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Simple Dictionary Definition |
佛 see styles |
fú fu2 fu hotoke ほとけ |
More info & calligraphy: Buddhism / Buddha(surname) Hotoke Buddha, from budh to "be aware of", "conceive", "observe", "wake"; also 佛陀; 浮圖; 浮陀; 浮頭; 浮塔; 勃陀; 勃馱; 沒馱; 母馱; 母陀; 部陀; 休屠. Buddha means "completely conscious, enlightened", and came to mean the enlightener. he Chinese translation is 覺 to perceive, aware, awake; and 智 gnosis, knowledge. There is an Eternal Buddha, see e.g. the Lotus Sutra, cap. 16, and multitudes of Buddhas, but the personality of a Supreme Buddha, an Ādi-Buddha, is not defined. Buddha is in and through all things, and some schools are definitely Pan-Buddhist in the pantheistic sense. In the triratna 三寳 commonly known as 三寳佛, while Śākyamuni Buddha is the first "person" of the Trinity, his Law the second, and the Order the third, all three by some are accounted as manifestations of the All-Buddha. As Śākyamuni, the title indicates him as the last of the line of Buddhas who have appeared in this world, Maitreya is to be the next. As such he is the one who has achieved enlightenment, having discovered the essential evil of existence (some say mundane existence, others all existence), and the way of deliverance from the constant round of reincarnations; this way is through the moral life into nirvana, by means of self-abnegation, the monastic life, and meditation. By this method a Buddha, or enlightened one, himself obtains Supreme Enlightenment, or Omniscience, and according to Māhāyanism leads all beings into the same enlightenment. He sees things not as they seem in their phenomenal but in their noumenal aspects, as they really are. The term is also applied to those who understand the chain of causality (twelve nidānas) and have attained enlightenment surpassing that of the arhat. Four types of the Buddha are referred to: (1) 三藏佛the Buddha of the Tripiṭaka who attained enlightenment on the bare ground under the bodhi-tree; (2) 通佛the Buddha on the deva robe under the bodhi-tree of the seven precious things; (3) 別佛the Buddha on the great precious Lotus throne under the Lotus realm bodhi-tree; and (4) 圓佛the Buddha on the throne of Space in the realm of eternal rest and glory where he is Vairocana. The Hīnayāna only admits the existence of one Buddha at a time; Mahāyāna claims the existence of many Buddhas at one and the same time, as many Buddhas as there are Buddha-universes, which are infinite in number. |
壇 坛 see styles |
tán tan2 t`an tan mayumi まゆみ |
More info & calligraphy: Mandala / Altar(1) platform; podium; rostrum; pulpit; (2) (ceremonial) mound; (suffix noun) (3) world (of haiku, art, etc.); (literary) circles; (4) (archaism) mandala; (given name) Mayumi An altar; an open altar. In the esoteric cult it also means a maṇḍala, objects of worship grouped together. |
妙 see styles |
miào miao4 miao myou / myo みょう |
More info & calligraphy: Clever / Superb / Wonderful(noun or adjectival noun) (1) strange; weird; odd; curious; (noun or adjectival noun) (2) wonder; mystery; miracle; excellence; (noun or adjectival noun) (3) cleverness; adroitness; knack; skill; (surname) Myō su, sat, mañju, sūkṣma. Wonderful, beautiful, mystic, supernatural, profound, subtle, mysterious. su means good, excellent, surpassing, beautiful, fine, easy. sat means existing, real, good. mañju means beautiful, lovely, charming. Intp. in Chinese as 不可思議 beyond thought or discussion; 絕待 special, outstanding; 無比 incomparable; 精微深遠 subtle and profound. |
意 see styles |
yì yi4 i kokoro こころ |
More info & calligraphy: Idea / Thought / Meaning(1) feelings; thoughts; (2) meaning; (personal name) Kokoro Manas, the sixth of the ṣaḍāyatanas or six means of perception, i.e. sight, hearing, smell, taste, touch, and mind. Manas means "mind (in its widest sense as applied to all the mental powers), intellect, intelligence, understanding, perception, sense, conscience, will". M.W. It is "the intellectual function of consciousness", Keith. In Chinese it connotes thought, idea, intention, meaning, will; but in Buddhist terminology its distinctive meaning is mind, or the faculty of thought. |
慧 see styles |
huì hui4 hui megumi めぐみ |
More info & calligraphy: Wisdom / Intelligence(1) wisdom; enlightenment; (2) (Buddhist term) prajna (one of the three divisions of the noble eightfold path); wisdom; (female given name) Megumi prajñā ; sometimes jñāna. Wisdom, discernment, understanding; the power to discern things and their underlying principles and to decide the doubtful. It is often interchanged with 智, though not correctly, for zhi means knowledge, the science of the phenomenal, while hui refers more generally to principles or morals. It is part of the name of many monks, e.g. 慧可 Huike; 慧思Huisi. |
方 see styles |
fāng fang1 fang michi みち |
More info & calligraphy: Phuong(1) direction; way; side; area (in a particular direction); (2) (often 私の方, あなたの方, etc.) side (of an argument, etc.); one's part; (3) type; category; (4) field (of study, etc.); (5) indicates one side of a comparison; (6) way; method; manner; means; (7) length (of each side of a square); (given name) Michi Square; place; correct; a means, plan, prescription; then, now, just. |
明 see styles |
míng ming2 ming meishuu / meshu めいしゅう |
More info & calligraphy: Light / Bright(1) (ant: 暗) brightness; (2) discernment; insight; an eye (for); (3) (See 明を失う) eyesight; vision; (prefix) (4) (abbreviation) (See 明治) nth year in the Meiji era (1868.9.8-1912.7.30); (surname) Meishuu vidyā, knowledge. ming means bright, clear, enlightenment, intp. by 智慧 or 聰明 wisdom, wise; to understand. It represents Buddha-wisdom and its revelation; also the manifestation of a Buddha's light or effulgence; it is a term for 眞言 because the 'true word' can destroy the obscurity of illusion; the 'manifestation' of the power of the object of worship; it means also dhāraṇīs or mantras of mystic wisdom. Also, the Ming dynasty A. D. 1368-1644. |
欲 see styles |
yù yu4 yü yoku よく |
to wish for; to desire; variant of 慾|欲[yu4] greed; craving; desire; avarice; wants; (surname) Yoku rājas, passion. Also kāma, desire, love. The Chinese word means to breathe after, aspire to, desire, and is also used as 慾 for lust, passion; it is inter alia intp. as 染愛塵 tainted with the dust (or dirt) of love, or lust. The three desires are for beauty, demeanour, and softness; the five are those of the five physical senses. |
火 see styles |
huǒ huo3 huo hi ひ |
More info & calligraphy: Firefire; flame; blaze Fire, flame. Śikhin 尸棄; 式棄, which means fire in the sense of flame, is the name of the 999th Buddha of the kalpa preceding this. |
牛 see styles |
niú niu2 niu nyuu / nyu にゅう |
