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| Characters | Pronunciation Romanization |
Simple Dictionary Definition |
三諦 三谛 see styles |
sān dì san1 di4 san ti santai; sandai さんたい; さんだい |
More info & calligraphy: The Three TruthsThe three dogmas. The "middle" school of Tiantai says 卽空, 卽假. 卽中 i.e. 就是空, 假, 中; (a) by 空śūnya is meant that things causally produced are intheir essential nature unreal (or immaterial) 實空無; (b) 假, though thingsare unreal in their essential nature their derived forms are real; (c) 中;but both are one, being of the one 如 reality. These three dogmas arefounded on a verse of Nāgārjuna's— 因緣所生法, 我說卽是空 亦爲是假名, 亦是中道義 "All causally produced phenomena, I say, areunreal, Are but a passing name, and indicate the 'mean'." There are otherexplanations— the 圓教 interprets the 空 and 假 as 中; the 別教 makes 中 independent. 空 is the all, i.e. the totality of all things, and is spokenof as the 眞 or 實 true, or real; 假 is the differentiation of all thingsand is spoken of as 俗 common, i.e. things as commonly named; 中 is theconnecting idea which makes a unity of both, e.g. "all are but parts of onestupendous whole." The 中 makes all and the all into one whole, unifying thewhole and its parts. 空 may be taken as the immaterial, the undifferentiatedall, the sum of existences, by some as the tathāgatagarbha 如來藏; 假as theunreal, or impermanent, the material or transient form, the temporal thatcan be named, the relative or discrete; 中 as the unifier, which places eachin the other and all in all. The "shallower" 山外 school associated 空 and 中 with the noumenal universe as opposed to the phenomenal and illusoryexistence represented by 假. The "profounder" 山内 school teaches that allthree are aspects of the same. |
七祖 see styles |
qī zǔ qi1 zu3 ch`i tsu chi tsu shichiso |
(1) The seven founders of the 華嚴 Huayan School, whose names are given as 馬鳴 Aśvaghoṣa, 龍樹 Nāgārjuna 杜順 (i.e. 法順) , Zhiyan 智儼, Fazang 法藏, Chengguan 澄觀 and Zongmi 宗密; (2) the seven founders of the 禪Chan School, i.e. 達磨 or 菩提達磨 Bodhidharma, Huike 慧可, Sengcan 僧璨, Daoxin 道信, Hongren 弘忍, Huineng 慧能 and Heze 荷澤 (or Shenhui 神曾); (3) The seven founders of the 淨土 Pure Land School, i.e. Nagarjuna, 世親 Vasubandhu, Tanluan 曇鸞, Daochuo 道綽, Shandao 善導, Yuanxin 源信 and Yuankong 源空 (or Faran 法然), whose teaching is contained in the Qizushengjiao 七祖聖教. |
中論 中论 see styles |
zhōng lùn zhong1 lun4 chung lun Chūron |
中觀論 Prāñnyāya-mūla-śāstra-ṭīkā, or Prāṇyamula-śāstra-ṭīkā; the Mādhyamika-śāstra, attributed to the bodhisattvas Nāgārjuna as creator, and Nīlacakṣus as compiler; tr. by Kumārajīva A. D. 409. It is the principal work of the Mādhyamika, or Middle School, attributed to Nāgārjuna. Versions only exist in Chinese and Tibetan; an English translation by Miyamoto exists and publication is promised; a German version is by Walleser. The 中論 is the first and most?? important of the 三論 q. v. The teaching of this School is found additionally in the 順中論; 般若燈論釋大乘中觀釋論 and 中論疏. Cf. 中道. The doctrine opposes the rigid categories of existence and non-existence 假 and 空, and denies the two extremes of production (or creation) and nonproduction and other antitheses, in the interests of a middle or superior way. |
八不 see styles |
bā bù ba1 bu4 pa pu hachifu |
The eight negations of Nagarjuna, founder of the Mādhyamika or Middle School 三論宗. The four pairs are "neither birth nor death, neither end nor permanence, neither identity nor difference, neither coming nor going." These are the eight negations; add "neither cause nor effect"and there are the 十不 ten negations; v. 八迷. |
四教 see styles |
sì jiào si4 jiao4 ssu chiao shikyō |
