P); き	More info & calligraphy: Ghost Demon disembodied spirit; ghost; devil; (suffix) person with a certain vice or addiction etc; sly; crafty; resourceful (variant of 詭\|诡[gui3]); one of the 28 constellations of ancient Chinese astronomy (1) ogre; demon; oni; (2) (See 亡魂) spirit of a deceased person; (3) (おに only) ogre-like person (i.e. fierce, relentless, merciless, etc.); (4) (おに only) (See 鬼ごっこ・おにごっこ) it (in a game of tag, hide-and-seek, etc.); (5) (き only) {astron} (See 二十八宿,朱雀・すざく・2) Chinese "ghost" constellation (one of the 28 mansions); (prefix) (6) (おに only) (slang) (See 超・1) very; extremely; super-; (surname) Miniwa preta 薜荔多, departed, dead; a disembodied spirit, dead person, ghost; a demon, evil being; especially a 餓鬼 hungry ghost. They are of many kinds. The Fan-i ming i classifies them as poor, medium, and rich; each again thrice subdivided: (1) (a) with mouths like burning torches; (b) throats no bigger than needles; (c) vile breath, disgusting to themselves; (2) (a) needle-haired, self-piercing; (b) hair sharp and stinking; (c) having great wens on whose pus they must feed. (3) (a) living on the remains of sacrifices; (b) on leavings in general; (c) powerful ones, yakṣas, rākṣasas, piśācas, etc. All belong to the realm of Yama, whence they are sent everywhere, consequently are ubiquitous in every house, lane, market, mound, stream, tree, etc.
古里 see styles	furuzato ふるざと	More info & calligraphy: Kori (1) (kana only) home town; birthplace; native place; one's old home; (2) (archaism) ruins; historic remains; (surname) Furuzato
菩薩菩萨 see styles	pú sà pu2 sa4 p`u sa pu sa bosatsu(p); bosachi(ok) ぼさつ(P); ぼさち(ok)	More info & calligraphy: Bodhisattva Bodhisattva (Buddhism) (n,n-suf) (1) {Buddh} bodhisattva; one who has reached enlightenment but vows to save all beings before becoming a buddha; (n,n-suf) (2) High Monk (title bestowed by the imperial court); (n,n-suf) (3) (See 本地垂迹説) title bestowed to Shinto kami in manifestation theory; (surname) Mizoro bodhisattva, cf. 菩提薩埵. While the idea is not foreign to Hīnayāna, its extension of meaning is one of the chief marks of Mahāyāna. 'The Bodhisattva is indeed the characteristic feature of the Mahāyāna.' Keith. According to Mahāyāna the Hinayanists, i.e. the śrāvaka and pratyekabuddha, seek their own salvation, while the bodhisattva's aim is the salvation of others and of all. The earlier intp. of bodhisattva was 大道心衆生 all beings with mind for the truth; later it became 大覺有情 conscious beings of or for the great intelligence, or enlightenment. It is also intp. in terms of leadership, heroism, etc. In general it is a Mahayanist seeking Buddhahood, but seeking it altruistically; whether monk or layman, he seeks enlightenment to enlighten others, and he will sacrifice himself to save others; he is devoid of egoism and devoted to helping others. All conscious beings having the Buddha-nature are natural bodhisattvas, but require to undergo development. The mahāsattva is sufficiently advanced to become a Buddha and enter nirvāṇa, but according to his vow he remains in the realm of incarnation to save all conscious beings. A monk should enter on the arduous course of discipline which leads to Bodhisattvahood and Buddhahood.
址 see styles	zhǐ zhi3 chih ato あと	址 Custom Scroll (bound form) site; location (1) trace; tracks; mark; sign; (2) site; remains; ruins; (3) scar
塔 see styles	tǎ ta3 t`a ta tou / to とう	塔 Custom Scroll pagoda; tower; minaret; stupa (abbr. loanword from Sanskrit tapo); CL:座[zuo4] (n,n-suf) (1) tower; steeple; spire; (2) (abbreviation) (original meaning) (See 卒塔婆・1,塔婆・1) stupa; pagoda; dagoba; (surname) Tousaki stūpa; tope; a tumulus, or mound, for the bones, or remains of the dead, or for other sacred relics, especially of the Buddha, whether relics of the body or the mind, e.g. bones or scriptures. As the body is supposed to consist of 84,000 atoms, Aśoka is said to have built 84,000 stūpas to preserve relics of Śākyamuni. Pagodas, dagobas, or towers with an odd number of stories are used in China for the purpose of controlling the geomantic influences of a neighbourbood. Also 塔婆; 兜婆; 偸婆; 藪斗波; 窣堵波; 率都婆; 素覩波; 私鍮簸, etc. The stūpas erected over relics of the Buddha vary from the four at his birthplace, the scene of his enlightenment, of his first sermon, and of his death, to the 84,000 accredited to Aśoka.