More info & calligraphy: Ox / Bull / Cow(1) cattle (Bos taurus); cow; bull; ox; calf; (2) {food} (usu. ぎゅう) (See 牛肉) beef; (3) (ぎゅう only) {astron} (See 二十八宿,玄武・げんぶ・2) Chinese "Ox" constellation (one of the 28 mansions); (surname) Nyū go, gaus; ox, bull, bullock, etc. A term applied to the Buddha Gautama as in 牛王 king of bulls, possibly because of the derivation of his name; the phrase 騎牛來牛 (or 騎牛覔牛) to ride an ox, to seek an ox, means to use the Buddha to find the Buddha. |
生 see styles |
shēng sheng1 sheng yanao やなお |
More info & calligraphy: Birth / Life(n,n-suf) (See 芝生) area of thick growth (of trees, grass, etc.); (surname) Yanao jāti 惹多; life; utpāda means coming forth, birth, production; 生 means beget, bear, birth, rebirth, born, begin, produce, life, the living. One of the twelve nidānas, 十二因緣; birth takes place in four forms, catur yoni, v. 四生, in each case causing: a sentient being to enter one of the 六道 six gati, or paths of transmigration. |
華 华 see styles |
huá hua2 hua ririka りりか |
More info & calligraphy: Flowers / Blooming / Splendid / China(1) flashiness; showiness; brilliance; splendor; (2) bloom; flowers; (3) (abbreviation) (See 中華民国・1) Republic of China; (female given name) Ririka kusuma; puṣpa; padma; a flower, blossom; flowery; especially the lotus; also 花, which also means pleasure, vice; to spend, waste, profligate. 華 also means splendour, glory, ornate; to decorate; China. |
蘇 苏 see styles |
sū su1 su sohou / soho そほう |
More info & calligraphy: Suh(1) condensed milk; (n,n-suf,n-pref) (2) (abbreviation) Soviet Union; (personal name) Sohou Refreshing thyme; revive, cheer; Suzhou; translit. su, so, sa, s. Most frequently it translit. the Sanskait su, which means good, well excellent, very. Cf. 須, 修. |
覺 觉 see styles |
jué jue2 chüeh satoru さとる |
More info & calligraphy: Awareness(personal name) Satoru bodhi, from bodha, 'knowing, understanding', means enlightenment, illumination; 覺 is to awake, apprehend, perceive, realize; awake, aware; (also, to sleep). It is illumination, enlightenment, or awakening in regard to the real in contrast to the seeming; also, enlightenment in regard to moral evil. Cf. 菩提 and 佛. |
金 see styles |
jīn jin1 chin kimu キム |
More info & calligraphy: Gold / Metal(1) gold (metal); (2) (See 金色) gold (color); (3) gold (medal); first place (prize); (noun - becomes adjective with の) (4) something of great value; something golden (e.g. silence); (5) money; gold coin; (6) (written before an amount of money) sum (of money); (7) (abbreviation) (See 金曜) Friday; (n,ctr) (8) karat (measure of purity of gold); carat; (9) (See 五行・1) metal (fourth phase of Wu Xing); (10) (hist) Jin dynasty (of China; 1115-1234); Chin dynasty; Jurchen dynasty; (11) (abbreviation) {shogi} (See 金将) gold general; (12) (abbreviation) (colloquialism) (See 金玉) testicles; (surname) Kimu; Kim hiraṇya, 伊爛拏 which means cold, any precious metal, semen, etc.; or 蘇伐刺 suvarṇa, which means "of a good or beautiful colour", "golden", "yellow", "gold", "a gold coin", etc. The Chinese means metal, gold, money. |
龍 龙 see styles |
lóng long2 lung riyou / riyo りよう |
More info & calligraphy: Dragon(out-dated kanji) (1) dragon (esp. a Chinese dragon); (2) naga; semi-divine human-cobra chimera in Hindu and Buddhist mythology; (personal name) Riyou A dragon, dragon-like, imperial; tr. for nāga, which means snake, serpent; also elephant, elephantine, serpent-like, etc., cf. 那. |
公案 see styles |
gōng àn gong1 an4 kung an kouan / koan こうあん |
More info & calligraphy: Koan{Buddh} koan; kōan; Zen question for meditation (e.g. the sound of one hand clapping) J. kōan; 因緣 A dossier, or case-record; a cause; public laws, regulations; case-law. Problems set by Zen masters, upon which thought is concentrated as a means to attain inner unity and illumination. |
四諦 四谛 see styles |
sì dì si4 di4 ssu ti shitai したい |
More info & calligraphy: Four Noble Truths (Buddhism){Buddh} (See 苦集滅道) The Four Noble Truths catvāri-ārya-satyāni; 四聖諦; 四眞諦. The four dogmas, or noble truths, the primary and fundamental doctrines of Śākyamuni, said to approximate to the form of medical diagnosis. They are pain or 'suffering, its cause, its ending, the way thereto; that existence is suffering, that human passion (taṇhā, 欲 desire) is the cause of continued suffering, that by the destruction of human passion existence may be brought to an end; that by a life of holiness the destruction of human passion may be attained'. Childers. The four are 苦, 聚 (or 集), 滅, and 道諦, i. e. duḥkha 豆佉, samudaya 三牟提耶, nirodha 尼棲陀, and mārga 末加. Eitel interprets them (1) 'that 'misery' is a necessary attribute of sentient existence'; (2) that 'the 'accumulation' of misery is caused by the passions'; (3) that 'the 'extinction' of passion is possible; (4) mārga is 'the doctrine of the 'path' that leads to the extinction of passion'. (1) 苦 suffering is the lot of the 六趣 six states of existence; (2) 集 is the aggregation (or exacerbation) of suffering by reason of the passions; (3) 滅 is nirvana, the extinction of desire and its consequences, and the leaving of the sufferings of mortality as void and extinct; (4) 道 is the way of such extinction, i. e. the 八正道 eightfold correct way. The first two are considered to be related to this life, the last two to 出世間 a life outside or apart from the world. The four are described as the fundamental doctrines first preached to his five former ascetic companions. Those who accepted these truths were in the stage of śrāvaka. There is much dispute as to the meaning of 滅 'extinction' as to whether it means extinction of suffering, of passion, or of existence. The Nirvana Sutra 18 says that whoever accepts the four dogmas will put an end to births and deaths 若能見四諦則得斷生死 which does not of necessity mean the termination of existence but that of continued transmigration. v. 滅. |
地獄 地狱 see styles |
dì yù di4 yu4 ti yü jigoku じごく |