Four teachings, doctrines, or schools; five groups are given, whose titles are abbreviated to 光天曉苑龍: (1) 光宅四教 The four schools of 法雲 Fayun of the 光宅 Guangzhai monastery are the four vehicles referred to in the burning house parable of the Lotus Sutra, i. e. śrāvaka, pratyekabuddha, bodhisattva, and the final or one vehicle teaching. (2) 天台四教 The Tiantai four are 藏通, 別, and 圓, v. 八教. (3) 曉公四教 The group of 元曉 Wŏnhyo of 海東 Haedong are the 三乘別教 represented by the 四諦緣起經; 三乘通教 represented by the 般若深密教; 一乘分教 represented by the 究網經; and 一乘滿教 represented by the 華嚴經. (4) 苑公四教 The group of 慧苑 Huiyuan: the schools of unbelievers, who are misled and mislead; of śrāvakas and pratyekabuddhas who know only the phenomenal bhūtatathatā; of novitiate bodhisattvas who know only the noumenal bhūtatathatā; and of fully developed bodhisattvas, who know both. (5) 龍樹四教 Nāgārjuna's division of the canon into 有 dealing with existence, or reality, cf. the 四阿含; 空 the Void, cf. 般若經; 亦有亦 空 both, cf. 深密經; and 非有非 空 neither, cf. 中論. |
四日 see styles |
sì rì si4 ri4 ssu jih yotsuka よつか |
(1) fourth day of the month; (2) four days; (surname) Yotsuka catvāraḥ sūryāḥ the four suns, i. e. Aśvaghoṣa, Devabodhisattva, Nāgārjuna, and Kumāralabdha (or -lata). |
四論 四论 see styles |
sì lùn si4 lun4 ssu lun shiron |
Four famous śāstras: (1) 中觀論Prāṇyamūla-śāstraṭīkā by Nāgārjuna, four juan; (2) 百論 Śata-śāstra by devabodhisattva, two juan; (3) 十二門論 Dvādaśanikāya(-mukha)-śāstra by Nāgārjuna, one juan; (4) 大智度論 Mahāprajñāpāramitā-śāstra by Nāgārjuna, 100 juan. During the Sui dynasty the followers of these four śāstras formed the 四論宗. |
大乘 see styles |
dà shèng da4 sheng4 ta sheng oonori おおのり |
Mahayana, the Great Vehicle; Buddhism based on the Mayahana sutras, as spread to Central Asia, China and beyond; also pr. [Da4 cheng2] (surname) Oonori Mahāyāna; also called 上乘; 妙乘; 勝乘; 無上乘; 無上上乘; 不惡乘; 無等乘, 無等等乘; 摩訶衍 The great yāna, wain, or conveyance, or the greater vehicle in comparison with the 小乘 Hīnayāna. It indicates universalism, or Salvation for all, for all are Buddha and will attain bodhi. It is the form of Buddhism prevalent in Tibet, Mongolia, China, Korea, Japan, and in other places in the Far East. It is also called Northern Buddhism. It is interpreted as 大教 the greater teaching as compared with 小教 the smaller, or inferior. Hīnayāna, which is undoubtedly nearer to the original teaching of the Buddha, is unfairly described as an endeavour to seek nirvana through an ash-covered body, an extinguished intellect, and solitariness; its followers are sravakas and pratyekabuddhas (i.e. those who are striving for their own deliverance through ascetic works). Mahāyāna, on the other hand, is described as seeking to find and extend all knowledge, and, in certain schools, to lead all to Buddhahood. It has a conception of an Eternal Buddha, or Buddhahood as Eternal (Adi-Buddha), but its especial doctrines are, inter alia, (a) the bodhisattvas 菩薩 , i.e. beings who deny themselves final Nirvana until, according to their vows, they have first saved all the living; (b) salvation by faith in, or invocation of the Buddhas or bodhisattvas; (c) Paradise as a nirvana of bliss in the company of Buddhas, bodhisattvas, saints, and believers. Hīnayāna is sometimes described as 自利 self-benefiting, and Mahāyāna as 自利利他 self-benefit for the benefit of others, unlimited altruism and pity being the theory of Mahāyāna. There is a further division into one-yana and three-yanas: the trīyāna may be śrāvaka, pratyeka-buddha, and bodhisattva, represented by a goat, deer, or bullock cart; the one-yāna is that represented by the Lotus School as the one doctrine of the Buddha, which had been variously taught by him according to the capacity of his hearers, v. 方便. Though Mahāyāna tendencies are seen in later forms of the older Buddhism, the foundation of Mahāyāna has been attributed to Nāgārjuna 龍樹. "The characteristics of this system are an excess of transcendental speculation tending to abstract nihilism, and the substitution of fanciful degrees of meditation and contemplation (v. Samādhi and Dhyāna) in place of the practical asceticism of the Hīnayāna school."[Eitel 68-9.] Two of its foundation books are the 起信論and the 妙法蓮華經 but a larnge numberof Mahāyāna sutras are ascribed to the Buddha。. |
