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Drain the pond to get all the fish
Kill the goose that lays the golden eggs
jié zé ér yú
In 632 BC, Duke Wen of the Kingdom of Jin was about to lead an army against the forces of the Kingdom of Chu.
The Duke asked one of his advisers, Jiu Fan, how they could win the impending battle, as they were drastically outnumbered.
Jiu Fan said, “All is fair in war,” and suggested a plan of dishonorable tactics (cheating).
The Duke was unsure of this advice, so he asked another adviser, Yong Ji, who replied, “If you catch fish by draining the pond, you can certainly get all the fish. But there will be no fish the following year. You can cheat this one time in battle, but such tactics can only be used once, as the enemy will be wise in future encounters.”
The Duke heard the words of his wiser adviser but cheated to gain victory in the battle. However, he rewarded Yong Ji more than Jiu Fan at the victory celebration, stating that while Jiu Fan's advice gained one victory, the wise words of Yong Ji would last forever.
This Chinese idiom/proverb is still used, over 2600 years later to remind people not to burn bridges, cheat, or dishonor themselves in exchange for a short-term gain while sacrificing the future.
竭澤而漁 is very similar to the meaning of the English phrase, “Kill the goose that lays the golden eggs.”
Guan Yu
guān yǔ
關羽 is the name Guan Yu, Army General for the Kingdom of Shu.
He is also known as Guan Gong (like saying Duke Guan or Sir Guan)
He was immortalized in the novel, “Romance of the Three Kingdoms.”
He was a fearsome fighter, also famous for his virtue and loyalty. He is worshiped by some modern-day soldiers and has the title “Warrior Saint” in China. Some believe he offers safety and protection for military servicemen.
Guan Yu lived until 219 A.D.
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Below are some entries from our dictionary that may match your duke search...
| Characters If shown, 2nd row is Simp. Chinese |
Pronunciation Romanization |
Simple Dictionary Definition |
公 see styles |
gōng gong1 kung kou / ko こう |
public; collectively owned; common; international (e.g. high seas, metric system, calendar); make public; fair; just; Duke, highest of five orders of nobility 五等爵位[wu3 deng3 jue2 wei4]; honorable (gentlemen); father-in-law; male (animal) (1) (See 私) public affair; government matter; the state; the government; the public; (n,n-suf) (2) duke; prince; (suffix) (3) (after the name of a high-ranking person) Sir; Lord; (suffix) (4) (after a person, animal, etc.) familiar or derogatory suffix; (given name) Hiromu Public, general, official; a duke, grandparent, gentleman; just, fair. |
瓛 see styles |
huán huan2 huan |
(old) jade tablet or scepter held by a duke at ceremonies |
公妃 see styles |
kouhi / kohi こうひ |
noble's consort; consort of a prince; consort of a duke; duchess; princess; (female given name) Kimihi |
公爵 see styles |
gōng jué gong1 jue2 kung chüeh koushaku / koshaku こうしゃく |
duke; dukedom (See 五等爵) prince; duke |
列侯 see styles |