More info & calligraphy: Hell(1) {Buddh} hell realm; Naraka; (2) {Christn} Hell; (3) hell; misery; nightmare; inferno; (4) place where a volcano or hot springs constantly spew smoke or steam; (place-name) Jigoku naraka, 捺落迦 (or 那落迦) ; niraya 泥犂; explained by 不樂 joyless; 可厭 disgusting, hateful; 苦具, 苦器 means of suffering; if 地獄 earth-prison; 冥府 the shades, or departments of darkness. Earth-prison is generally intp. as hell or the hells; it may also be termed purgatory; one of the six gati or ways of transmigration. The hells are divided into three classes: I. Central, or radical, 根本地獄 consisting of (1) The eight hot hells. These were the original hells of primitive Buddhism, and are supposed to be located umder the southern continent Jambudvīpa 瞻部州, 500 yojanas below the surface. (a) 等活 or 更活 Saṃjīva, rebirth, where after many kinds of suffering a cold wind blows over the soul and returns it to this life as it was before, hence the name 等活. (b) 黑繩 Kaslasūtra, where the sufferer is bound with black chains and chopped or sawn asunder. (c) 線合; 衆合; 堆壓 Saṃghāta, where are multitudes of implements of torture, or the falling of mountains upon the sufferer. (d) 號呌; 呼呼; 叫喚 Raurava, hell of wailing. (e) 大呌; 大號呌; 大呼 Mahāraurava, hell of great wailing. (f) 炎熱; 燒炙 Tapana, hell of fames and burning. (g) 大熱; 大燒炙; 大炎熱 Pratāpana, hell of molten lead. (h) 無間; 河鼻旨; 阿惟越致; 阿毗至; 阿鼻; 阿毗 Avīci, unintermitted suffering, where sinners die and are reborn to suffer without interval. (2) The eight cold hells 八寒地獄. (a) 頞浮陀地獄 Arbuda, where the cold causes blisters. (b) 尼刺部陀 Nirarbuda, colder still causing the blisters to burst. (c) 頞哳吒; 阿吒吒 Atata, where this is the only possible sound from frozen lips. (d) 臛臛婆; 阿波波 Hahava or Apapa, where it is so cold that only this sound can be uttered. (e) 虎虎婆 Hāhādhara or Huhuva, where only this sound can be uttered. (f) 嗢鉢羅; 鬱鉢羅 (or 優鉢羅) Utpala, or 尼羅鳥 (or 漚) 鉢羅 Nīlotpala, where the skin is frozen like blue lotus buds. (g) 鉢特摩 Padma, where the skin is frozen and bursts open like red lotus buds. (h) 摩訶鉢特摩 Mahāpadma, ditto like great red lotus buds. Somewhat different names are also given. Cf. 倶舍論 8; 智度論 16; 涅槃經 11. II. The secondary hells are called 近邊地獄 adjacent hells or 十六遊增 each of its four sides, opening from each such door are four adjacent hells, in all sixteen; thus with the original eight there are 136. A list of eighteen hells is given in the 十八泥梨經. III. A third class is called the 孤地獄 (獨地獄) Lokāntarika, or isolated hells in mountains, deserts, below the earth and above it. Eitel says in regard to the eight hot hells that they range 'one beneath the other in tiers which begin at a depth of 11,900 yojanas and reach to a depth of 40,000 yojanas'. The cold hells are under 'the two Tchahavālas and range shaft-like one below the other, but so that this shaft is gradually widening to the fourth hell and then narrowing itself again so that the first and last hell have the shortest, those in the centre the longest diameter'. 'Every universe has the same number of hells, ' but 'the northern continent has no hell whatever, the two continents east and west of Meru have only small Lokāntarika hells... whilst all the other hells are required for the inhabitants of the southern continent '. It may be noted that the purpose of these hells is definitely punitive, as well as purgatorial. Yama is the judge and ruler, assisted by eighteen officers and a host of demons, who order or administer the various degrees of torture. 'His sister performs the same duties with regard to female criminals, ' and it may be mentioned that the Chinese have added the 血盆池 Lake of the bloody bath, or 'placenta tank' for women who die in childbirth. Release from the hells is in the power of the monks by tantric means. |
瑜伽 see styles |
yú jiā yu2 jia1 yü chia yuga ゆが |
More info & calligraphy: Yoga{Buddh} (See ヨーガ) yoga; (surname) Yuga yoga; also 瑜誐; 遊迦; a yoke, yoking, union, especially an ecstatic union of the individual soul with a divine being, or spirit, also of the individual soul with the universal soul. The method requires the mutual response or relation of 境, 行, 理, 果 and 機; i.e. (1) state, or environment, referred to mind; (2) action, or mode of practice; (3) right principle; (4) results in enlightenment; (5) motivity, i.e. practical application in saving others. Also the mutual relation of hand, mouth, and mind referring to manifestation, incantation, and mental operation; these are known as 瑜伽三密, the three esoteric (means) of Yoga. The older practice of meditation as a means of obtaining spiritual or magical power was distorted in Tantrism to exorcism, sorcery, and juggling in general. |
自然 see styles |
zì rán zi4 ran2 tzu jan minori みのり |
More info & calligraphy: Nature(n,adv) (dated) occurring naturally (without human influence); (female given name) Minori svayaṃbhū, also 自爾; 法爾 self-existing, the self-existent; Brahmā, Viṣṇu, and others; in Chinese it is 'self-so', so of itself, natural, of course, spontaneous. It also means uncaused existence, certain sects of heretics 自然外道 denying Buddhist cause and effect and holding that things happen spontaneously. |
般若 see styles |
bō rě bo1 re3 po je hanniya はんにや |
More info & calligraphy: Great Wisdom(1) {Buddh} prajna (wisdom required to attain enlightenment); (2) {noh} (See 般若面・1) hannya; mask of a grinning, horned demoness (represents a woman's rage and jealousy); (3) (abbreviation) (See 般若面・2) dreadful face (esp. of a woman driven mad by jealousy); terrifying facial expression; (surname) Hanniya (般賴若) Prajñā is also the name of a monk from Kabul, A.D. 810, styled 三藏法師; tr. four works and author of an alphabet.; prajñā, 'to know, understand'; 'Wisdom. ' M. W. Intp. 慧 wisdom; 智慧 understanding, or wisdom; 明 clear, intelligent, the sixth pāramitā. The Prajñā-pāramitā Sutra describes it as supreme, highest, incomparable, unequalled, unsurpassed. It is spoken of as the principal means, by its enlightenment, of attaining to nirvana, through its revelation of the unreality of all things. Other forms 般羅若; 般諄若; 鉢若; 鉢剌若; 鉢羅枳孃; 鉢腎禳; 波若, 波賴若; 波羅孃; 班若. |
達磨 达磨 see styles |
dá mó da2 mo2 ta mo daruma だるま |
More info & calligraphy: Daruma / Damodharma; also 達摩; 達麼; 達而麻耶; 曇摩; 馱摩 tr. by 法. dharma is from dhara, holding, bearing, possessing, etc.; and means 'that which is to be held fast or kept, ordinance, statute, law, usage, practice'; 'anything right.' M.W. It may be variously intp. as (1) characteristic, attribute, predicate; (2) the bearer, the transcendent substratum of single elements of conscious life; (3) element, i.e. a part of conscious life; (4) nirvāṇa, i.e. the Dharma par excellence, the object of Buddhist teaching; (5) the absolute, the real; (6) the teaching or religion of Buddha; (7) thing, object, appearance. Also, Damo, or Bodhidharma, the twenty-eighth Indian and first Chinese patriarch, who arrived in China A.D. 520, the reputed founder of the Chan or Intuitional School in China. He is described as son of a king in southern India; originally called Bodhitara. He arrived at Guangdong, bringing it is said the sacred begging-bowl, and settled in Luoyang, where he engaged in silent meditation for nine years, whence he received the title of wall-gazing Brahman 壁觀婆羅門, though he was a kṣatriya. His doctrine and practice were those of the 'inner light', independent of the written word, but to 慧可 Huike, his successor, he commended the Laṅkāvatāra-sūtra as nearest to his views. There are many names with Dharma as initial: Dharmapāla, Dharmagupta, Dharmayaśas, Dharmaruci, Dharmarakṣa, Dharmatrāta, Dharmavardhana, etc. |
集諦 集谛 see styles |
jí dì ji2 di4 chi ti jittai じったい |
More info & calligraphy: Four Noble Truths: Desire and Attachmentsamudaya, the second of the four dogmas, that the cause of suffering lies in the passions and their resultant karma. The Chinese 集 'accumulation' does not correctly translate samudaya, which means 'origination'. |