天仙 see styles |
tiān xiān tian1 xian1 t`ien hsien tien hsien tensen てんせん |
immortal (esp. female); deity; fairy; Goddess; fig. beautiful woman (See 仙人・せんにん・1) heavenly immortal (in Taoism); (given name) Tensen deva-ṛṣi, or devas and rsis, or immortals. Nāgārjuna gives ten classes of ṛṣis whose lifetime is 100, 000 years, then they are reincarnated. Another category is fivefold: 天仙 deva-ṛṣis in the mountains round Sumeru: 神仙 spirit-ṛṣis who roam the air: 人仙 humans who have attained the powers of immortals; 地仙 earth ṛṣis, subterranean; 鬼仙 pretas, or malevolent ṛṣis. |
天神 see styles |
tiān shén tian1 shen2 t`ien shen tien shen tenjin てんじん |
god; deity (1) (also pronounced てんしん) heavenly god; heavenly gods; (2) spirit of Sugawara no Michizane; (3) (See 天満宮) Tenmangu shrine (dedicated to Michizane's spirit); (4) (colloquialism) (See 梅干し) pit of a dried plum; dried plum; (5) (abbreviation) (See 天神髷) tenjin hairstyle; (6) prostitute of the second-highest class (Edo period); (7) (See 転軫) tuning peg (on a biwa or shamisen); (place-name, surname) Tenjin deva 提婆 or devatā 泥縛多. (1) Brahma and the gods in general, including the inhabitants of the devalokas, all subject to metem-psychosis. (2) The fifteenth patriarch, a native of South India, or Ceylon and disciple of Nāgārjuna; he is also styled Devabodhisattva 提婆菩薩, Āryadeva 聖天, and Nilanetra 靑目 blue-eyed, or 分別明 clear discriminator. He was the author of nine works and a famous antagonist of Brahmanism. |
天親 天亲 see styles |
tiān qīn tian1 qin1 t`ien ch`in tien chin amachika あまちか |
one's flesh and blood (surname) Amachika Vasubandhu, 伐蘇畔度; 婆藪槃豆 (or 婆修槃豆) (or 婆修槃陀) 'akin to the gods ', or 世親 'akin to the world'. Vasubandhu is described as a native of Puruṣapura, or Peshawar, by Eitel as of Rājagriha, born '900 years after the nirvana', or about A. D. 400; Takakusu suggests 420-500, Peri puts his death not later than 350. In Eitel's day the date of his death was put definitely at A. D. 117. Vasubandhu's great work, the Abhidharmakośa, is only one of his thirty-six works. He is said to be the younger brother of Asaṅga of the Yogācāra school, by whom he was converted from the Sarvāstivāda school of thought to that of Mahāyāna and of Nāgārjuna. On his conversion he would have 'cut out his tongue' for its past heresy, but was dissuaded by his brother, who bade him use the same tongue to correct his errors, whereupon he wrote the 唯識論 and other Mahayanist works. He is called the twenty-first patriarch and died in Ayodhya. |
宗派 see styles |
zōng pài zong1 pai4 tsung p`ai tsung pai shuuha / shuha しゅうは |
sect (1) sect; denomination; (2) school (e.g. of poetry) Sects (of Buddhism). In India, according to Chinese accounts, the two schools of Hīnayāna became divided into twentysects. Mahāyāna had two main schools, the Mādhyamika, ascribed to Nāgārjunaand Āryadeva about the second century A. D., and the Yogācārya, ascribed toAsaṅga and Vasubandhu in the fourth century A. D. In China thirteen sectswere founded: (1) 倶舍宗 Abhidharma or Kośa sect, representing Hīnayāna,based upon the Abhidharma-kosa-śāstra or 倶舍論. (2) 成實宗 Satyasiddhi sect, based on the 成實論 Satyasiddhi-śāstra,tr. by Kumārajīva; no sect corresponds to it in India; in China and Japan itbecame incorporated in the 三論宗. (3) 律宗 Vinaya or Discipline sect, basedon 十誦律, 四分律, 僧祗律, etc. (4) 三論宗 The three śāstra sect, based on theMādhyamika-śāstra 中觀論 of Nāgārjuna, theSata-śāstra 百論 of Āryadeva, and theDvādasa-nikāya-śāstra 十二門論 of Nāgārjuna; this