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<12345678910...>| Characters | Pronunciation Romanization |
Simple Dictionary Definition |
三法 see styles |
sān fǎ san1 fa3 san fa sanbō |
The three dharma, i.e. 教法 the Buddha's teaching; 行法 the practice of it; 證法 realization or experiential proof of it in bodhi and nirvāṇa. |
三漸 三渐 see styles |
sān jiàn san1 jian4 san chien sanzen |
The three progressive developments of the Buddha's teaching according to the Prajñā school: (a) the 鹿苑 initial stage in the Lumbinī deer park; (b) the 方等 period of the eight succeeding years; (c) the 般若 Prajñā or wisdom period which succeeded. |
三照 see styles |
sān zhào san1 zhao4 san chao sanshō |
The three shinings; the sun first shining on the hill-tops, then the valleys and plains. So, according to Tiantai teaching of the Huayan sūtra, the Buddha's doctrine had three periods of such shining: (a) first, he taught the Huayan sūtra, transforming his chief disciples into bodhisattvas; (b) second, the Hīnayāna sūtras in general to śrāvakas and pratyeka-buddhas in the Lumbinī garden; (c) third, the 方等 sūtras down to the 涅槃經 for all the living. See the 六十華嚴經 35, where the order is five, i.e. bodhisattvas, pratyekabuddhas, śrāvakas, lay disciples, and all creatures. |
三獸 三兽 see styles |
sān shòu san1 shou4 san shou sanshū |
The three animals— hare, horse, elephant— crossing a stream. The śrāvaka is like the hare who crosses by swimming on the surface; the pratyeka-buddha is like the horse who crosses deeper than the hare; the bodhisattva is like the elephant who walks across on the bottom. Also likened to the triyāna. 涅槃經 23, 27. |
三生 see styles |
sān shēng san1 sheng1 san sheng mitsuo みつお |
(surname, given name) Mitsuo The three births, or reincarnations, past, present, future. Tiantai has (a) 種 planting the seed; (b) 熟 ripening; (c) 脫 liberating, stripping, or harvesting, i.e. beginning, development, and reward of bodhi, a process either gradual or instantaneous. Huayan has (a) 見聞生 a past life of seeing and hearing Buddha-truth; (b) 解行生 liberation in the present life; (c) 證入生 realization of life in Buddhahood. This is also called 三生成佛, Buddhahood in the course of three lives. There is also a definition of three rebirths as the shortest term for arhatship, sixty kalpas being the longest. There are other definitions. |
三界 see styles |
sān jiè san1 jie4 san chieh mikai みかい |
(1) {Buddh} (See 欲界,色界,無色界) the three realms of existence; (2) (abbreviation) {Buddh} (See 三千大千世界) the whole universe (of a billion worlds) that Buddha enlightened; (3) {Buddh} (See 三世・さんぜ・1) past, present and future existences; (suffix) (4) far-off ...; distant ...; (surname) Mikai Trailokya or Triloka; the three realms; also 三有. It is the Buddhist metaphysical equivalent for the Brahmanic cosmological bhuvanatraya, or triple world of bhūr, bhuvaḥ, and svar, earth, atmosphere, and heaven. The Buddhist three are 欲, 色, and 無色界, i.e. world of sensuous desire, form, and formless world of pure spirit. (a) 欲界 Kāmadhātu is the realm of sensuous desire, of 婬 and 食 sex and food; it includes the six heavens of desire, the human world, and the hells. (b) 色界 Rūpadhātu is the realm of form, meaning 質礙 that which is substantial and resistant: it is above the lust-world and contains (so to speak) bodies, palaces, things, all mystic and wonderful一a semi-material conception like that in Revelation; it is represented in the 四禪天, or Brahmalokas. (c) 無色界 Arūpadhātu, or ārūpyadhātu, is the formless realm of pure spirit, where there are no bodies, places, things, at any rate none to which human terms would apply, but where the mind dwells in mystic contemplation; its extent is indefinable, but it is, conceived of in four stages, i,e. 四空處 the four "empty" regions, or regions of space in the immaterial world, which are 四無色 the four "formless" realms, or realms beyond form; being above the realm of form, their bounds cannot be defined. v. 倶舍論世間品. |
三福 see styles |