八正道 see styles |
bā zhèng dào ba1 zheng4 dao4 pa cheng tao hasshōdō はっしょうどう |
More info & calligraphy: The Noble Eightfold Path(Buddhist term) noble eightfold path (八正道分) Āryamārga. The eight right or correct ways, the "eightfold noble path" for the arhat to nirvāṇa; also styled 八道船, 八正門, 八由行, 八游行, 八聖道支, 八道行, 八直行, 八直道. The eight are: (1) 正見Samyag-dṛṣṭi, correct views in regard to the Four Axioms, and freedom from the common delusion. (2) 正思 Samyak-saṁkalpa, correct thought and purpose. (3) 正語 Samyag-vāc, correct speech, avoidance of false and idle talk. (4) 正業 Samyak-karmānta, correct deed, or conduct, getting rid of all improper action so as to dwell in purity. (5) 正命 Smnyag-ājīva, correct livelihood or occupation, avoiding the five immoral occupations. (6) 正精進 Samyag-vyāyāma, correct zeal, or energy in uninterrupted progress in the way of nirvāṇa. (7) 正念 Samyak-smṛti, correct remembrance, or memory, which retains the true and excludes the false. (8) 正定 Samyak-samadhi, correct meditation, absorption, or abstraction. The 正 means of course Buddhist orthodoxy, anything contrary to this being 邪 or heterodox, and wrong. |
ミーンズ see styles |
miinzu / minzu ミーンズ |
More info & calligraphy: Means |
手段 see styles |
shǒu duàn shou3 duan4 shou tuan shudan しゅだん |
method; way; means (of doing something); skill; ability; trick; wile means; way; measure |
て see styles |
de デ |
(particle) (1) (indicates location of action) at; in; (particle) (2) (indicates time of action) at; when; (particle) (3) (indicates means of action) by; with; (conjunction) (4) (colloquialism) (See それで) so; therefore; (and) then; accordingly; (conjunction) (5) (colloquialism) (See ところで・1) by the way; incidentally; now then; well; (personal name) De; Des |
乘 see styles |
shèng sheng4 sheng jō |
(archaic) four horse military chariot; (archaic) four; generic term for history books Yāna 衍; 野那 a vehicle, wain, any means of conveyance; a term applied to Buddhism as carrying men to salvation. The two chief divisions are the 小乘 Hīnayāna and 大乘 Mahāyāna; but there are categories of one, two, three, four, and five sheng q.v., and they have further subdivisions. |
以 see styles |
yǐ yi3 i yue ゆえ |
to use; by means of; according to; in order to; because of; at (a certain date or place) (female given name) Yue By means of, by using, by; whereby, in order to. |
佉 see styles |
qū qu1 ch`ü chü kya |
surname Qu Translit. kha, also khya, ga, gha, khu, khi; cf. 呿, 喀, 吃, 呵, 珂, 恪, 轗; it is used to represent 虛空 space, empty. Skt. khainter alia means "sky", "ether". |
假 see styles |
jià jia4 chia ke |
vacation To borrow, pretend, assume, suppose; unreal, false, fallacious. In Buddhism it means empirical; nothing is real and permanent, all is temporal and merely phenomenal, fallacious, and unreal; hence the term is used in the sense of empirical, phenomenal, temporal, relative, unreal, seeming, fallacious, etc. The three fundamental propositions or 三諦 are 空假中 the void, or noumenon; the empirical, or phenomenal; and the mean. |
具 see styles |
jù ju4 chü tomo とも |
tool; device; utensil; equipment; instrument; talent; ability; to possess; to have; to provide; to furnish; to state; classifier for devices, coffins, dead bodies (1) tool; means; (2) ingredients (added to soup, rice, etc.); (counter) (3) counter for sets of armor, utensils, furniture, etc.; (female given name) Tomo All; complete; to present; implements; translit. gh. |
分 see styles |
fèn fen4 fen wake わけ |
part; share; ingredient; component (n,n-suf) (1) part; portion; share; (suffix noun) (2) amount; worth (as in "two days' worth"); enough (for); (3) one's means; one's place; one's lot; one's social position; (4) one's duty; one's part; (5) condition; state (of affairs); extent; rate (as in "at this rate"); (n,adv) (6) in proportion to; just as much as; to the same degree; (suffix noun) (7) content (e.g. alcohol); percentage; (suffix noun) (8) (See 兄貴分・2) equivalent to (e.g. an old brother); (surname) Wake To divide. separate; a fractional part: a share: a duty. |
努 see styles |
nǔ nu3 nu tsutomu つとむ |
to exert; to strive (adverb) (kana only) (archaism) never; by no means; (male given name) Tsutomu |
務 务 see styles |
wù wu4 wu tsutomu つとむ |
affair; business; matter; to be engaged in; to attend to; by all means (male given name) Tsutomu to strive |
即 see styles |
jí ji2 chi chikashi ちかし |
namely; that is; i.e.; prompt; at once; at present; even if; prompted (by the occasion); to approach; to come into contact; to assume (office); to draw near (adv,pref) (1) instantly; immediately; at once; (conjunction) (2) (usu. in negative sentence) equals; means; is; (3) {Buddh} oneness (of two opposing things); inseparability; (given name) Chikashi |
受 see styles |
shòu shou4 shou uke うけ |
to receive; to accept; to suffer; subjected to; to bear; to stand; pleasant; (passive marker); (LGBT) bottom {Buddh} (See 五蘊,十二因縁) vedana (sensation); (place-name) Uke To receive, be, bear; intp. of vedana, 'perception,' 'knowledge obtained by the senses, feeling, sensation.' M. W. It is defined as mental reaction to the object, but in general it means receptivity, or sensation; the two forms of sensation of physical and mental objects are indicated. It is one of the five skandhas; as one of the twelve nidānas it indicates the incipient stage of sensation in the embryo. |
嚫 see styles |
chèn chen4 ch`en chen shin |
Translit. kṣi in dakṣiṇā, which means a donation, gift, e.g. 嚫施; 嚫物; 嚫財; 嚫資; 嚫金; 嚫錢 cf. 噠. |
塵 尘 see styles |
chén chen2 ch`en chen chiri ちり |
dust; dirt; earth (1) dust; (2) trash; garbage; rubbish; dirt; (3) (usu. as 塵ほども...ない) negligible amount; tiny bit; (4) hustle and bustle (of life); worldly cares; impurities of the world; (5) (abbreviation) {sumo} (See 塵手水) ritual gestures indicating that a fight will be clean guṇa, in Sanskrit inter alia means 'a secondary element', 'a quality', 'an attribute of the five elements', e.g. 'ether has śabda or sound for its guṇa and the ear for its organ'. In Chinese it means 'dust, small particles; molecules, atoms, exhalations'. It may be intp. as an atom, or matter, which is considered as defilement; or as an active, conditioned principle in nature, minute, subtle, and generally speaking defiling to pure mind; worldly, earthly, the world. The six guṇas or sensation-data are those of sight, sound, smell, taste, touch, and thought. |
手 see styles |
shǒu shou3 shou tezaki てざき |