schooldates back to the translation of the three śāstras by Kumārajīva in A. D. 409. (5) 涅槃宗 Nirvāṇasect, based upon the Mahāparinirvāṇa-sūtra 涅槃經 tr. byDharmaraksa in 423; later incorporated in Tiantai, with which it had much incommon. (6) 地論宗 Daśabhūmikā sect, based on Vasubandhu's work on the tenstages of the bodhisattva's path to Buddhahood, tr. by Bodhiruci 508,absorbed by the Avataṃsaka school, infra. (7) 淨土宗 Pure-land or Sukhāvatīsect, founded in China by Bodhiruci; its doctrine was salvation throughfaith in Amitābha into the Western Paradise. (8) 禪宗 dhyāna, meditative or intuitional sect, attributed toBodhidharma about A. D. 527, but it existed before he came to China. (9) 攝論宗, based upon the 攝大乘論 Mahāyāna-saṃparigraha-śāstra byAsaṅga, tr. by Paramārtha in 563, subsequently absorbed by the Avataṃsakasect. (10) 天台宗 Tiantai, based on the 法華經 SaddharmapuṇḍarīkaSūtra, or the Lotus of the Good Law; it is aconsummation of the Mādhyamika tradition. (11) 華嚴宗 Avataṃsaka sect, basedon the Buddhāvataṃsaka-sūtra, or Gandha-vyūha 華嚴經 tr. in 418. (12) 法相宗 Dharmalakṣaṇa sect, established after thereturn of Xuanzang from India and his trans. of the important Yogācāryaworks. (13) 眞言宗 Mantra sect, A. D. 716. In Japan twelve sects are named:Sanron, Hossō, Kegon, Kusha, Jōjitsu, Ritsu, Tendai, Shingon; these areknown as the ancient sects, the two last being styled mediaeval; therefollow the Zen and Jōdo; the remaining two are Shin and Nichiren; at presentthere are the Hossō, Kegon, Tendai, Shingon, Zen, Jōdo, Shin, and Nichirensects. |
有教 see styles |
yǒu jiào you3 jiao4 yu chiao yuukyou / yukyo ゆうきょう |
(given name) Yūkyō The realistic school as opposed to the 空教 teaching of unreality; especially (1) the Hīnayāna teaching of the 倶舍宗 Abhidharmakośa school of Vasubandhu, opposed to the 成實宗 Satya-siddhi school of Harivarman; (2) the Mahāyāna 法相宗 Dharma-lakṣana school, also called the 唯識宗, founded in China by Xuanzang, opposed to the 三論宗 Mādhyamika school of Nāgārjuna. |
淸辯 淸辩 see styles |
qīng biàn qing1 bian4 ch`ing pien ching pien Shōben |
Bhāvaviveka, a noted Buddhist philosopher circa A.D. 600, a follower of Nāgārjuna. |
虬宮 虬宫 see styles |
qiú gōng qiu2 gong1 ch`iu kung chiu kung kyūgū |
The dragon palace in which Nāgārjuna recited the 華嚴經 Huayan jing. |
龍天 龙天 see styles |
lóng tiān long2 tian1 lung t`ien lung tien riyuuten / riyuten りゆうてん |
(personal name) Riyūten Dragon kings and devas; also Nāgārjuna and Vasubandhu. |
龍樹 龙树 see styles |
lóng shù long2 shu4 lung shu ryuuju / ryuju りゅうじゅ |
Nāgārjuna (c. 150-250 AD), Buddhist philosopher (surname, female given name) Ryūju Nāgārjuna, v. 那. |
龍猛 龙猛 see styles |
lóng měng long2 meng3 lung meng |
Nāgārjuna, v. 那. |
三論宗 三论宗 see styles |
sān lùn zōng san1 lun4 zong1 san lun tsung sanronshuu / sanronshu さんろんしゅう |
Three Treatise School (Buddhism) Sanron sect (of Buddhism) The Sanlun, Mādhyamika, or Middle School, founded in India by Nāgārjuna, in China by 嘉祥 Jiaxiang during the reign of 安帝 An Di, Eastern Jin, A.D. 397-419. It flourished up to the latter part of the Tang dynasty. In 625 it was carried to Japan as Sanron. After the death of Jiaxiang, who wrote the 三論玄義, a northern and southern division took place. While the Mādhyamika denied the reality of all phenomenal existence, and defined the noumenal world in negative terms, its aim seems not to have been nihilistic, but the advocacy of a reality beyond human conception and expression, which in our terminology may be termed a spiritual realm. |
大乘宗 see styles |
dà shèng zōng da4 sheng4 zong1 ta sheng tsung daijō shū |
The school of Mahāyāna, attributed to the rise in India of the Mādhyamika, i.e. the 中觀 or 三論 school ascribed to Nāgārjuna, and the Yoga 瑜伽 or Dharmalakṣaṇa 法相 school, the other schools being Hīnayāna. In China and Japan the 倶舍 and 成實 are classed as Hīnayāna, the rest being Mahāyāna , of which the principal schools are 律, 法相 , 三論, 華嚴, 天台, 眞言 , 淨土 , 禪 q.v. |