炭 see styles	tàn tan4 t`an tan sumi すみ	炭 Custom Scroll wood charcoal; coal (1) charcoal; (2) (rare) charred remains; (surname) Tan Charcoal, coal.
迹 see styles	jì ji4 chi shaku あと	迹 Custom Scroll variant of 跡\|迹[ji4] (1) trace; tracks; mark; sign; (2) site; remains; ruins; (3) scar Traces, footsteps; external evidences or indications.
餕馂 see styles	jun jun4 chün	餕 Custom Scroll remains of a sacrifice or a meal
餘馀 see styles	yú yu2 yü yuu / yu ゆう	餘 Custom Scroll variant of 餘\|余[yu2], remainder (surname) Yū Remains, remainder, the rest, the other; surplus.
五觀五观 see styles	wǔ guān wu3 guan1 wu kuan gokan	五觀 Custom Scroll The five meditations referred to in the Lotus Sutra 25: (1) 眞 on the true, idem 空觀, to meditate on the reality of the void or infinite, in order to be rid of illusion in views and thoughts; (2) 淸淨觀 on purity, to be rid of any remains of impurity connected with the temporal, idem 假觀; (3) 廣大智慧觀 on the wider and greater wisdom, idem 中觀, by study of the 'middle' way; (4) 悲觀 on pitifulness, or the pitiable condition of the living, and by the above three to meditate on their salvation; (5) 慈觀 on mercy and the extension of the first three meditations to the carrying of joy to all the living.
亡骸 see styles	nakigara なきがら	亡骸 Custom Scroll remains; corpse; (dead) body
余り see styles	anmari あんまり amari あまり	余り Custom Scroll (adj-na,adv,adj-no,n,n-suf) (1) (kana only) remainder; rest; balance; remains; scraps; residue; remnant; (adverb) (2) (kana only) not very (with negative sentence); not much; (adv,adj-no) (3) (kana only) surplus; excess; fullness; too much; (suffix noun) (4) more than; over
佛性 see styles	fó xìng fo2 xing4 fo hsing butsushou / butsusho ぶつしょう	佛性 Custom Scroll Buddha nature (surname) Butsushou buddhatā. The Buddha-nature, i.e. gnosis, enlightenment; potential bodhi remains in every gati, i.e. all have the capacity for enlightenment; for the Buddha-nature remains in all as wheat-nature remains in all wheat. This nature takes two forms: 理 noumenal, in the absolute sense, unproduced and immortal, and 行 phenomenal, in action. While every one possesses the Buddha-nature, it requires to be cultivated in order to produce its ripe fruit.
信士 see styles	xìn shì xin4 shi4 hsin shih shinji; shinshi しんじ; しんし	信士 Custom Scroll (1) {Buddh} male lay devotee; (suffix) (2) (title affixed to man's posthumous Buddhist name) (See 信女・2) believer; (3) (しんし only) (archaism) believer; (personal name) Shinji upāsaka, 信事男 a male devotee, who remains in the world as a lay disciple. A bestower of alms. Cf. 優.
信女 see styles	xìn nǚ xin4 nv3 hsin nü shinnyo しんにょ	信女 Custom Scroll (1) {Buddh} female lay devotee; (suffix) (2) (title affixed to woman's posthumous Buddhist name) believer; (given name) Nobujo upāsikā. A female devotee, who remains at home. Cf. 優.
