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Old Wade-Giles romanization used only in Taiwan.
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Buddhist definition. Note: May not apply to all sects.
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Characters Pronunciation
Romanization
Simple Dictionary Definition

二空

see styles
èr kōng
    er4 kong1
erh k`ung
    erh kung
 nikū
The two voids, unrealities, or immaterialities; v. 空. There are several antitheses: (1) (a) 人空; 我空 The non-reality of the atman, the soul, the person; (6) 法空 the non-reality of things. (2) (a) 性空 The Tiantai division that nothing has a nature of its own; (b) 相空 therefore its form is unreal, i.e. forms are temporary names. (3) (a) 但空 Tiantai says the 藏 and 通 know only the 空; (b) 不但空 the 別 and 圓 have 空, 假, and 中 q.v. (4) (a) 如實空 The division of the 起信論 that the 眞如 is devoid of all impurity; (b) 如實不空 and full of all merit, or achievement.

二筑

see styles
 nichiku
    にちく
Nichiku (the two former provinces of Chikuzen and Chikugo)

二答

see styles
èr dá
    er4 da2
erh ta
 nitō
Two kinds of reply, one by words, the other by signs.

二簧

see styles
èr huáng
    er4 huang2
erh huang
variant of 二黃|二黄[er4 huang2]

二結


二结

see styles
èr jié
    er4 jie2
erh chieh
 niketsu
two kinds of rebirth

二緣


二缘

see styles
èr yuán
    er4 yuan2
erh yüan
 nien
two kinds of conditions

二縛


二缚

see styles
èr fú
    er4 fu2
erh fu
 nibaku
two kinds of fetters

二罪

see styles
èr zuì
    er4 zui4
erh tsui
 nizai
The two classes of offence: (a) 性罪 crime which is wrong in itself, e.g. murder, etc.; (b) 遮罪 crime not wrong in itself, e.g. taking alcohol, but forbidden by the Buddha for the sake of the other commandments; transgression of this is therefore a sin against the Buddha.

二義


二义

see styles
èr yì
    er4 yi4
erh i
 tsuguyoshi
    つぐよし
(personal name) Tsuguyoshi
The two meanings or teachings, partial and complete; v. 二教.

二翼

see styles
èr yì
    er4 yi4
erh i
 niyoku
A pair of wings: charity and wisdom.

二者

see styles
èr zhě
    er4 zhe3
erh che
 nisha
    にしゃ
both; both of them; neither
(noun - becomes adjective with の) two things; two persons

二聖


二圣

see styles
èr shèng
    er4 sheng4
erh sheng
 ni shō
Śākyamuni and Prabhūtaratna 多寶.

二股

see styles
 futamata
    ふたまた
(noun - becomes adjective with の) (1) bifurcation; (2) parting of the ways; (3) (colloquialism) two-timing; (place-name, surname) Futamata

二肥

see styles
 nihi
    にひ
Nihi (the two former provinces of Hizen and Higo)

二脫


二脱

see styles
èr tuō
    er4 tuo1
erh t`o
    erh to
 nidatsu
two kinds of liberation

二苦

see styles
èr kǔ
    er4 ku3
erh k`u
    erh ku
 ni ku
Two kinds of suffering: within, e.g. sickness, sorrow; from without, e.g. calamities.

二號


二号

see styles
èr hào
    er4 hao4
erh hao
2nd day of the month
See: 二号

二行

see styles
èr xíng
    er4 xing2
erh hsing
 nigyō
Two classes of conduct: following wrong views; following wrong desires, or emotions. There are other pairs.

二衣

see styles
èr yī
    er4 yi1
erh i
 nie
The two kinds of clothing: (a) 制衣 the regulation three robes for monks and five for nuns, which must be worn; (b) 聽衣optional garments.

二見


二见

see styles
èr jiàn
    er4 jian4
erh chien
 futami
    ふたみ
(can be adjective with の) forked (road, river); (place-name, surname) Futami
Two (wrong) views: (1) Looking on people grudgingly with regard to almsgiving and preaching the Buddha-truth. (2) (a) 有見 Holding to the real existence of (material) things; (b) 無見 holding to their entire unreality. (3) (a) 斷見 Holding to the view of total annihilation; (b) 常見 to that of permanence or immortality.

二覺


二觉

see styles
èr jué
    er4 jue2
erh chüeh
 nikaku
The two enlightenments: (1) The 起信論 has two—(a) 本覺 the immanent mind in all things, e.g. "which lighteth every man that cometh into the world", also defined as the 法身 dharmakāya; (b) 始覺 initial enlightenment or beginning of illumination; this initiation leads on to Buddhahood, or full enlightenment. (2) (a) 等覺 The fifty-first stage of a bodhisattva's 行 位 practice; (b) 妙覺 the fifty-second stage, or enlightenment of Buddhahood.(3) (a)自覺 A Buddha's own or natural enlightenment; (b) 覺他 his enlightening of all others.

二觀


二观

see styles
èr guān
    er4 guan1
erh kuan
 nikan
The two universal bases of meditation: 事觀 the external forms, or the phenomenal, and 理觀 the real or underlying nature, i. e. practice and theory.