提婆宗 see styles |
tí pó zōng ti2 po2 zong1 t`i p`o tsung ti po tsung Daiba Shū |
The school of Nāgārjuna, so called after Āryadeva, infra. |
無相佛 无相佛 see styles |
wú xiàng fó wu2 xiang4 fo2 wu hsiang fo musō butsu |
nirlakṣana-buddha; alakṣanabuddha; the Buddha without the thirty-two or eighty marks, i.e. Nāgārjuna. |
眞言宗 see styles |
zhēn yán zōng zhen1 yan2 zong1 chen yen tsung Shingon Shū |
The True-word or Shingon sect, founded on the mystical teaching 'of all Buddhas,' the 'very words ' of the Buddhas; the especial authority being Vairocana; cf. the 大日 sutra, 金剛頂經; 蘇悉地經, etc. The founding of the esoteric sect is attributed to Vairocana, through the imaginary Bodhisattva Vajrasattva, then through Nāgārjuna to Vajramati and to Amoghavajra, circa A.D. 733; the latter became the effective propagator of the Yogācāra school in China; he is counted as the sixth patriarch of the school and the second in China. The three esoteric duties of body, mouth, and mind are to hold the symbol in the hand, recite the dhāraṇīs, and ponder over the word 'a' 阿 as the principle of the ungenerated, i.e. the eternal. |
聖提婆 圣提婆 see styles |
shèng tí pó sheng4 ti2 po2 sheng t`i p`o sheng ti po Shōdaiba |
Āryadeva, or Devabodhisattva, a native of Ceylon and disciple of Nāgārjuna, famous for his writings and discussions. |
阿彌陀 阿弥陀 see styles |
ā mí tuó a1 mi2 tuo2 a mi t`o a mi to Amida あみだ |
(out-dated kanji) (1) (Buddhist term) Amitabha (Buddha); Amida; (2) (kana only) (abbreviation) ghostleg lottery; ladder lottery; lottery in which participants trace a line across a lattice pattern to determine the winner; (3) (kana only) (abbreviation) wearing a hat pushed back on one's head (阿彌) amita, boundless, infinite; tr. by 無量 immeasurable. The Buddha of infinite qualities, known as 阿彌陀婆 (or 阿彌陀佛) Amitābha, tr. 無量光 boundless light; 阿彌陀廋斯Amitāyus, tr. 無量壽 boundless age, or life; and among the esoteric sects Amṛta 甘露 (甘露王) sweet-dew (king). An imaginary being unknown to ancient Buddhism, possibly of Persian or Iranian origin, who has eclipsed the historical Buddha in becoming the most popular divinity in the Mahāyāna pantheon. His name indicates an idealization rather than an historic personality, the idea of eternal light and life. The origin and date of the concept are unknown, but he has always been associated with the west, where in his Paradise, Suikhāvatī, the Western Pure Land, he receives to unbounded happiness all who call upon his name (cf. the Pure Lands 淨土 of Maitreya and Akṣobhya). This is consequent on his forty-eight vows, especially the eighteenth, in which he vows to refuse Buddhahood until he has saved all living beings to his Paradise, except those who had committed the five unpardonable sins, or were guilty of blasphemy against the Faith. While his Paradise is theoretically only a stage on the way to rebirth in the final joys of nirvana, it is popularly considered as the final resting-place of those who cry na-mo a-mi-to-fo, or blessed be, or adoration to, Amita Buddha. The 淨土 Pure-land (Jap. Jōdo) sect is especially devoted to this cult, which arises chiefly out of the Sukhāvatīvyūha, but Amita is referred to in many other texts and recognized, with differing interpretations and emphasis, by the other sects. Eitel attributes the first preaching of the dogma to 'a priest from Tokhara' in A. D.147, and says that Faxian and Xuanzang make no mention of the cult. But the Chinese pilgrim 慧日Huiri says he found it prevalent in India 702-719. The first translation of the Amitāyus Sutra, circa A.D. 223-253, had disappeared when the Kaiyuan catalogue was compiled A.D. 730. The eighteenth vow occurs in the tr. by