収骨 see styles	shuukotsu / shukotsu しゅうこつ	収骨 Custom Scroll (n,vs,vt,vi) (1) collecting bones and remains (e.g. on a battlefield); (n,vs,vt,vi) (2) putting cremated remains in an urn
古跡古迹 see styles	gǔ jì gu3 ji4 ku chi koseki こせき	古跡 Custom Scroll places of historic interest; historical sites; CL:個\|个[ge4] historic spot; historic remains; ruins; (surname) Koseki
古蹟古迹 see styles	gǔ jì gu3 ji4 ku chi koseki こせき	古蹟 Custom Scroll places of historic interest; historical sites; CL:個\|个[ge4] historic spot; historic remains; ruins
史跡 see styles	shiseki しせき	史跡 Custom Scroll historic landmark; historic site; historic remains
史蹟 see styles	shiseki しせき	史蹟 Custom Scroll historic landmark; historic site; historic remains
名残 see styles	nagori なごり	名残 Custom Scroll (1) remains; traces; vestiges; relics; (2) (the sorrow of) parting; (3) end; (f,p) Nagori
名表 see styles	naomote なおもて	名表 Custom Scroll (See 名残) remains; traces; vestiges; memory
四禪四禅 see styles	sì chán si4 chan2 ssu ch`an ssu chan shizen	四禪 Custom Scroll (四禪天) The four dhyāna heavens, 四靜慮 (四靜慮天), i. e. the division of the eighteen brahmalokas into four dhyānas: the disciple attains to one of these heavens according to the dhyāna he observes: (1) 初禪天 The first region, 'as large as one whole universe' comprises the three heavens, Brahma-pāriṣadya, Brahma-purohita, and Mahābrahma, 梵輔, 梵衆, and 大梵天; the inhabitants are without gustatory or olfactory organs, not needing food, but possess the other four of the six organs. (2) 二禪天 The second region, equal to 'a small chiliocosmos' 小千界, comprises the three heavens, according to Eitel, 'Parīttābha, Apramāṇābha, and Ābhāsvara, ' i. e. 少光 minor light, 無量光 infinite light, and 極光淨 utmost light purity; the inhabitants have ceased to require the five physical organs, possessing only the organ of mind. (3) 三禪天 The third region, equal to 'a middling chiliocosmos '中千界, comprises three heavens; Eitel gives them as Parīttaśubha, Apramāṇaśubha, and Śubhakṛtsna, i. e. 少淨 minor purity, 無量淨 infinite purity, and 徧淨 universal purity; the inhabitants still have the organ of mind and are receptive of great joy. (4) 四禪天 The fourth region, equal to a great chiliocosmos, 大千界, comprises the remaining nine brahmalokas, namely, Puṇyaprasava, Anabhraka, Bṛhatphala, Asañjñisattva, Avṛha, Atapa, Sudṛśa, Sudarśana, and Akaniṣṭha (Eitel). The Chinese titles are 福生 felicitous birth, 無雲 cloudless, 廣果 large fruitage, 無煩 no vexations, atapa is 無熱 no heat, sudṛśa is 善見 beautiful to see, sudarśana is 善現 beautiful appearing, two others are 色究竟 the end of form, and 無想天 the heaven above thought, but it is difficult to trace avṛha and akaniṣṭha; the inhabitants of this fourth region still have mind. The number of the dhyāna heavens differs; the Sarvāstivādins say 16, the 經 or Sutra school 17, and the Sthavirāḥ school 18. Eitel points out that the first dhyāna has one world with one moon, one mem, four continents, and six devalokas; the second dhyāna has 1, 000 times the worlds of the first; the third has 1, 000 times the worlds of the second; the fourth dhyāna has 1, 000 times those of the third. Within a kalpa of destruction 壞劫 the first is destroyed fifty-six times by fire, the second seven by water, the third once by wind, the fourth 'corresponding to a state of absolute indifference' remains 'untouched' by all the other evolutions; when 'fate (天命) comes to an end then the fourth dhyāna may come to an end too, but not sooner'.
堅住坚住 see styles	jiān zhù jian1 zhu4 chien chu kenjū	堅住 Custom Scroll firmly remains
增悲 see styles	zēng bēi zeng1 bei1 tseng pei zōhi	增悲 Custom Scroll Augmented pity of a bodhisattva, who remains to save, though his 增智 advanced knowledge would justify his withdrawal to nirvāṇa.