二詮


二诠

see styles
èr quán
    er4 quan2
erh ch`üan
    erh chüan
 nisen
two kinds of statements

二識


二识

see styles
èr shì
    er4 shi4
erh shih
 nishiki
    にしき
(personal name) Nishiki
two kinds of consciousness

二豊

see styles
 nihou / niho
    にほう
(See 豊前,豊後) Nihō (the two former provinces of Buzen and Bungo)

二豎

see styles
 niju
    にじゅ
(archaism) demon of ill health; disease

二貧


二贫

see styles
èr pín
    er4 pin2
erh p`in
    erh pin
 nihin
two kinds of poverty

二輪


二轮

see styles
èr lún
    er4 lun2
erh lun
 niwa
    にわ
second round (of a match or election)
two wheels; two flowers; (surname) Niwa
two wheels

二逼

see styles
èr bī
    er4 bi1
erh pi
variant of 二屄[er4 bi1]

二道

see styles
èr dào
    er4 dao4
erh tao
 nimichi
    にみち
Erdao district of Changchun city 長春市|长春市, Jilin
branch roads; forked roads; crossroads; two ways (of proceeding); (surname) Nimichi
two paths

二邊


二边

see styles
èr biān
    er4 bian1
erh pien
 nihen
(a) 有邊 That things exist; (6) 無邊 that since nothing is self-existent, things cannot be said to exist. (2) (a) 增益邊 The plus side, the common belief in a soul and permanence; (b) 損減邊 the minus side, that nothing exists even of karma. (3) (a) 斷邊見 and (b) 常邊見 annihilation and immortality; v. 見.

二酉

see styles
 niyuu / niyu
    にゆう
(archaism) large collection of books; place where many books are stored

二量

see styles
èr liáng
    er4 liang2
erh liang
 niryō
The two "measurings," or parts of a syllogism : (a) 現量 appearance, e.g. smoke; (b) 比量 inference, e.g. fire from smoke.

二院

see styles
 niin / nin
    にいん
the two houses of legislature

二障

see styles
èr zhàng
    er4 zhang4
erh chang
 nishō
The two hindrances:(1) (a) 煩惱障 The passions and delusion which aid rebirth and hinder entrance into nirvana; (b) 智障 or所知障, worldly wisdom e.g. accounting the seeming as real, a hindrance to true wisdom. (2) (a) 煩惱障 as above; (b) 解脱障 hindrances to deliverance. (3) (a)理障 hindrances to truth; (b) 事障 hindrances of the passions, etc.

二頓


二顿

see styles
èr dùn
    er4 dun4
erh tun
 niton
The two immediate or direct ways to perfection, as defined by Jingxi 荊溪 of the Huayan school; the gradual direct way of the Lotus; the direct way of the Huayan sutra, which is called the 頓頓頓圓, while that of the Lotus is called the 漸頓漸圓.

二食

see styles
èr shí
    er4 shi2
erh shih
 nishoku; nijiki(ok)
    にしょく; にじき(ok)
two meals; (eating) two meals a day
The two kinds of food: (1) (a) The joy of the Law; (b) the bliss of meditation. (2) (a)The right kind of monk's livelihood - by mendicancy; (b) the wrong kind - by any other means.

二鳥


二鸟

see styles
èr niǎo
    er4 niao3
erh niao
 nichou / nicho
    にちょう
(female given name) Nichō
The drake and the hen of the mandarin duck who are always together, typifying various contrasted theories and ideas, e.g. permanence and impermanence, joy and sorrow, emptiness and non-emptiness, etc.

二黃


二黄

see styles
èr huáng
    er4 huang2
erh huang
one of the two chief types of music in Chinese opera; Peking opera; also written 二簧[er4 huang2]; see also 西皮[xi1 pi2]

二黒

see styles
 jikoku
    じこく
(See 九星) second of nine traditional astrological signs (corresponding to Saturn and southwest)

于歸


于归

see styles
yú guī
    yu2 gui1
yü kuei
(literary) (of a girl) to marry

于洪

see styles
yú hóng
    yu2 hong2
yü hung
Yuhong district of Shenyang city 瀋陽市|沈阳市, Liaoning

于闐


于阗

see styles
yú tián
    yu2 tian2
yü t`ien
    yü tien
 Uten
于遁; 于殿; 于塡; 谿丹; 屈丹; 和闐; 澳那; 瞿薩憺那 Kustana, or Khotan, in Turkestan, the principal centre of Central Asian Buddhism until the Moslem invasion. Buddhism was introduced there about 200 B.C. or earlier. It was the centre from which is credited the spread of Mahayanism, v. 西城記 12.