hand; (formal) to hold; person engaged in certain types of work; person skilled in certain types of work; personal(ly); convenient; classifier for skill; CL:雙|双[shuang1],隻|只[zhi1] (1) (occ. pronounced た when a prefix) (See お手・おて・1) hand; arm; (2) (colloquialism) (See お手・おて・3) forepaw; foreleg; (3) handle; (4) hand; worker; help; (5) trouble; care; effort; (6) means; way; trick; move; technique; workmanship; (7) hand; handwriting; (8) kind; type; sort; (9) (See 手に入る) one's hands; one's possession; (10) (See 手に余る) ability to cope; (11) hand (of cards); (12) (See 山の手・1) direction; (n,n-suf,ctr) (13) move (in go, shogi, etc.); (surname) Tezaki pāṇī; hasta; kara; hand, arm. |
時 时 see styles |
shí shi2 shih tozaki とざき |
o'clock; time; when; hour; season; period (suffix noun) (1) (after noun or -masu stem of verb) (See 食事時) time for ...; time to ...; (suffix noun) (2) (See 売り時) good time to ...; opportunity to ...; (suffix noun) (3) (See 花見時) season; (surname) Tozaki Time, hour, period; constantly; as kāla, time in general, e.g. year, month, season, period; as samaya, it means kṣaṇa, momentary, passing; translit. ji. |
有 see styles |
yǒu you3 yu yumi ゆみ |
to have; there is; (bound form) having; with; -ful; -ed; -al (as in 有意[you3 yi4] intentional) (1) existence; (n,n-pref) (2) possession; having; (3) (abbreviation) (in company names; written as (有)) (See 有限会社) limited company; (personal name) Yumi bhāva: that which exists, the existing, existence; to have, possess, be. It is defined as (1) the opposite of 無 wu and 空 kong the non-existent; (2) one of the twelve nidānas, existence; the condition which, considered as cause, produces effect; (3) effect, the consequence of cause; (4) anything that can be relied upon in the visible or invisible realm. It means any state which lies between birth and death, or beginning and end. There are numerous categories— 3, 4, 7, 9, 18, 25, and 29. The 三有 are the 三界 trailokya, i. e. 欲, 色 and 無色界 the realms of desire, of form, and of non-form, all of them realms of mortality; another three are 本有 the present body and mind, or existence, 當有 the future ditto, 中有 the intermediate ditto. Other definitions give the different forms or modes of existence. |
燧 see styles |
suì sui4 sui hiuchi ひうち |
(bound form) material or tool used to light a fire by means of friction or the sun's rays; (bound form) beacon fire (alarm signal in border regions), esp. one lit during daytime to produce smoke hand drilling (to start a fire); hand drill; (place-name, surname) Hiuchi flame |
策 see styles |
cè ce4 ts`e tse hakaru はかる |
policy; plan; scheme; bamboo slip for writing (old); to whip (a horse); to encourage; riding crop with sharp spines (old); essay written for the imperial examinations (old); upward horizontal stroke in calligraphy (n,n-suf) (1) plan; policy; means; measure; stratagem; scheme; (2) (See 永字八法) fifth principle of the Eight Principles of Yong; right upward flick; (male given name) Hakaru A treatise, book, memo, tablet, card; a plan, scheme; question; whip; etc. |
籌 筹 see styles |
chóu chou2 ch`ou chou hikaru ひかる |
chip (in gambling); token (for counting); ticket; to prepare; to plan; to raise (funds); resource; way; means (archaism) wooden skewer used for counting; (given name) Hikaru To calculate, devise, plan; a tally. |
絕 绝 see styles |
jué jue2 chüeh zetsu |
to cut short; extinct; to disappear; to vanish; absolutely; by no means to cut off |
緣 缘 see styles |
yuán yuan2 yüan en |
cause; reason; karma; fate; predestined affinity; margin; hem; edge; along pratyaya means conviction, reliance, but with Buddhists especially it means 'a co-operating cause, the concurrent occasion of an event as distinguished from its proximate cause'. M.W. It is the circumstantial, conditioning, or secondary cause, in contrast with 因 hetu, the direct or fundamental cause. hetu is as the seed, pratyaya the soil, rain, sunshine, etc. To reason, conclude. To climb, lay hold of. The mind 能緣can reason, the objective is 所緣, the two in contact constitute the reasoning process. The four kinds of causes are 因緣; 次第緣; 緣緣, and 增上緣 q.v. |
肥 see styles |
féi fei2 fei yutaka ゆたか |
fat; fertile; loose-fitting or large; to fertilize; to become rich by illegal means; fertilizer; manure manure; night soil; dung; fertiliser; fertilizer; (personal name) Yutaka Fat. |
術 术 see styles |
zhú zhu2 chu yasushi やすし |
various genera of flowers of Asteracea family (daisies and chrysanthemums), including Atractylis lancea (kana only) way; method; means; (personal name) Yasushi Way or method; art; trick, plan. |
謂 谓 see styles |
wèi wei4 wei ii / i いい |
to speak; to say; to name; to designate; meaning; sense (kana only) (usu. as 〜のいい) what was said; what it means; origin of a story (or tradition, etc.) say |
豈 岂 see styles |
qǐ qi3 ch`i chi ani あに |
how? (emphatic question) (adverb) (1) (archaism) (with neg. verb) never; by no means; not in the least; in no way; (adverb) (2) (archaism) why; what for what |
貪 贪 see styles |
tān tan1 t`an tan tan; ton; don たん; とん; どん |
to have a voracious desire for; to covet; greedy; corrupt (1) coveting; (2) {Buddh} (usu. とん) raga (desire) rāga; colouring, dyeing, tint, red; affection, passion, vehement longing or desire; cf. M. W. In Chinese: cupidity, desire; intp. tainted by and in bondage to the five desires; it is the first in order of the 五鈍使 pañca-kleśa q. v., and means hankering after, desire for, greed, which causes clinging to earthly life and things, therefore reincarnation. |
量 see styles |
liàng liang4 liang ryou / ryo りょう |
capacity; quantity; amount; to estimate; abbr. for 量詞|量词[liang4 ci2], classifier (in Chinese grammar); measure word (n,n-suf) (1) quantity; amount; volume; capacity; portion (of food); (2) (See 度量・1) generosity; magnanimity; tolerance; (3) pramana (means by which one gains accurate and valid knowledge; in Indian philosophy); (surname, female given name) Ryō pramāṇa. Measure, capacity, length, ability; to measure, deliberate; a syllogism in logic, v. 比量. A syllogism, consisting of 宗 pratijñā, proposition; 因 hetu, reason; 喩 udāharaṇa, example; but the syllogism varies in the number of its avayava, or members. There are other divisions from 2 to 6, e.g. 現量 and 比量 direct or sense inferences, and comparative or logical inferences; to these are added 聖教量 arguments based on authority; 譬喩量 analogy; 義准 postulation, or general assent; and 無體 negation, or non-existence. |
して see styles |
jide ジデ |
(particle) (1) (See からして・1,として・1,にして・1) by (indicating means of action); as (a group, etc.); (particle) (2) (as 〜をして in modern Japanese) indicates the agent in a causative construction; (prt,conj) (3) (after the ren'youkei form of an adjective or the auxiliary verb ず) acts as a connective indicating a state or condition; (prt,adv) (4) (after an adverb or particle) adds emphasis; (conjunction) (5) (dated) and; so; then; (place-name) Cide |
にて see styles |
nite にて |
(particle) (1) (form) (indicates location of action) at; in; (particle) (2) (form) (indicates time of action) at; when; (particle) (3) (form) (indicates means of action) by; with; (conjunction) (4) (form) and then; so |