liè hóu lie4 hou2 lieh hou rekkou / rekko れっこう |
duke (old); nobleman; gentry (hist) many daimyo |
周公 see styles |
zhōu gōng zhou1 gong1 chou kung shuukou / shuko しゅうこう |
Duke of Zhou (11th c. BC), son of King Wen of Zhou 周文王[Zhou1 Wen2 wang2], played an important role as regent in founding the Western Zhou 西周[Xi1 Zhou1], and is also known as the "God of Dreams" (personal name) Shuukou |
大公 see styles |
dà gōng da4 gong1 ta kung taikou / taiko たいこう |
grand duke; impartial (noun - becomes adjective with の) archduke |
李靖 see styles |
lǐ jìng li3 jing4 li ching risei / rise りせい |
Li Jing (570-649 AD), Tang Dynasty general and purported author of "Duke Li of Wei Answering Emperor Taizong of Tang" 唐太宗李衛公問對|唐太宗李卫公问对[Tang2 Tai4 zong1 Li3 Wei4 Gong1 Wen4 dui4], one of the Seven Military Classics of ancient China 武經七書|武经七书[Wu3 jing1 Qi1 shu1] (personal name) Risei |
桓公 see styles |
kankou / kanko かんこう |
(person) Duke Huan (Qi ruler) (685-643 BC) |
沛公 see styles |
pèi gōng pei4 gong1 p`ei kung pei kung haikou / haiko はいこう |
Duke of Pei (i.e. 劉邦|刘邦[Liu2 Bang1]) (personal name) Haikou |
爵位 see styles |
jué wèi jue2 wei4 chüeh wei shakui しゃくい |
order of feudal nobility, namely: Duke 公[gong1], Marquis 侯[hou2], Count 伯[bo2], Viscount 子[zi3], Baron 男[nan2] peerage; court rank |
雷公 see styles |
léi gōng lei2 gong1 lei kung raikou / raiko らいこう |
Lei Gong or Duke of Thunder, the God of Thunder in Chinese mythology (colloquialism) thunder |
介之推 see styles |
jiè zhī tuī jie4 zhi1 tui1 chieh chih t`ui chieh chih tui |
Jie Zhitui (7th century BC), legendary selfless subject of Duke Wen of Jin 晉文公|晋文公[Jin4 Wen2 gong1], in whose honor the Qingming festival 清明[Qing1 ming2] (Pure brightness or tomb-sweeping festival) is said to have been initiated |
威靈頓 威灵顿 see styles |
wēi líng dùn wei1 ling2 dun4 wei ling tun |
Wellington, capital of New Zealand (Tw); Wellington (name); Arthur Wellesley, Duke of Wellington (1769-1851) |
宋襄公 see styles |
sòng xiāng gōng song4 xiang1 gong1 sung hsiang kung |
Duke Xiang of Song (reigned 650-637 BC), sometimes considered one of the Five Hegemons 春秋五霸 |
晉文公 晋文公 see styles |
jìn wén gōng jin4 wen2 gong1 chin wen kung |
Duke Wen of Jin (697-628 BC, reigned 636-628 BC), one of the Five Hegemons 春秋五霸[Chun1 qiu1 Wu3 ba4] |
李衛公 李卫公 see styles |
lǐ wèi gōng li3 wei4 gong1 li wei kung |
Li Wei Gong; Duke Li of Wei, official title of Li Jing 李靖[Li3 Jing4] |
秦孝公 see styles |
qín xiào gōng qin2 xiao4 gong1 ch`in hsiao kung chin hsiao kung |
Duke Xiao of Qin, 秦國|秦国[Qin2 guo2], ruled 361-338 BC during the Warring States Period |
秦穆公 see styles |
qín mù gōng qin2 mu4 gong1 ch`in mu kung chin mu kung |
Duke Mu of Qin, the first substantial king of Qin (ruled 659-621 BC), sometimes considered one of the Five Hegemons 春秋五霸 |
齊桓公 齐桓公 see styles |
qí huán gōng qi2 huan2 gong1 ch`i huan kung chi huan kung |
Duke Huan of Qi (reigned 685-643 BC), one of the Five Hegemons 春秋五霸 |
デューク see styles |
deuuku / deuku デューク |
duke; (personal name) Duke |
五等爵位 see styles |
wǔ děng jué wèi wu3 deng3 jue2 wei4 wu teng chüeh wei |