云城

see styles
yún chéng
    yun2 cheng2
yün ch`eng
    yün cheng
Yuncheng district of Yunfu city 雲浮市|云浮市[Yun2 fu2 shi4], Guangdong

互生

see styles
hù shēng
    hu4 sheng1
hu sheng
 gosei / gose
    ごせい
alternate leaf arrangement (botany)
(n,adj-no,vs,vi) {bot} alternate (esp. of leaf arrangement)

互發


互发

see styles
hù fā
    hu4 fa1
hu fa
 go hotsu
mutual arising (of the objects of contemplation)

五世

see styles
wǔ shì
    wu3 shi4
wu shih
 gose
    ごせ
the fifth (of series of numbered kings)
(1) five generations; (2) fifth generation immigrant; gosei; (3) the fifth (e.g. George V); (personal name) Gose

五乘

see styles
wǔ shèng
    wu3 sheng4
wu sheng
 gojō
The five vehicles conveying to the karma reward which differs according to the vehicle: they are generally summed up as (1) 入乘 rebirth among men conveyed by observing the five commandments; (2) 天乘 among the devas by the ten forms of good action; (3) 聲聞乘 among the śrāvakas by the four noble truths; (4) 緣覺乘 among pratyekabuddhas by the twelve nidānas; (5) 菩薩乘 among the Buddhas and bodhisattvas by the six pāramitās 六度 q. v. Another division is the various vehicles of bodhisattvas; pratyekabuddhas; śrāvakas; general; and devas-and-men. Another is Hīnayāna Buddha, pratyekabuddhas, śrāvakas, the gods of the Brahma heavens, and those of the desire-realm. Another is Hīnayāna ordinary disciples: śrāvakas: pratyekabuddhas; bodhisattvas; and the one all-inclusive vehicle. And a sixth, of Tiantai, is for men; devas; śrāvakas-cum-pratyekabuddhas; bodhisattvas: and the Buddha-vehicle. The esoteric cult has: men, corresponding with earth; devas, with water: śrāvakas, with fire: pratyekabuddhas, with wind; and bodhisattvas, with 空 the 'void'.

五代

see styles
wǔ dài
    wu3 dai4
wu tai
 godai
    ごだい
Five Dynasties, period of history between the fall of the Tang dynasty (907) and the founding of the Song dynasty (960), when five would-be dynasties were established in quick succession in North China
(hist) (See 五代十国・ごだいじっこく,後梁・こうりょう,後唐・こうとう,後晋・こうしん,後漢・ごかん・2,後周・こうしゅう) Five Dynasties (of China; 907-979); (p,s,f) Godai

五位

see styles
wǔ wèi
    wu3 wei4
wu wei
 goi
    ごい
(1) fifth court rank; (2) (abbreviation) (See 五位鷺) black-crowned night heron (Nycticorax nycticorax); night heron; (3) {Buddh} five ranks; five stages; (place-name, surname) Goi
The five categories, or divisions; there are several groups, e. g. (1) Hīnayāna and Mahāyāna have groupings of all phenomena under five heads, i. e. Hīnayāna has 75 法 which are 11 色法, 1 心法, 46 心所法, 14 不相離法, and 3 無爲法; Mahāyāna has 100 法 which are 8 心, 51 心所, 11 色, 24 不相因, and 6 無爲法. (2) The five divisions of 唯識 are 資糧位, 加行位, 通達位, 修習位, and 究竟 or 佛位. (3) The five evolutions in the womb are: kalalaṃ, embryo-initiation; arbudaṃ, after 27 days; peśī, 37; ghana, 47; praśākha, 57 days when form and organs are all complete. (4) Certain combinations of the 八卦 Eight Diagrams are sometimes styled 五位君臣 five positions of prince and minister.

五住

see styles
wǔ zhù
    wu3 zhu4
wu chu
 gojū
five entrenchments of affliction

五体

see styles
 gotai
    ごたい
(1) the whole body; (2) the five styles of writing Chinese characters; (3) (orig. meaning) the five parts of the body (head, two hands and two feet; or head, neck, chest, hands and feet)

五佛

see styles
wǔ fó
    wu3 fo2
wu fo
 gobutsu
The Five Dhyāni-Buddhas of the Vajradhātu and Garbhadhātu; v. 五智如來.

五停

see styles
wǔ tíng
    wu3 ting2
wu t`ing
    wu ting
 gochō
five kinds of stabilization

五刀

see styles
wǔ dāo
    wu3 dao1
wu tao
 gotou / goto
    ごとう
(surname) Gotou
The 'five swords' or slayers who were sent in pursuit of a man who fled from his king, e. g. the five skandhas 五蘊.

五刑

see styles
wǔ xíng
    wu3 xing2
wu hsing
 gokei / goke
    ごけい
imperial five punishments of feudal China, up to Han times: tattooing characters on the forehead 墨[mo4], cutting off the nose 劓[yi4], amputation of one or both feet 刖[yue4], castration 宮|宫[gong1], execution 大辟[da4 pi4]; Han dynasty onwards: whipping 笞[chi1], beating the legs and buttocks with rough thorns 杖[zhang4], forced labor 徒[tu2], exile or banishment 流[liu2], capital punishment 死[si3]
(1) (hist) five punishments (of ancient China: tattooing, cutting off the nose, cutting off a leg, castration or confinement, death); (2) (hist) (See 律令制) five punishments (of the ritsuryō system: light caning, severe caning, imprisonment, exile, death)