Dharmarakṣa A.D. 308. With Amita is closely associated Avalokiteśvara, who is also considered as his incarnation, and appears crowned with, or bearing the image of Amita. In the trinity of Amita, Avalokiteśvara appears on his left and Mahāsthāmaprāpta on his right. Another group, of five, includes Kṣitigarbha and Nāgārjuna, the latter counted as the second patriarch of the Pure Land sect. One who calls on the name of Amitābha is styled 阿彌陀聖 a saint of Amitābha. Amitābha is one of the Five 'dhyāni buddhas' 五佛, q.v. He has many titles, amongst which are the following twelve relating to him as Buddha of light, also his title of eternal life: 無量光佛Buddha of boundless light; 無邊光佛 Buddha of unlimited light; 無礙光佛 Buddha of irresistible light; 無對光佛 Buddha of incomparable light; 燄王光佛 Buddha of yama or flame-king light; 淸淨光佛 Buddha of pure light; 歡喜光佛 Buddha of joyous light; 智慧光佛 Buddha of wisdom light; 不斷光佛 Buddha of unending light; 難思光佛 Buddha of inconceivable light; 無稱光佛Buddha of indescribable light; 超日月光佛 Buddha of light surpassing that of sun and moon; 無量壽 Buddha of boundless age. As buddha he has, of course, all the attributes of a buddha, including the trikāya, or 法報化身, about which in re Amita there are differences of opinion in the various schools. His esoteric germ-letter is hrīḥ, and he has specific manual-signs. Cf. 阿彌陀經, of which with commentaries there are numerous editions. |
阿順那 阿顺那 see styles |
ā shùn nà a1 shun4 na4 a shun na ajunna |
arjuna, white, silvery; the tree terminalia arjuna; part of the name of 那伽閼剌樹那, Nāgārjuna. q.v. Also 阿闍那; 阿周陀那; 頞陀那; 夷離淳那. |
頞順那 頞顺那 see styles |
è shùn nà e4 shun4 na4 o shun na |
v. 阿 Arjuna. |
二十八祖 see styles |
èr shí bā zǔ er4 shi2 ba1 zu3 erh shih pa tsu nijūhasso |
The twenty-eight Buddhist patriarchs as stated by the Mahāyānists. The Tiantai school reckons twenty-three, or twenty-four, with the addition of Śaṇakavāsa, contemporary with his predecessors, but the Chan school reckons twenty-eight: (1) Mahākāśyapa, 摩訶迦葉 (摩訶迦葉波); (2) Ānanda, 阿難; (3) Śāṇakavāsa, 商那和修; 4) Upagupta, 優婆毱多; (5) Dhṛṭaka, 提多迦; (6) Mikkaka, or Miccaka, or Micchaka, 彌遮迦; (7) Vasumitra, 婆須蜜; (8) Buddhanandi, 佛陀難提; (9) Buddhamitra, 伏駄蜜多; (10) Pārśva, or Pārśvika, 波栗溼縛or 脇尊者; (11) Puṇyayaśas 那尊耶舍; (12) Aśvaghoṣa, 馬鳴大士; (13) Kapimala, 迦毘摩羅; (14) Nāgārjuna, 龍樹; (15) Kāṇadeva, 迦那提婆; (16) Rāhulata, 羅睺羅多; (17) Saṅghanandi, 僧伽難提; (18) Gayāśata, 伽耶舍多; (19) Kumārata, 鳩摩羅多; (20) Jayata, 闍夜多; (21) Vasubandhu, 婆修盤頭; (22) Manorhita, 摩撃羅; (23) Haklena, 鶴輸勒; (24) Ārasiṁha, 師子尊者; (25) Basiasita, 婆舍新多; (26) Puṇyamitra, 不如密多; (27) Prajñātāra, 般若多羅; (28) Bodhidharma, 菩提達磨. |
伊葉波羅 伊叶波罗 see styles |
yī shě bō luó yi1 she3 bo1 luo2 i she po lo Ishōhara |
Iśvara 伊溼伐羅 (1) King, sovereign; Siva and others; intp. by 自在 self-existing, independent; applied to Guanyin and other popular deities. (2) A śramaṇa of the West, learned in the Tripiṭaka, who inter alia translated A. D. 426 Samyuktābhidharma-hṛdaya-śāstra, lost since A. D. 730. (3) A bhikṣu of India, commentator on 菩提資糧論 attributed to Nāgārjuna, tr. by Dharmagupta, A. D. 590-616. |
伽那提婆 see styles |
qien à tí pó qien2 a4 ti2 po2 qien a t`i p`o qien a ti po Ganadaiba |
Kāṇadeva, i.e. Āryadeva, fifteenth patriarch, disciple of Nāgārjuna, v. 迦. |
佛陀波利 see styles |
fó tuó bō lì fo2 tuo2 bo1 li4 fo t`o po li fo to po li Buddahari |
Buddhapāla, came from Kabul to China 676; also Buddhapālita, a disciple of Nāgārjuna and founder of the 中論性教. |
十二門論 十二门论 see styles |
shí èr mén lùn shi2 er4 men2 lun4 shih erh men lun Jūnimon ron |
Dvāda-śanikāya Śastra. One of the 三論, composed by Nāgārjuna, translated by Kumārajīva A.D. 408. There are several works on it. |
千部論師 千部论师 see styles |
qiān bù lùn shī qian1 bu4 lun4 shi1 ch`ien pu lun shih chien pu lun shih senbu ronshi |