一以 see styles |
yī yǐ yi1 yi3 i i ichii |
by means of one |
万方 see styles |
mankata まんかた |
many lands; many means; (surname) Mankata |
万策 see styles |
bansaku ばんさく |
all means |
三假 see styles |
sān jiǎ san1 jia3 san chia sanke |
prajñāpti. The word 假 q.v. in Buddhist terminology means that everything is merely phenomenal, and consists of derived elements; nothing therefore has real existeme, but all is empty and unreal, 虛妄不實. The three 假 are 法 things, 受 sensations, and 名 names. |
不生 see styles |
bù shēng bu4 sheng1 pu sheng fushou / fusho ふしょう |
(place-name) Fushou anutpatti; anutpāda. Non-birth: not to be reborn, exempt from rebirth; arhan is mistakenly interpreted as 'not born', meaning not born again into mortal worlds. The 'nir' in nirvana is also erroneously said to mean 'not born'; certain schools say that nothing ever has been born, or created, for all is eternal. The Shingon word 'a' is interpreted as symbolizing the uncreated. The unborn or uncreated is a name for the Tathāgata, who is not born, but eternal ; hence by implication the term means "eternal". ādi, which means"at first, " "beginning","primary", is also interpreted as 不生 uncreated. |
不誤 不误 see styles |
bù wù bu4 wu4 pu wu |
used in expressions of the form 照[zhao4] + {verb} + 不誤|不误[bu4 wu4], in which 照[zhao4] means "as before", and the overall meaning is "carry on (doing something) regardless" or "continue (to do something) in spite of changed circumstances", e.g. 照買不誤|照买不误[zhao4 mai3 bu4 wu4], to keep on buying (a product) regardless (of price hikes) |
並不 并不 see styles |
bìng bù bing4 bu4 ping pu |
not at all; by no means |
中々 see styles |
nakanaka なかなか |
(adv,adj-na) (1) (kana only) very; considerably; easily; readily; fairly; quite; highly; rather; (adverb) (2) (kana only) by no means (with negative verb); not readily; (3) middle; half-way point; (can be adjective with の) (4) (kana only) excellent; wonderful; very good |
中中 see styles |
zhōng zhōng zhong1 zhong1 chung chung chūchū なかなか |
middling; average; impartial; (Hong Kong) secondary school that uses Chinese as the medium of instruction ("CMI school") (adv,adj-na) (1) (kana only) very; considerably; easily; readily; fairly; quite; highly; rather; (adverb) (2) (kana only) by no means (with negative verb); not readily; (3) middle; half-way point; (can be adjective with の) (4) (kana only) excellent; wonderful; very good middling of the middling |
九鬼 see styles |
jiǔ guǐ jiu3 gui3 chiu kuei kuki くき |
(place-name, surname) Kuki The nine classes of ghosts are of three kinds: without means, small means, rich. The first group have 炬口 burning torch-like mouths, or 鍼口 narrow needle mouths, or 臭口 stinking mouths; the second group have hair like needles, or stinking hair, or tumours; the rich ghosts haunt sacrifices to the dead, or eat human leavings, or live truculently. |
二教 see styles |
èr jiào er4 jiao4 erh chiao nikyō |
Dual division of the Buddha's teaching. There are various definitions: (1) Tiantai has (a) 顯教 exoteric or public teaching to the visible audience, and (b) 密教 at the same time esoteric teaching to an audience invisible to the other assembly. (2) The 眞言 Shingon School by "exoteric" means all the Buddha's preaching, save that of the 大日經 which it counts esoteric. (3) (a) 漸教 and (b) 頓教 graduated and immediate teaching, terms with various uses, e.g. salvation by works Hīnayāna, and by faith, Mahāyāna, etc.; they are applied to the Buddha's method, to the receptivity of hearers and to the teaching itself. (4) Tiantai has (a) 界内教 and (b) 界外教 teachings relating to the 三界 or realms of mortality and teachings relating to immortal realms. (5) (a) 半字教 and (b) 滿字教 Terms used in the Nirvāṇa sūtra, meaning incomplete word, or letter, teaching and complete word teaching, i.e. partial and complete, likened to Hīnayāna and Mahāyāna. (6) (a) 捃收教 and (b) 扶律談常教 of the Nirvāṇa sūtra, (a) completing those who failed to hear the Lotus; (b) "supporting the law, while discoursing on immortality," i.e. that the keeping of the law is also necessary to salvation. (7) Tiantai's division of (a) 偏教 and (b) 圓教 the partial teaching of the 藏, 通, and schools as contrasted with the perfect teaching of the 圓 school. (8) Tiantai's division of (a) 構教 and (6) 實教 temporary and permanent, similar to the last two. (9) (a) 世間教 The ordinary teaching of a moral life here; (b) 出世間教 the teaching of Buddha-truth of other-worldly happiness in escape from mortality. (10) (a) 了義教 the Mahāyāna perfect or complete teaching, and (b) 不了義教 Hīnayāna incompleteness. (11) The Huayan division of (a) 屈曲教 indirect or uneven teaching as in the Lotus and Nirvāṇa sūtras, and (b) 平道教 direct or levelled up teaching as in the Huayan sūtra. (12) The Huayan division of (a) 化教 all the Buddha's teaching for conversion and general instruction, and (b) 制教 his rules and commandments for the control and development of his order. |
二量 see styles |
èr liáng er4 liang2 erh liang niryō |
The two "measurings," or parts of a syllogism : (a) 現量 appearance, e.g. smoke; (b) 比量 inference, e.g. fire from smoke. |
二食 see styles |
èr shí er4 shi2 erh shih nishoku; nijiki(ok) にしょく; にじき(ok) |
two meals; (eating) two meals a day The two kinds of food: (1) (a) The joy of the Law; (b) the bliss of meditation. (2) (a)The right kind of monk's livelihood - by mendicancy; (b) the wrong kind - by any other means. |
五度 see styles |
wǔ dù wu3 du4 wu tu godo ごど |
five degrees; fifth (basic musical interval, doh to soh) {music} fifth (interval) The five means of transportation over the sea of mortality to salvation; they are the five pāramitās 五波羅蜜— almsgiving, commandment-keeping, patience under provocation, zeal, and meditation. |
仕形 see styles |
shikata しかた |
way; method; means; resource; course |
仕方 see styles |
shikata しかた |
way; method; means; resource; course |
仕様 see styles |
shiyou / shiyo しよう |
(1) way; method; means; resource; remedy; (2) (technical) specification |
仕樣 see styles |
shiyou / shiyo しよう |
(out-dated kanji) (1) way; method; means; resource; remedy; (2) (technical) specification |
他律 see styles |
tā lǜ ta1 lu:4 t`a lü ta lü taritsu たりつ |
external regulation (e.g. by means of a regulatory body, as opposed to self-regulation 自律[zi4 lu:4]); (ethics) heteronomy (1) {phil} (See 自律・1) heteronomy (in Kantian ethics); (2) heteronomy |
代步 see styles |
dài bù dai4 bu4 tai pu |
to get around using a conveyance (car, bicycle, sedan chair etc); to ride (or drive); means of transportation |
以て see styles |
motte もって |
(conj,exp) (1) (kana only) with; by; (2) (kana only) by means of; because; in view of |
以一 see styles |
yǐ yī yi3 yi1 i i i ichi |
by means of one |
以上 see styles |
yǐ shàng yi3 shang4 i shang ijō いじょう |