五力

see styles
wǔ lì
    wu3 li4
wu li
 goriki
pañcabalāni, the five powers or faculties — one of the categories of the thirty-seven bodhipakṣika dharma 三十七助道品; they destroy the 五障 five obstacles, each by each, and are: 信力 śraddhābala, faith (destroying doubt); 精進力 vīryabala, zeal (destroying remissness); 念 or 勤念 smṛtibala, memory or thought (destroying falsity); 正定力 samādhibala, concentration of mind, or meditation (destroying confused or wandering thoughts); and 慧力 prajñābala, wisdom (destroying all illusion and delusion). Also the five transcendent powers, i. e. 定力 the power of meditation; 通力 the resulting supernatural powers; 借識力 adaptability, or powers of 'borrowing' or evolving any required organ of sense, or knowledge, i. e. by beings above the second dhyāna heavens; 大願力 the power of accomplishing a vow by a Buddha or bodhisattva; and 法威德力 the august power of Dharma. Also, the five kinds of Mara powers exerted on sight, 五大明王.

五受

see styles
wǔ shòu
    wu3 shou4
wu shou
 goju
The five vedanas, or sensations; i. e. of sorrow, ofjoy; of pain, of pleasure; of freedom from them all; the first two are limited to mental emotions, the two next are of the senses, and the fifth of both; v. 唯識論 5.

五味

see styles
wǔ wèi
    wu3 wei4
wu wei
 gomi
    ごみ
the five flavors, namely: sweet 甜, sour 酸, bitter 苦, spicy hot 辣, salty 鹹|咸; all kinds of flavors
(1) five flavors (sweet, salty, spicy, sour, bitter); five palates; five tastes; (2) {Buddh} (See 五時教) five flavors (milk at various stages of making ghee: fresh milk, cream, curdled milk, butter, and ghee); the five periods of the Buddha's teachings; (place-name, surname) Gomi
five flavors

五品

see styles
wǔ pǐn
    wu3 pin3
wu p`in
    wu pin
 gohon
A division of the disciples, in the Lotus Sutra, into five grades— those who hear and rejoice; read and repeat; preach; observe and meditate; and transform self and others.

五唯

see styles
wǔ wéi
    wu3 wei2
wu wei
 goyui
(五唯量) pañcatanmātrāṇi, the five subtle or rudimentary elements out of which rise the five sensations of sound, touch, form, taste, and smell. They are the fourth of the 二十五諦.

五四

see styles
wǔ sì
    wu3 si4
wu ssu
fourth of May, cf 五四運動|五四运动, national renewal movement that started with 4th May 1919 protest against the Treaty of Versailles

五因

see styles
wǔ yīn
    wu3 yin1
wu yin
 goin
The five causes, v. 倶舍論 7. i. e. (1) 生因 producing cause; (2) 依因supporting cause; (3) 立因 upholding or establishing cause; (4) 持因 maintaining cause; (5) 養因 nourishing or strengthening cause. These all refer to the four elements, earth, water, fire, wind, for they are the causers or producers and maintainers of the infinite forms of nature. Another list from the Nirvana-Sutra 21 is (1) 生因 cause of rebirth, i. e. previous delusion; (2) 和合因 intermingling cause, i. e. good with good, bad with bad, neutral with neutral; (3) 住因 cause of abiding in the present condition, i. e. the self in its attachments; (4) 增長因 causes of development, e. g. food, clothing, etc.; (5) 遠因 remoter cause, the parental seed.

五塵


五尘

see styles
wǔ chén
    wu3 chen2
wu ch`en
    wu chen
 gojin
The objects of the five senses, which being dusty or earthly things can taint the true nature; idem 五境.

五境

see styles
wǔ jìng
    wu3 jing4
wu ching
 gokyō
The objects of the five senses, corresponding to the senses of form, sound, smell, taste, and touch.

五夜

see styles
 sayo
    さよ
(1) (archaism) division of the night (from approx. 7pm to 5am) into five 2-hour periods; (2) the fifth of these periods (approx. 3am to 5am); (female given name) Sayo

五夢


五梦

see styles
wǔ mèng
    wu3 meng4
wu meng
 itsumu
    いつむ
(female given name) Itsumu
The five bad dreams of King Ajātaśatru on the night that Buddha entered nirvana— as the moon sank the sun arose from the earth. the stars fell like rain, seven comets appeared, and a great conflagration filling the sky fell on the earth.

五天

see styles
wǔ tiān
    wu3 tian1
wu t`ien
    wu tien
 goten
    ごてん
(surname) Goten
五天竺; The five regions of India, north, south, east, west, and central; v. 西域記.; (五天子) Five devas in the Garbhadhātumaṇḍala located in the north-east. Also 五乘居天 (or 五乘居衆 ); 五那含天子.

五妙

see styles
wǔ miào
    wu3 miao4
wu miao
 gomyō
The five wonders, i. e. of purified or transcendental sight, sound, taste, smell, and touch in the Pure-land.