(or 千部論主) Master of a thousand śāstras―a title of Nāgārjuna and of Vasubandhu. |
大智度論 大智度论 see styles |
dà zhì dù lùn da4 zhi4 du4 lun4 ta chih tu lun Dai chido ron |
A śāstra ascribed to Nāgārjuna on the greater Prajna-paramita sutra; the sastra was tr. by Kumārajīva, A.D. 397―415, in 100 chuan. |
天台九神 see styles |
tiān tái jiǔ shén tian1 tai2 jiu3 shen2 t`ien t`ai chiu shen tien tai chiu shen Tentai kujin |
The nine patriarchs of the Tiantai sect: 龍樹 Nāgārjuna; 慧文 Hui-wen of the 北齊 Northern Qi dynasty; 慧思 Huici of 南嶽 Nanyue; 智者 (or 智顗) Zhizhe, or Zhiyi; 灌頂 Guanding of 章安 Changan; 法華 Fahua; 天宮 Tiangung; 左溪 Zuoxi; and 湛然 Zhanran of 荊溪. The ten patriarchs 十祖 are the above nine with 道邃 Daosui considered a patriarch in Japan, because he was the teacher of Dengyo Daishi who brought the Tendai system to that country in the ninth century. Some name Huiwen and Huici as the first and second patriarchs of the school of thought developed by Zhiyi at Tiantai; v. 天台宗. |
天宮寳藏 see styles |
bǎo cáng bao3 cang2 pao ts`ang pao tsang |
A library of the sutras. The treasury of all the sutras in the Tuṣita Heaven in Maitreya's palace. Another collection is said to be in the 龍宮 or Dragon's palace, but is associated with Nāgārjuna. |
娑多婆那 see styles |
suō duō pó nà suo1 duo1 po2 na4 so to p`o na so to po na Shatabana |
(娑多婆漢那) Sadvāhana, Śātavāhana, name of a royal patron of Nāgārjuna. |
媻毗吠伽 see styles |
pán pí fèi qié pan2 pi2 fei4 qie2 p`an p`i fei ch`ieh pan pi fei chieh Babibaika |
Bhāvaviveka, a disciple of Nāgārjuna, who retired to a rock cavern to await the coming of Maitreya. |
媻毘吠伽 媻毗吠伽 see styles |
pán pí fèi qié pan2 pi2 fei4 qie2 p`an p`i fei ch`ieh pan pi fei chieh Babibaika |
Bhāvaviveka, a disciple of Nāgārjuna, who 'retired to a rock cavern to await the coming of Maitreya'. Eitel. |
市演得迦 see styles |
shì yǎn dé jiā shi4 yan3 de2 jia1 shih yen te chia Shientoka |
Jetaka, or 婆多婆漢那 Sadvahana. A king of southern Kosala, patron of Nāgārjuna. |
引正太子 see styles |
yǐn zhèng tài zǐ yin3 zheng4 tai4 zi3 yin cheng t`ai tzu yin cheng tai tzu Inshō taishi |
Sātavāhana, 沙多婆漢那 a prince of Kosala, whose father the king was the patron of Nāgārjuna; the prince, attributing his father's unduly prolonged life to Nāgārjuna's magic, is said to have compelled the latter to commit suicide, on hearing of which the king died and the prince ascended the throne. 西域記 10. |
提婆菩薩 提婆菩萨 see styles |
tí pó pú sà ti2 po2 pu2 sa4 t`i p`o p`u sa ti po pu sa Daiba bosatsu |
Devabodhisattva, or Āryadeva, or Kāṇadeva, the one-eyed deva, disciple of Nāgārjuna, and one of the 'four sons' of Buddhism; fourteenth patriarch; a monk of Pāṭaliputra; along with Nāgārjuna he is counted as founder of the 三論宗 q.v. |
迦毘摩羅 迦毘摩罗 see styles |
jiā pí mó luó jia1 pi2 mo2 luo2 chia p`i mo lo chia pi mo lo Kabimara |
Kapimala, of Patna, second century. A. D. converted by Aśvaghoṣa 馬鳴; he himself is said to have converted Nāgārjuna; he was the thirteenth Patriarch. |
迦那提婆 see styles |
jiān à tí pó jian1 a4 ti2 po2 chien a t`i p`o chien a ti po Kanadaiba |
Kāṇadeva, a disciple of Nāgārjuna and fifteenth patriarch, a native of South India, of the Vaiśya caste; said to have only one eye, hence Kāṇa his name; known also as Deva Bodhisattva. |
阿周陀那 see styles |
ā zhōu tuó nà a1 zhou1 tuo2 na4 a chou t`o na a chou to na Ashūdana |
Arjuna v. 阿順那. |
龍樹菩薩 龙树菩萨 see styles |
lóng shù pú sà long2 shu4 pu2 sa4 lung shu p`u sa lung shu pu sa ryuujibosatsu / ryujibosatsu りゅうじぼさつ |
Nagarjuna (Nagarjuna Bodhisattva) (person) Ryūju Bosatsu Nāgârjuna Bodhisattva |
三昧月輪相 三昧月轮相 see styles |
sān mèi yuè lún xiàng san1 mei4 yue4 lun2 xiang4 san mei yüeh lun hsiang zanmai getsurin sō |
月輪三昧 The candra-maṇḍala, i.e. moon-wheel or disc samādhi; Nāgārjuna is said to have entered it and taken his departure as a cicada after delivering the Law (or patriarchate) to Kāṇadeva. |