five orders of feudal nobility, namely: Duke 公[gong1], Marquis 侯[hou2], Count 伯[bo2], Viscount 子[zi3], Baron 男[nan2] |
春秋五霸 see styles |
chūn qiū wǔ bà chun1 qiu1 wu3 ba4 ch`un ch`iu wu pa chun chiu wu pa |
the Five Hegemons of the Spring and Autumn period (770-476 BC), namely: Duke Huan of Qi 齊桓公|齐桓公[Qi2 Huan2 gong1], Duke Wen of Jin 晉文公|晋文公[Jin4 Wen2 gong1], King Zhuang of Chu 楚莊王|楚庄王[Chu3 Zhuang1 wang2], and alternatively Duke Xiang of Song 宋襄公[Song4 Xiang1 gong1] and Duke Mu of Qin 秦穆公[Qin2 Mu4 gong1] or King Helu of Wu 吳王闔閭|吴王阖闾[Wu2 wang2 He2 Lu:2] and King Gou Jian of Yue 越王勾踐|越王勾践[Yue4 wang2 Gou1 Jian4] |
武經七書 武经七书 see styles |
wǔ jīng qī shū wu3 jing1 qi1 shu1 wu ching ch`i shu wu ching chi shu |
Seven Military Classics of ancient China viz "Six Secret Strategic Teachings" 六韜|六韬[Liu4 tao1], "Methods of Sima" 司馬法|司马法[Si1 ma3 Fa3], "The Art of War" 孫子兵法|孙子兵法[Sun1 zi3 Bing1 fa3], "Wuzi" 吳子|吴子[Wu2 zi3], "Wei Liaozi" 尉繚子|尉缭子[Wei4 Liao2 zi5], "Three Strategies of Huang Shigong" 黃石公三略|黄石公三略[Huang2 Shi2 gong1 San1 lu:e4] and "Duke Li of Wei Answering Emperor Taizong of Tang" 唐太宗李衛公問對|唐太宗李卫公问对[Tang2 Tai4 zong1 Li3 Wei4 Gong1 Wen4 dui4] |
玉人吹簫 玉人吹箫 see styles |
yù rén chuī xiāo yu4 ren2 chui1 xiao1 yü jen ch`ui hsiao yü jen chui hsiao |
virtuoso piper wins a beauty; the xiao 簫|箫[xiao1] (mouth organ) virtuoso 蕭史|萧史[Xiao1 Shi3] won for his wife the beautiful daughter of Duke Mu of Qin 秦穆公[Qin2 Mu4 gong1] |
驪姬之亂 骊姬之乱 see styles |
lí jī zhī luàn li2 ji1 zhi1 luan4 li chi chih luan |
Li Ji Rebellion in 657-651 BC, where concubine Li Ji tried to throne her son but was eventually defeated by Duke Wen of Jin 晉文公|晋文公[Jin4 Wen2 gong1] |
公侯伯子男 see styles |
koukouhakushidan / kokohakushidan こうこうはくしだん |
(hist) (See 公爵・こうしゃく,侯爵・こうしゃく,伯爵・はくしゃく,子爵・ししゃく,男爵・だんしゃく・1,五等爵) duke, marquis, count, viscount and baron; five ranks of nobility |
デューク大学 see styles |
deuukudaigaku / deukudaigaku デュークだいがく |
(org) Duke University; (o) Duke University |
パティデューク see styles |
patideuuku / patideuku パティデューク |
(personal name) Patty Duke |
唐太宗李衛公問對 唐太宗李卫公问对 see styles |
táng tài zōng lǐ wèi gōng wèn duì tang2 tai4 zong1 li3 wei4 gong1 wen4 dui4 t`ang t`ai tsung li wei kung wen tui tang tai tsung li wei kung wen tui |
"Duke Li of Wei Answering Emperor Taizong of Tang", military treatise attributed to Li Jing 李靖[Li3 Jing4] and one of the Seven Military Classics of ancient China 武經七書|武经七书[Wu3 jing1 Qi1 shu1] |
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The following table may be helpful for those studying Chinese or Japanese...
| Title | Characters | Romaji (Romanized Japanese) | Various forms of Romanized Chinese | |
| Drain the pond to get all the fish | 竭澤而漁 竭泽而渔 | jié zé ér yú jie2 ze2 er2 yu2 jie ze er yu jiezeeryu | chieh tse erh yü chiehtseerhyü |
|
| Guan Yu | 關羽 关羽 | guān yǔ / guan1 yu3 / guan yu / guanyu | kuan yü / kuanyü | |
| In some entries above you will see that characters have different versions above and below a line. In these cases, the characters above the line are Traditional Chinese, while the ones below are Simplified Chinese. | ||||
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