that level or higher; that amount or more; the above-mentioned; (used to indicate that one has completed one's remarks) That is all. (n-adv,n-t) (1) not less than; ... and more; ... and upwards; (2) beyond ... (e.g. one's means); further (e.g. nothing further to say); more than ... (e.g. cannot pay more than that); (3) above-mentioned; foregoing; (4) since ...; seeing that ...; (5) this is all; that is the end; the end ...and above |
仲々 see styles |
nakanaka なかなか |
(irregular kanji usage) (adv,adj-na) (1) (kana only) very; considerably; easily; readily; fairly; quite; highly; rather; (adverb) (2) (kana only) by no means (with negative verb); not readily; (3) middle; half-way point; (can be adjective with の) (4) (kana only) excellent; wonderful; very good |
何て see styles |
nande なんで |
(adverb) (1) (kana only) why?; what for?; (adverb) (2) how?; by what means? |
何卒 see styles |
nanitozo なにとぞ nanisotsu なにそつ |
(adverb) (1) (humble language) please; kindly; I beg of you; if it pleases you; (2) by all means; without fail; (ik) (adverb) (1) (humble language) please; kindly; I beg of you; if it pleases you; (2) by all means; without fail |
修羅 修罗 see styles |
xiū luó xiu1 luo2 hsiu lo shura しゅら |
(Indian mythology) Asuras – powerful, malevolent beings who oppose the gods (1) (abbreviation) {Buddh} (See 阿修羅) Asura; demigod; anti-god; titan; demigods that fight the Devas (gods) in Hindu mythology; (2) fighting; carnage; conflict; strife; (3) sledge (for conveying large rocks, logs, etc.); (4) (See 滑道) log slide; chute; flume; (female given name) Shura asura, demons who war with Indra; v. 阿修羅; it is also sura, which means a god, or deity. |
催情 see styles |
cuī qíng cui1 qing2 ts`ui ch`ing tsui ching |
to promote estrus; to bring an animal to heat by artificial means |
入觀 入观 see styles |
rù guān ru4 guan1 ju kuan nyūkan |
To enter into meditation; it differs from 入定 as 定 means 自心之寂靜 complete stillness of the mind, while 觀 means 自觀照理 thought and study for enlightenment in regard to truth. |
六度 see styles |
liù dù liu4 du4 liu tu rokudo ろくど |
(surname) Rokudo The six things that ferry one beyond the sea of mortality to nirvana, i. e. the six pāramitās 波羅蜜 (波羅蜜多): (1) 布施 dāna, charity, or giving, including the bestowing of the truth on others; (2) 持戒 śīla, keeping the command rents; (3) 忍辱 kṣānti, patience under insult; (4) 精進 vīrya, zeal and progress; (5) 闡定 dhyāna, meditation or contemplation; (6) 智慧 prajñā; wisdom, the power to discern reality or truth. It is the last that carries across the saṃsāra (sea of incarnate life) to the shores of nirvana. The opposites of these virtues are meanness, wickedness, anger, sloth, a distracted mind, and ignorance. The 唯識論 adds four other pāramitās: (7) 方便 upāya, the use of appropriate means; (8) 願 praṇidhāna, pious vows; (9) 力 bala, power of fulfillment; (10) 智 jñāna knowledge. |
六行 see styles |
liù xíng liu4 xing2 liu hsing rokugyō |
Among Buddhists the term means the practice of the 六度 six pāramitās; it is referred, among outsiders, to the six austerities of the six kinds of heretics: (1) 自餓 starvation; (2) 投淵 naked cave-dwelling (or, throwing oneself down precipices); (3) 赴火 self-immolation, or self-torturing by fire; (4) 自坐 sitting naked in public; (5) 寂默 dwelling in silence among graves; (6) 牛狗 living as animals. |
凌ぎ see styles |
shinogi しのぎ |
(n,suf) (1) (See その場しのぎ) (means of) enduring; tiding over; pulling through; (2) (See 非時・3) food offered to attendants of a funeral |
分衛 分卫 see styles |
fēn wèi fen1 wei4 fen wei wakee わけえ |
(surname) Wakee piṇḍapāta, 賓荼波多; 儐荼夜 food given as alms; piṇḍapātika means one who lives on alms; it is also interpreted as 團墮 lumps (of food) falling (into the begging bowl); the reference is to the Indian method of rolling the cooked food into a bolus for eating, or such a bolus given to the monks. |
分身 see styles |
fēn shēn fen1 shen1 fen shen bunshin(p); funjin(ok) ぶんしん(P); ふんじん(ok) |
(of one who has supernatural powers) to replicate oneself so as to appear in two or more places at the same time; a derivative version of sb (or something) (e.g. avatar, proxy, clone, sockpuppet); to spare some time for a separate task; to cut a corpse into pieces; to pull a body apart by the four limbs; parturition (1) other self; alter ego; part of oneself (in someone or something else); representation of oneself; (2) {Buddh} incarnations of Buddha Parturition: in Buddhism it means a Buddha's power to reproduce himself ad infinitum and anywhere. |
切勿 see styles |
qiè wù qie4 wu4 ch`ieh wu chieh wu |
by no means |
切忌 see styles |
qiè jì qie4 ji4 ch`ieh chi chieh chi |
to avoid as taboo; to avoid by all means |
別口 see styles |
betsukuchi べつくち |
(noun - becomes adjective with の) (1) different kind; another sort; separate item; another approach; different means; (2) separate account (e.g. bank account) |
到底 see styles |
dào dǐ dao4 di3 tao ti toutei / tote とうてい |
finally; in the end; when all is said and done; after all; to the end; to the last (adverb) (kana only) (with neg. sentence) (cannot) possibly; (not) by any means; (not) at all; utterly; absolutely |
助道 see styles |
zhù dào zhu4 dao4 chu tao sukemichi すけみち |
(surname) Sukemichi Auxiliary means, e.g. of meditation; auxiliary discipline; any aid to faith or virtue. |
化前 see styles |
huà qián hua4 qian2 hua ch`ien hua chien kezen |
In the Amitābha cult the term means before its first sutra, the 觀無量壽經, just as 爾前 in the Lotus School means 'before the Lotus.' |
化生 see styles |
huà shēng hua4 sheng1 hua sheng keshou / kesho けしょう |
(noun/participle) (1) {Buddh} (See 四生) spontaneous birth; (2) goblin; monster; (surname, given name) Keshou q. v. means direct 'birth' by metamorphosis. It also means the incarnate avaatara of a deity.; aupapādaka, or aupapāduka. Direct metamorphosis, or birth by transformation, one of the 四生, by which existence in any required form is attained in an instant in full maturity. By this birth bodhisattvas residing in Tuṣita appear on earth. Dhyāni Buddhas and Avalokiteśvara are likewise called 化生. It also means unconditional creation at the beginning of a kalpa. Bhuta 部多 is also used with similar meaning. There are various kinds of 化生, e. g. 佛菩薩化生 the transformation of a Buddha or bodhisattva, in any form at will, without gestation, or intermediary conditions: 極樂化生, birth in the happy land of Amitābha by transformation through the Lotus; 法身化生 the dharmakāya, or spiritual body, born or formed on a disciple's conversion. |
十二 see styles |
shí èr shi2 er4 shih erh tooji とおじ |