五宗

see styles
wǔ zōng
    wu3 zong1
wu tsung
 goshū
The five great schools of Mahāyāna, i. e. 天台, 華嚴法相, 三論, and 律宗. There are other classes, or groups.

五官

see styles
wǔ guān
    wu3 guan1
wu kuan
 gokan
    ごかん
five sense organs of TCM (nose, eyes, lips, tongue, ears 鼻目口舌耳); facial features
the five sense organs; (place-name) Gokan
The five controlling powers, v. 五大使, birth, old age, sickness, death, and the (imperial) magistrate.

五專


五专

see styles
wǔ zhuān
    wu3 zhuan1
wu chuan
 gosen
The five special things, or five devotions, observance of any one of which, according to the Japanese 眞宗 Shin sect, ensures rebirth in the Pure Land; they are 專禮, 專讀, 專觀, 專名, or 專讚嘆 either worship, reading, meditation, invocation, or praise.

五山

see styles
wǔ shān
    wu3 shan1
wu shan
 goyama
    ごやま
(rare) five most important temples of a region; (surname) Goyama
Five mountains and monasteries: (1) in India, sacred because of their connection with the Buddha: 鞞婆羅跋怒 Vaibhāra-vana; 薩多般那求呵 Saptaparṇaguhā; 因陀羅勢羅求呵 Indraśailaguhā; 薩簸恕魂直迦鉢婆羅 Sarpiṣ kuṇḍikā-prāgbhāra; 耆闍崛 Gṛdhrakūṭa; (2) in China, established during the Five Dynasties and the Southern Sung dynasty, on the analogy of those in India; three at Hangzhou at 徑山 Jingshan, 北山 Beishan, and 南山 Nanshan and two at Ningbo at 阿育王山 King Aśoka Shan and 太白山 Taiboshan. Later the Yuan dynasty established one at 全陵 Chin Ling, the 天界大龍翔隻慶寺 which became chief of these under the Ming dynasty.

五嶽


五岳

see styles
wǔ yuè
    wu3 yue4
wu yüeh
Five Sacred Mountains of the Daoists, namely: Mt Tai 泰山[Tai4 Shan1] in Shandong, Mt Hua 華山|华山[Hua4 Shan1] in Shaanxi, Mt Heng 衡山[Heng2 Shan1] in Hunan, Mt Heng 恆山|恒山[Heng2 Shan1] in Shanxi, Mt Song 嵩山[Song1 Shan1] in Henan
See: 五岳

五師


五师

see styles
wǔ shī
    wu3 shi1
wu shih
 goshi
    ごし
(surname) Goshi
The five masters or teachers, i. e. respectively of the sutras, the vinaya, the śāstras, the abhidharma, and meditation. A further division is made of 異世五師 and 同世五師. The first, i. e. of different periods, are Mahākāśyapa, Ānanda, Madhyāntika, Śāṇavāsa, and Upagupta; another group connected with the Vinaya is Upāli, Dāsaka, Sonaka, Siggava, and Moggaliputra Tissva. The 同世 or five of the same period are variously stated: the Sarvāstivādins say they were the five immediate disciples of Upagupta, i. e. Dharmagupta, etc.; see 五部.

五度

see styles
wǔ dù
    wu3 du4
wu tu
 godo
    ごど
five degrees; fifth (basic musical interval, doh to soh)
{music} fifth (interval)
The five means of transportation over the sea of mortality to salvation; they are the five pāramitās 五波羅蜜— almsgiving, commandment-keeping, patience under provocation, zeal, and meditation.

五形

see styles
wǔ xíng
    wu3 xing2
wu hsing
 gogyou / gogyo
    ごぎょう
Wuxing - "Five Animals" - Martial Art
(kana only) Jersey cudweed (species of cottonweed, Gnaphalium affine)

五律

see styles
wǔ lǜ
    wu3 lv4
wu lü
 goritsu
The doctrines of the 五部 q. v.

五徳

see styles
 gotoku
    ごとく
(1) the five virtues (esp. in Confucianism); (2) tripod; three or four-legged kettle stand; (3) family crest in the shape of a three-legged kettle stand; (surname) Gotoku

五德

see styles
wǔ dé
    wu3 de2
wu te
 gotoku
The five virtues, of which there are various definitions. The five virtues required in a confessor at the annual confessional ending the rainy retreat are: freedom from predilections, from anger, from fear, not easily deceived, discernment of shirkers of confession. Another group is the five virtues for a nurse of the sick, and there are others.

五心

see styles
wǔ xīn
    wu3 xin1
wu hsin
 go shin
The five conditions of mind produced by objective perception: 卒爾心 immediate or instantaneous, the first impression; 尋求心attention, or inquiry; 決定心conclusion, decision; 染淨心the effect, evil or good; 等流心the production therefrom of other causations.