sān fú san1 fu2 san fu mifuku みふく |
(place-name, surname) Mifuku The three (sources of) felicity: (1) The 無量壽經 has the felicity of (a) 世福 filial piety, regard for elders, keeping the ten commandments; (b) 戒福 of keeping the other commandments; (c) 行福 of resolve on complete bodhi and the pursuit of the Buddha-way. (2) The 倶舍論 18, has the blessedness of (a) 施類福 almsgiving, in evoking resultant wealth; (b) 戒類福 observance of the 性戒 (against killing, stealing, adultery, lying) and the 遮戒 (against alcohol, etc.), in obtaining a happy lot in the heavens; (c) 修類福 observance of meditation in obtaining final escape from the mortal round. Cf. 三種淨業. |
三綱 三纲 see styles |
sān gāng san1 gang1 san kang sankou / sanko さんこう |
{Buddh} three monastic positions with management roles at a temple; (given name) Sankou The three bonds, i.e. directors of a monastery: (a) 上座 sthavira, elder, president; (b) 寺主vihārasvāmin, v. 毘 the abbot who directs the temporal affairs; (c) 維那 karmadāna, v. 羯 who directs the monks. Another meaning: (a) 上座; (b) 維那; (c) 典座 vihārapāla, v. 毘director of worship. The three vary in different countries. |
三緣 三缘 see styles |
sān yuán san1 yuan2 san yüan sanen |
The three nidānas or links with the Buddha resulting from calling upon him, a term of the Pure Land sect: (a) 親緣 that he hears those who call his name, sees their worship, knows their hearts and is one with them; (b) 近緣 that he shows himself to those who desire to see him; (c) 增上緣 that at every invocation aeons of sin are blotted out, and he and his sacred host receive such a disciple at death. |
三聖 三圣 see styles |
sān shèng san1 sheng4 san sheng misato みさと |
(1) three enlightened men (Buddha, Confucius and Christ; Lao-tzu, Confucius and Buddha; etc.); three sages; three virtuous men; (2) the three most accomplished people (of a particular craft or trade); (female given name) Misato The three sages, or holy ones, of whom there are several groups. The 華嚴Huayan have Vairocana in the center with Mañjuśrī on his left and Samantabhadra on his right. The 彌陀 Mituo or Pure-land sect, have Amitābha in the center, with Avalokiteśvara on his left and Mahāsthāmaprāpta on his right. The Tiantai use the term for the 藏, 別, and 圓教v. 三教. |
三蔵 see styles |
mitsuzou / mitsuzo みつぞう |
three branches of Buddhist sutras; (given name) Mitsuzou |
三藏 see styles |
sān zàng san1 zang4 san tsang sanzō |
Tripitaka, the three main types of text that collectively constitute the Buddhist canon of scriptures: sutras, commandments and commentaries v. 藏. |
三衍 see styles |
sān yǎn san1 yan3 san yen sanen |
The three yāna, or vehicles to nirvāṇa, i.e. śrāvaka, pratyekabuddha, and bodhisattva, v. 三乘. |
三覺 三觉 see styles |
sān jué san1 jue2 san chüeh sankaku |
The three kinds of enlightenment: (1) (a) 自覺 Enlightenment for self; (b) 覺他 for others; (c) 覺行圓 (or 窮) 滿 perfect enlightenment and accomplishment; the first is an arhat's, the first and second a bodhisattva's, all three a Buddha's. (2) From the Awakening of Faith 起信論 (a) 本覺 inherent, potential enlightenment or intelligence of every being; (b) 始覺 , initial, or early stages of such enlightenment, brought about through the external perfuming or influence of teaching, working on the internal perfuming of subconscious intelligence; (c) 究竟覺 completion of enlightenment, the subjective mind in perfect accord with the subconscious (or superconscious) mind, or the inherent intelligence. |
三語 三语 see styles |
sān yǔ san1 yu3 san yü sango |
Buddha's three modes of discourse, i.e. without reserve, or the whole truth; tactical or partial, adapting truth to the capacity of his hearers; and a combination of both. |
三論 三论 see styles |
sān lùn san1 lun4 san lun sanron さんろん |
(abbreviation) (See 三論宗) Sanron sect (of Buddhism) The three śāstras translated by Kumārajīva, on which the 三論宗 Three śāstra School (Mādhyamika) bases its doctrines, i.e. 中論 Madhyamaka-śāstra, on "the Mean", A.D. 409; 十二門論 Dvādaśanikāya-śāstra, on the twelve points, A.D. 408; 百論 Sata-śāstra, the hundred verses, A.D. 404. |