壕跡 see styles	gouato; horiato / goato; horiato ごうあと; ほりあと	壕跡 Custom Scroll remains of a dugout (usu. military)
守節守节 see styles	shǒu jié shou3 jie2 shou chieh	守節 Custom Scroll faithful (to the memory of betrothed); constant (of widow who remains unmarried)
小乘 see styles	xiǎo shèng xiao3 sheng4 hsiao sheng shōjō	小乘 Custom Scroll Hinayana, the Lesser Vehicle; Buddhism in India before the Mayahana sutras; also pr. [Xiao3 cheng2] Hīnayāna 希那衍. The small, or inferior wain, or vehicle; the form of Buddhism which developed after Śākyamuni's death to about the beginning of the Christian era, when Mahāyāna doctrines were introduced. It is the orthodox school and more in direct line with the Buddhist succession than Mahāyānism which developed on lines fundamentally different. The Buddha was a spiritual doctor, less interested in philosophy than in the remedy for human misery and perpetual transmigration. He "turned aside from idle metaphysical speculations; if he held views on such topics, he deemed them valueless for the purposes of salvation, which was his goal" (Keith). Metaphysical speculations arose after his death, and naturally developed into a variety of Hīnayāna schools before and after the separation of a distinct school of Mahāyāna. Hīnayāna remains the form in Ceylon, Burma, and Siam, hence is known as Southern Buddhism in contrast with Northern Buddhism or Mahāyāna, the form chiefly prevalent from Nepal to Japan. Another rough division is that of Pali and Sanskrit, Pali being the general literary language of the surviving form of Hīnayāna, Sanskrit of Mahāyāna. The term Hīnayāna is of Mahāyānist origination to emphasize the universalism and altruism of Mahāyāna over the narrower personal salvation of its rival. According to Mahāyāna teaching its own aim is universal Buddhahood, which means the utmost development of wisdom and the perfect transformation of all the living in the future state; it declares that Hīnayāna, aiming at arhatship and pratyekabuddhahood, seeks the destruction of body and mind and extinction in nirvāṇa. For arhatship the 四諦Four Noble Truths are the foundation teaching, for pratyekabuddhahood the 十二因緣 twelve-nidānas, and these two are therefore sometimes styled the two vehicles 二乘. Tiantai sometimes calls them the (Hīnayāna) Tripiṭaka school. Three of the eighteen Hīnayāna schools were transported to China: 倶舍 (Abhidharma) Kośa; 成實 Satya-siddhi; and the school of Harivarman, the律 Vinaya school. These are described by Mahāyānists as the Buddha's adaptable way of meeting the questions and capacity of his hearers, though his own mind is spoken of as always being in the absolute Mahāyāna all-embracing realm. Such　is the Mahāyāna view of Hīnayāna, and if the Vaipulya sūtras and special scriptures of their school, which are repudiated by Hīnayāna, are apocryphal, of which there seems no doubt, then Mahāyāna in condemning Hīnayāna must find other support for its claim to orthodoxy. The sūtras on which it chiefly relies, as regards the Buddha, have no authenticity; while those of Hīnayāna cannot be accepted as his veritable teaching in the absence of fundamental research. Hīnayāna is said to have first been divided into minority and majority sections immediately after the death of Śākyamuni, when the sthāvira, or older disciples, remained in what is spoken of as "the cave", some place at Rājagṛha, to settle the future of the order, and the general body of disciples remained outside; these two are the first 上坐部 and 大衆部 q. v. The first doctrinal division is reported to have taken place under the leadership of the monk 大天 Mahādeva (q.v.) a hundred years after the Buddha's nirvāṇa and during the reign of Aśoka; his reign, however, has been placed later than this by historians. Mahādeva's sect became the Mahāsāṅghikā, the other the Sthāvira. In time the two are said to have divided into eighteen, which with the two originals are the so-called "twenty sects" of Hīnayāna. Another division of four sects, referred to by Yijing, is that of the 大衆部 (Arya) Mahāsaṅghanikāya, 上座部 Āryasthavirāḥ, 根本說一切有部 Mūlasarvāstivādaḥ, and 正量部 Saṃmatīyāḥ. There is still another division of five sects, 五部律. For the eighteen Hīnayāna sects see 小乘十八部.
尚在 see styles	shàng zài shang4 zai4 shang tsai shōzai	尚在 Custom Scroll still remains

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The following table may be helpful for those studying Chinese or Japanese...

Title	Characters	Romaji (Romanized Japanese)	Various forms of Romanized Chinese
Rose Flowers Given, Frangrance Remains on Hands of Giver	贈人玫瑰手留余香赠人玫瑰手留余香		zèng rén méi guī shǒu liú yú xiāng zeng4 ren2 mei2 gui1 shou3 liu2 yu2 xiang1 zeng ren mei gui shou liu yu xiang	tseng jen mei kuei shou liu yü hsiang
In some entries above you will see that characters have different versions above and below a line. In these cases, the characters above the line are Traditional Chinese, while the ones below are Simplified Chinese.

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Rose Flowers Given, Frangrance Remains on Hands of Giver

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