五忍

see styles
wǔ rěn
    wu3 ren3
wu jen
 gonin
The five stages of bodhisattva-kṣānti, patience or endurance according to the 別教: (1) 伏忍the causes of passion and illusion controlled but not finally cut off, the condition of 十住, 十行, and 十廻向; (2) 信忍 firm belief, i. e. from the 初地 to the 三地; (3) 順忍 patient progress towards the end of all mortality, i. e. 四地 to 六地; (4) 無生忍 patience for full apprehension, of the truth of no rebirth, 七地 to 九地; and (5) 寂滅忍 the patience that leads to complete nirvana, 十地 to 妙覺; cf. 五位.

五性

see styles
wǔ xìng
    wu3 xing4
wu hsing
 goshō
The five different natures as grouped by the 法相宗 Dharmalakṣana sect; of these the first and second, while able to attain to non-return to mortality, are unable to reach Buddhahood; of the fourth some may, others may not reach it; the fifth will be reborn as devas or men: (1) śrāvakas for arhats; (2) pratyekabuddhas for pratyekabuddha-hood; (3) bodhisattvas for Buddhahood; (4) indefinite; (5) outsiders who have not the Buddha mind. The Sutra of Perfect Enlightenment 圓覺經 has another group, i. e. the natures of (1) ordinary good people; (2) śrāvakas and pratyekabuddhas; (3) bodhisattvas; (4) indefinite; (5) heretics.

五悔

see styles
wǔ huǐ
    wu3 hui3
wu hui
 gokai
The five stages in a penitential service. Tiantai gives: (1) confession of past sins and forbidding them for the future; (2) appeal to the universal Buddhas to keep the law-wheel rolling; (3) rejoicing over the good in self and others; (4) 廻向 offering all one's goodness to all the living and to the Buddha-way; (5) resolve, or vows, i. e. the 四弘誓. The Shingon sect 眞言宗 divides the ten great vows of Samantabhadra 普賢 into five 悔, the first three vows being included under 歸命 or submission; the fourth is repentance; the fifth rejoicing; the sixth, seventh, and eighth appeal to the Buddhas; the ninth and tenth, bestowal of acquired merit.

五慳


五悭

see styles
wǔ qiān
    wu3 qian1
wu ch`ien
    wu chien
 goken
The five kinds of selfishness, or meanness: monopolizing (1) an abode; (2) an almsgiving household; (3) alms received; (4) praise; (5) knowledge of the truth, e. g. of a sutra.

五指

see styles
wǔ zhǐ
    wu3 zhi3
wu chih
 goshi
    ごし
the five fingers of one's hand
(1) the five fingers; (2) leading five; top five

五教

see styles
wǔ jiào
    wu3 jiao4
wu chiao
 gokyō
The five division of Buddhism according to the Huayan School, of which there are two That of 杜順 Dushun down to 賢首 Xianshou is (1) 小乘教 Hīnayāna which interprets nirvana as annihilation; (2) 大乘始教 the primary stage of Mahāyāna, with two sections the 相始教 and 空 始教 or realistic and idealistic, (3) 大乘終教 Mahāyāna in its final stage, teaching the 眞如 and universal Buddhahood; (4) 頓教 the immediate, direct, or intuitive school, e. g. by right concentration of thought, or faith, apart from 'works'; (5) 圓教 the complete or perfect teaching of the Huayan, combining all the rest into one all-embracing vehicle. The five are now differentiated into 十宗 ten schools. The other division, by 圭峯 Guifeng of the same school, is (1) 人天教 rebirth as human beings for those who keep the five commandments and as devas those who keep the 十善 as 相始教 above; (4) 大乘破相教 as 空始教 above; and (5) 一乘顯性教 the one vehicle which reveals the universal Buddha-nature; it includes (3), (4), and (5) of the first group. See also 五時教.

五日

see styles
 itsukaichi
    いつかいち
(1) the fifth day of the month; (2) five days; (place-name) Itsukaichi

五明

see styles
wǔ míng
    wu3 ming2
wu ming
 gomei / gome
    ごめい
(hist) the five sciences of ancient India (grammar and composition, arts and mathematics, medicine, logic, and philosophy); (surname) Gomei
pañca-vidyā, the five sciences or studies of India: (1) śabda, grammar and composition; śilpakarmasthāna, the arts and mathematics; cikitsā, medicine; hetu, logic; adhyātma, philosophy, which Monier Williams says is the 'knoowledge of the supreme spirit, or of ātman', the basis of the four Vedas; the Buddhists reckon the Tripiṭṭaka and the 十二部教 as their 内明, i. e. their inner or special philosophy.