twelve; 12 12; twelve; (given name) Tooji dvātriṃśa. Thirty-two. 三十二應 (or 三十二身) The thirty-two forms of Guanyin, and of Puxian, ranging from that of a Buddha to that of a man, a maid, a rakṣas; similar to the thirty-three forms named in the Lotus Sūtra. 三十二相三十二大人相 dvātriṃśadvaralakṣaṇa. The thirty-two lakṣaṇas, or physical marks of a cakravartī, or 'wheel-king', especially of the Buddha, i. e. level feet, thousand-spoke wheel-sign on feet, long slender fingers, pliant hands and feet, toes and fingers finely webbed, full-sized heels, arched insteps, thighs like a royal stag, hands reaching below the knees well-retracted male organ, height and stretch of arms equal, every hair-root dark coloured, body hair graceful and curly, golden-hued body, a 10 ft. halo around him, soft smooth skin, the 七處, i. e. two soles, two palms, two shoulders, and crown well rounded, below the armpits well-filled, lion-shaped body, erect, full shoulders, forty teeth, teeth white even and close, the four canine teeth pure white, lion-jawed, saliva improving the taste of all food, tongue long and broad, voice deep and resonant, eyes deep blue, eyelashes like a royal bull, a white ūrnā or curl between the eyebrows emitting light, an uṣṇīṣa or fleshy protuberance on the crown. These are from the 三藏法數 48, with which the 智度論 4, 涅盤經 28, 中阿含經, 三十ニ相經 generally agree. The 無量義經 has a different list. 三十二相經 The eleventh chapter of the 阿含經. 三十二相經願 The twenty-first of Amitābha's vows, v. 無量壽經. 三十三 trayastriṃśat. Thirty-three. 三十三天忉利天; 憺梨天, 多羅夜登陵舍; 憺利夜登陵奢; 憺利耶憺利奢 Trayastriṃśas. The Indra heaven, the second of the six heavens of form. Its capital is situated on the summit of Mt. Sumeru, where Indra rules over his thirty-two devas, who reside on thirty-two peaks of Sumeru, eight in each of the four directons. Indra's capital is called 殊勝 Sudarśana, 喜見城 Joy-view city. Its people are a yojana in height, each one's clothing weighs 六鐵 (1; 4 oz. ), and they live 1, 000 years, a day and night being equal to 100 earthly years. Eitel says Indra's heaven 'tallies in all its details with the Svarga of Brahminic mythology' and suggests that 'the whole myth may have an astronomical meaning', or be connected, with 'the atmosphere with its phenomena, which strengthens Koeppen's hypothesis explaining the number thirty-three as referring to the eight Vasus, eleven Rudras, twelve Ādityas, and two Aśvins of Vedic mythology'. In his palace called Vaijayanta 'Indra is enthroned with 1, 000 eyes with four arms grasping the vajra. There he revels in numberless sensual pleasures together with his wife Śacī... and with 119, 000 concubines with whom he associates by means of transformation'.; dvādaśa, twelve. |
十住 see styles |
shí zhù shi2 zhu4 shih chu jū jū |
The ten stages, or periods, in bodhisattva-wisdom, prajñā 般若, are the 十住; the merits or character attained are the 十地 q.v. Two interpretations may be given. In the first of these, the first four stages are likened to entry into the holy womb, the next four to the period of gestation, the ninth to birth, and the tenth to the washing or baptism with the water of wisdom, e.g. the baptism of a Kṣatriya prince. The ten stages are (1) 發心住 the purposive stage, the mind set upon Buddhahood; (2) 治地住 clear understanding and mental control; (3) 修行住 unhampered liberty in every direction; (4) 生貴住 acquiring the Tathāgata nature or seed; (5) 方便具足住 perfect adaptability and resemblance in self-development and development of others; (6) 正心住 the whole mind becoming Buddha-like; (7) 不退住 no retrogression, perfect unity and constant progress; (8) 童眞住 as a Buddha-son now complete; (9) 法王子住 as prince of the law; (10) 灌頂住 baptism as such, e.g. the consecration of kings. Another interpretation of the above is: (1) spiritual resolve, stage of śrota-āpanna; (2) submission to rule, preparation for Sakṛdāgāmin stage; (3) cultivation of virtue, attainment of Sakṛdāgāmin stage; (4) noble birth, preparation for the anāgāmin stage; (5) perfect means, attainment of anāgāmin stage; (6) right mind, preparation for arhatship; (7) no-retrogradation, the attainment of arhatship; (8) immortal youth, pratyekabuddhahood; (9) son of the law-king, the conception of bodhisattvahood; (10) baptism as the summit of attainment, the conception of Buddhahood. |
十門 十门 see styles |
shí mén shi2 men2 shih men jūmon |
The ten "doors" or connections between事 and 理; 事 is defined as 現象 form and 理 as 本體 substance; the common illustration of wave and water indicates the idea thus expressed. The 理事無礎十門 means that in ten ways form and substance are not separate, unconnected entities. (1) li the substance is always present with shih the phenomena; (2) shih is always present with li; (3) shih depends on li for its existence; (4) the shih can reveal the li; (5) the shih (mere form, which is unreal) can disappear in the li;(6) the shih can conceal the li; (7) the true li is the shih; (8) the shih is li; (9) the true li (or reality) is not the shih; (10) the shih is not the (whole) li; v. 華嚴大疏 2. 周遍含容觀十門 The fifth of the five 觀 meditations of the 華嚴宗, i.e. on li and shih, e.g. (1) the li is as the shih; (2) the shih is as the li; 理如事, 事如理 and so on. The 止觀十門 in the 宗鏡録35, also deals with li and shih chiefly for purposes of meditation. Another group, the 華嚴釋經十門, treats of the Canon and the schools. |
Entries with 2nd row of characters: The 2nd row is Simplified Chinese.
This page contains 100 results for "Means" in Chinese and/or Japanese.Information about this dictionary:
Apparently, we were the first ones who were crazy enough to think that western people might want a combined Chinese, Japanese, and Buddhist dictionary.
A lot of westerners can't tell the difference between Chinese and Japanese - and there is a reason for that. Chinese characters and even whole words were borrowed by Japan from the Chinese language in the 5th century. Much of the time, if a word or character is used in both languages, it will have the same or a similar meaning. However, this is not always true. Language evolves, and meanings independently change in each language.
Example: The Chinese character 湯 for soup (hot water) has come to mean bath (hot water) in Japanese. They have the same root meaning of "hot water", but a 湯屋 sign on a bathhouse in Japan would lead a Chinese person to think it was a "soup house" or a place to get a bowl of soup. See this: Japanese Bath House
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Chinese Buddhist terms come from Dictionary of Chinese Buddhist Terms by William Edward Soothill and Lewis Hodous. This is commonly referred to as "Soothill's'". It was first published in 1937 (and is now off copyright so we can use it here). Some of these definitions may be misleading, incomplete, or dated, but 95% of it is good information. Every professor who teaches Buddhism or Eastern Religion has a copy of this on their bookshelf. We incorporated these 16,850 entries into our dictionary database ourselves (it was lot of work).
Combined, these cover 1,007,753 Japanese, Chinese, and Buddhist characters, words, idioms, names, placenames, and short phrases.
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