付法の八祖 see styles |
fuhounohasso / fuhonohasso ふほうのはっそ |
(exp,n) {Buddh} (See 伝持の八祖) the Eight Lineage Patriarchs who received the transmission of the teachings, leading back to the Vairocana Buddha (Vairocana Buddha, Vajrasattva, Nagarjuna, Nagabodhi, Vajrabodhi, Amoghavajra, Huigo and Kukai) (in Shingon) |
伝持の八祖 see styles |
denjinohasso でんじのはっそ |
(exp,n) {Buddh} (See 付法の八祖) the eight doctrinal patriarchs who expounded the teachings (Nagarjuna, Nagabodhi, Vajrabodhi, Amoghavajra, Yi Xing, Huigo and Kukai) (in Shingon) |
伽那馥力刃 see styles |
qien à fù lì rèn qien2 a4 fu4 li4 ren4 qien a fu li jen Kanafukurikinin |
A name of Nāgārjuna. |
十住毘婆沙論 十住毘婆沙论 see styles |
shí zhù pí pó shā lùn shi2 zhu4 pi2 po2 sha1 lun4 shih chu p`i p`o sha lun shih chu pi po sha lun Jūjū bibasha ron |
Daśabhūmivibhāsā śāstra. A commentary by Nāgārjuna on the 十住經 and the 十地經, said to contain the earliest teaching regarding Amitābha; translated by Kumārajīva circa A.D. 405. |
跋邏末羅耆釐 跋逻末罗耆厘 see styles |
bá luó mò luó qí lí ba2 luo2 mo4 luo2 qi2 li2 pa lo mo lo ch`i li pa lo mo lo chi li Baramarakiri |
Bhramaragiri (Beal), a monastery built by Sadvaha for Nāgārjuna on this mountain, 300 li south-west of Kośala. |
那伽閼剌樹那 那伽阏剌树那 see styles |
nà qié è là shùn à na4 qie2 e4 la4 shun4 a4 na ch`ieh o la shun a na chieh o la shun a Nakaarajuna |
(or 那伽閼曷樹那) Nāgārjuna, 龍樹 the dragon-arjuna tree, or nāgakrośana, intp. probably wrongly as 龍猛 dragon-fierce. One of the 'four suns' and reputed founder of Mahāyāna (but see 阿 for Aśvaghoṣa), native of South India, the fourteenth patriarch; he is said to have cut off his head as an offering. 'He probably flourished in the latter half of the second century A. D.' Eliot, v. 龍樹. He founded the Mādhyamika or 中 School, generally considered as advocating doctrines of negation or nihilism, but his aim seems to have been a reality beyond the limitations of positive and negative, the identification of contraries in a higher synthesis, e. g. birth and death, existence and non-existence, eternal and non-eternal; v. 中論. |
Entries with 2nd row of characters: The 2nd row is Simplified Chinese.
This page contains 53 results for "Arjun" in Chinese and/or Japanese.Information about this dictionary:
Apparently, we were the first ones who were crazy enough to think that western people might want a combined Chinese, Japanese, and Buddhist dictionary.
A lot of westerners can't tell the difference between Chinese and Japanese - and there is a reason for that. Chinese characters and even whole words were borrowed by Japan from the Chinese language in the 5th century. Much of the time, if a word or character is used in both languages, it will have the same or a similar meaning. However, this is not always true. Language evolves, and meanings independently change in each language.
Example: The Chinese character 湯 for soup (hot water) has come to mean bath (hot water) in Japanese. They have the same root meaning of "hot water", but a 湯屋 sign on a bathhouse in Japan would lead a Chinese person to think it was a "soup house" or a place to get a bowl of soup. See this: Japanese Bath House
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Chinese Buddhist terms come from Dictionary of Chinese Buddhist Terms by William Edward Soothill and Lewis Hodous. This is commonly referred to as "Soothill's'". It was first published in 1937 (and is now off copyright so we can use it here). Some of these definitions may be misleading, incomplete, or dated, but 95% of it is good information. Every professor who teaches Buddhism or Eastern Religion has a copy of this on their bookshelf. We incorporated these 16,850 entries into our dictionary database ourselves (it was lot of work).
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