五時


五时

see styles
wǔ shí
    wu3 shi2
wu shih
 goji
(五時教) The five periods or divisions of Śākyamuni's teaching. According to Tiantai they are (1) 華嚴時 the Avataṃsaka or first period in three divisions each of seven days, after his enlightenment, when he preached the content, of this sutra; (2) 鹿苑時 the twelve years of his preaching the Āgamas 阿含 in the Deer Park; (3) 方等時 the eight years of preaching Mahāyāna-cum-Hīnayāna doctrines, the vaipulya period; (4) 般若時 the twenty-two years of his preaching the prajñā or wisdom sutras; (5) 法華涅槃時 the eight years of his preaching the Lotus Sutra and, in a day and a night, the Nirvana Sutra. According to the Nirvana School (now part of the Tiantai) they are (1) 三乘別教 the period when the differentiated teaching began and the distinction of the three vehicles, as represented by the 四諦 Four Noble Truths for śrāvakas, the 十二因緣 Twelve Nidānas for pratyekabuddhas, and the 六度 Six Pāramitās for bodhisattvas; (2) 三乘通教 the teaching common to all three vehicles, as seen in the 般若經; (3) 抑揚教 the teaching of the 維摩經, the 思益梵天所問經, and other sutras olling the bodhisattva teaching at the expense of that for śrāvakas; (4) 同歸教 the common objective teaching calling all three vehicles, through the Lotus, to union in the one vehicle; (5) 常住教 the teaehmg of eternal life i. e. the revelation through the Nirvana sutra of the eternity of Buddhahood; these five are also called 有相; 無相; 抑揚; 曾三歸—; and 圓常. According to 劉虬 Liu Chiu of the 晉 Chin dynasty, the teaching is divided into 頓 immediate and 漸 gradual attainment, the latter having five divisions called 五時教 similar to those of the Tiantai group. According to 法寶 Fabao of the Tang dynasty the five are (1) 小乘; (2) 般着 or 大乘; (3) 深密 or 三乘; (4) 法華 or 一乘; (5) 涅槃 or 佛性教.

五智

see styles
wǔ zhì
    wu3 zhi4
wu chih
 gochi
    ごち
(place-name, surname) Gochi
The five kinds of wisdom of the 眞言宗 Shingon School. Of the six elements 六大 earth, water, fire, air (or wind), ether (or space) 曇空, and consciousness (or mind 識 ), the first five form the phenomenal world, or Garbhadhātu, the womb of all things 胎藏界, the sixth is the conscious, or perceptive, or wisdom world, the Vajradhātu 金剛界, sometimes called the Diamond realm. The two realms are not originally apart, but one, and there is no consciousness without the other five elements. The sixth element, vijñāna, is further subdivided into five called the 五智 Five Wisdoms: (1) 法界體性智 dharmadhātu-prakṛti-jñāna, derived from the amala-vijñāna, or pure 識; it is the wisdom of the embodied nature of the dharmadhātu, defined as the six elements, and is associated with Vairocana 大日, in the centre, who abides in this samādhi; it also corresponds to the ether 空 element. (2) 大圓鏡智 adarśana-jñāna, the great round mirror wisdom, derived from the ālaya-vijñāna, reflecting all things; corresponds to earth, and is associated with Akṣobhya and the east. (3) 平等性智 samatā-jñāna, derived from mano-vijñāna, wisdom in regard to all things equally and universally; corresponds to fire, and is associated with Ratnasaṃbhava and the south. (4) 妙觀察智 pratyavekṣaṇa-jñāna, derived from 意識, wisdom of profound insight, or discrimination, for exposition and doubt-destruction; corresponds to water, and is associated with Amitābha and the west. (5) 成所作智 kṛtyānuṣṭhāna-jñāna, derived from the five senses, the wisdom of perfecting the double work of self-welfare and the welfare of others; corresponds to air 風 and is associated with Amoghasiddhi and the north. These five Dhyāni-Buddhas are the 五智如來. The five kinds of wisdom are the four belonging to every Buddha, of the exoteric cult, to which the esoteric cult adds the first, pure, all-refecting, universal, all-discerning, and all-perfecting.

五更

see styles
wǔ gēng
    wu3 geng1
wu keng
 gokou / goko
    ごこう
fifth of the five night watch periods 03:00-05:00 (old)
(archaism) the five night watches; fifth watch of the night (approx. 3am to 5am); (surname) Gokou
The five night watches; also the fifth watch.

五果

see styles
wǔ guǒ
    wu3 guo3
wu kuo
 goka
    ごか
(1) five fruits (peach, Japanese plum, apricot, jujube, Japanese chestnut); (2) (Buddhist term) five types of effect in cause-and-effect relationships; (3) (Buddhist term) five effects of ignorance and formations on one's current life
The five fruits, or effects; there are various groups, e. g. I. (1) 異熟果 fruit ripening divergently, e. g. pleasure and goodness are in different categories; present organs accord in pain or pleasure with their past good or evil deeds; (2) 等流果 fruit of the same order, e. g. goodness reborn from previous goodness; (3) 土用果 present position and function fruit, the rewards of moral merit in previous lives; (4) 增上果 superior fruit, or position arising from previous earnest endeavor and superior capacity: (5) 離繋果 fruit of freedom from all bonds, nirvana fruit. II. Fruit, or rebirth: (1) 識 conception (viewed psychologically); (2) 名色 formation mental and physical; (3) 六處 the six organs of perception complete; (4) 觸 their birth and contact with the world; (5) 受 consciousness. III. Five orders of fruit, with stones, pips, shells (as nuts), chaff-like (as pine seeds), and with pods.

五根

see styles
wǔ gēn
    wu3 gen1
wu ken
 gokon
pañcendriyāṇi. (1) The five roots, i. e. the five organs of the senses: eyes, ears, nose, tongue, and body as roots of knowing. (2) The five spiritual organs pr positive agents: 信 faith, 精進 energy, 念 memory, 定 visionary meditation, 慧 wisdom. The 五力 q. v. are regarded as negative agents.

五業


五业

see styles
wǔ yè
    wu3 ye4
wu yeh
 gogō
The five kinds of karma: of which the groups are numerous and differ.

五樂


五乐

see styles
wǔ lè
    wu3 le4
wu le
 goraku
The pleasures of the five senses, v. 五欲.

五欲

see styles
wǔ yù
    wu3 yu4
wu yü
 goyoku
The five desires, arising from the objects of the five senses, things seen, heard, smelt, tasted, or touched. Also, the five desires of wealth, sex, foodand-drink, fame, and sleep.

五毛

see styles
wǔ máo
    wu3 mao2
wu mao
 gomou / gomo
    ごもう
fifty cents (0.5 RMB); (fig.) paltry sum of money; (abbr. for 五毛黨|五毛党[wu3 mao2 dang3]) hired Internet commenter
(place-name) Gomou

五河

see styles
wǔ hé
    wu3 he2
wu ho
Wuhe, a county in Bengbu 蚌埠[Beng4bu4], Anhui; Punjab, a province of Pakistan

五法

see styles
wǔ fǎ
    wu3 fa3
wu fa
 gohō
pañcadharma. The five laws or categories, of which four groups are as follows: I. 相名五法 The five categories of form and name: (1) 相 appearances, or phenomena; (2) 名 their names; (3) 分別 sometimes called 妄想 ordinary mental discrimination of them— (1) and (2) are objective, (3) subjective; (4) 正智 corrective wisdom, which corrects the deficiencies and errors of the last: (5) 如如 the 眞如 Bhutatathata or absolute wisdom, reached through the 如理智 understanding of the law of the absolute, or ultimate truth. II. 事理五法 The five categories into which things and their principles are divided: (1) 心法 mind; (2) 心所法 mental conditions or activities; (3) 色法 the actual states or categories as conceived; (4) 不相應法 hypothetic categories, 唯識 has twenty-four, the Abhidharma fourteen; (5) 無爲法 the state of rest, or the inactive principle pervading all things; the first four are the 事 and the last the 理. III. 理智五法 cf. 五智; the five categories of essential wisdom: (1) 眞如 the absolute; (2) 大圓鏡智 wisdom as the great perfect mirror reflecting all things; (3) 平等性智 wisdom of the equal Buddha nature of all beings; (4) 妙觀察智 wisdom of mystic insight into all things and removal of ignorance and doubt; (5) 成所作智 wisdom perfect in action and bringing blessing to self and others. IV. 提婆五法 The five obnoxious rules of Devadatta: not to take milk in any form, nor meat, nor salt; to wear unshaped garments, and to live apart. Another set is: to wear cast-off rags, beg food, have only one set meal a day, dwell in the open, and abstain from all kinds of flesh, milk, etc.

Entries with 2nd row of characters: The 2nd row is Simplified Chinese.

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This page contains 100 results for "Sun Tzu - Art of War" in Chinese and/or Japanese.



Information about this dictionary:

Apparently, we were the first ones who were crazy enough to think that western people might want a combined Chinese, Japanese, and Buddhist dictionary.

A lot of westerners can't tell the difference between Chinese and Japanese - and there is a reason for that. Chinese characters and even whole words were borrowed by Japan from the Chinese language in the 5th century. Much of the time, if a word or character is used in both languages, it will have the same or a similar meaning. However, this is not always true. Language evolves, and meanings independently change in each language.

Example: The Chinese character 湯 for soup (hot water) has come to mean bath (hot water) in Japanese. They have the same root meaning of "hot water", but a 湯屋 sign on a bathhouse in Japan would lead a Chinese person to think it was a "soup house" or a place to get a bowl of soup. See this: Japanese Bath House

This dictionary uses the EDICT and CC-CEDICT dictionary files.
EDICT data is the property of the Electronic Dictionary Research and Development Group, and is used in conformance with the Group's license.

Chinese Buddhist terms come from Dictionary of Chinese Buddhist Terms by William Edward Soothill and Lewis Hodous. This is commonly referred to as "Soothill's'". It was first published in 1937 (and is now off copyright so we can use it here). Some of these definitions may be misleading, incomplete, or dated, but 95% of it is good information. Every professor who teaches Buddhism or Eastern Religion has a copy of this on their bookshelf. We incorporated these 16,850 entries into our dictionary database ourselves (it was lot of work).



Combined, these cover 1,007,753 Japanese, Chinese, and Buddhist characters, words, idioms, names, placenames, and short phrases.

Just because a word appears here does not mean it is appropriate for a tattoo, your business name, etc. Please consult a professional before doing anything stupid with this data.

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No warranty as to the correctness, potential vulgarity, or clarity is expressed or implied. We did not write any of these definitions (though we occasionally act as a contributor/editor to the CC-CEDICT project). You are using this dictionary for free, and you get what you pay for.

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Japanese Kanji Dictionary

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