三變 三变 see styles |
sān biàn san1 bian4 san pien sanpen |
(土田) The three transformations of his Buddha-realm made by Śākyamuni on the Vulture peak—- first, his revelation of this world, then its vast extension, and again its still vaster extension. See Lotus Sutra. |
三身 see styles |
sān shēn san1 shen1 san shen sanmi さんみ |
{Buddh} trikaya (three bodies of the Buddha); (surname) Sanmi trikāya. 三寶身 The threefold body or nature of a Buddha, i.e. the 法, 報, and 化身, or dharmakāya, sambhogakāya, and nirmāṇakāya. The three are defined as 自性, 受用, and 變化, the Buddha-body per se, or in its essential nature; his body of bliss, which he "receives" for his own "use" and enjoyment; and his body of transformation, by which he can appear in any form; i.e. spiritual, or essential; glorified; revealed. While the doctrine of the trikāya is a Mahāyāna concept, it partly results from the Hīnayāna idealization of the earthly Buddha with his thirty-two signs, eighty physical marks, clairvoyance, clairaudience, holiness, purity, wisdom, pity, etc. Mahāyāna, however, proceeded to conceive of Buddha as the Universal, the All, with infinity of forms, yet above all our concepts of unity or diversity. To every Buddha Mahāyāna attributed a three-fold body: that of essential Buddha; that of joy or enjoyment of the fruits of his past saving labours; that of power to transform himself at will to any shape for omnipresent salvation of those who need him. The trinity finds different methods of expression, e.g. Vairocana is entitled 法身, the embodiment of the Law, shining everywhere, enlightening all; Locana is 報身; c.f. 三賓, the embodiment of purity and bliss; Śākyamuni is 化身 or Buddha revealed. In the esoteric sect they are 法 Vairocana, 報 Amitābha, and 化 Śākyamuni. The 三賓 are also 法 dharma, 報 saṅgha, 化 buddha. Nevertheless, the three are considered as a trinity, the three being essentially one, each in the other. (1) 法身 Dharmakāya in its earliest conception was that of the body of the dharma, or truth, as preached by Śākyamuni; later it became his mind or soul in contrast with his material body. In Mādhyamika, the dharmakāya was the only reality, i.e. the void, or the immateria1, the ground of all phenomena; in other words, the 眞如 the tathāgatagarbha, the bhūtatathatā. According to the Huayan (Kegon) School it is the 理or noumenon, while the other two are氣or phenomenal aspects. "For the Vijñānavāda... the body of the law as highest reality is the void intelligence, whose infection (saṃkleҫa) results in the process of birth and death, whilst its purification brings about Nirvāṇa, or its restoration to its primitive transparence" (Keith). The "body of the law is the true reality of everything". Nevertheless, in Mahāyāna every Buddha has his own 法身; e.g. in the dharmakāya aspect we have the designation Amitābha, who in his saṃbhogakāya aspect is styled Amitāyus. (2) 報身Sambhogakāya, a Buddha's reward body, or body of enjoyment of the merits he attained as a bodhisattva; in other words, a Buddha in glory in his heaven. This is the form of Buddha as an object of worship. It is defined in two aspects, (a) 自受用身 for his own bliss, and (b) 他受用身 for the sake of others, revealing himself in his glory to bodhisattvas, enlightening and inspiring them. By wisdom a Buddha's dharmakāya is attained, by bodhisattva-merits his saṃbhogakāya. Not only has every Buddha all the three bodies or aspects, but as all men are of the same essence, or nature, as Buddhas, they are therefore potential Buddhas and are in and of the trikāya. Moreover, trikāya is not divided, for a Buddha in his 化身 is still one with his 法身 and 報身, all three bodies being co-existent. (3) 化身; 應身; 應化身 nirmāṇakāya, a Buddha's transformation, or miraculous body, in which he appears at will and in any form outside his heaven, e.g. as Śākyamuni among men. |
三車 三车 see styles |
sān chē san1 che1 san ch`e san che sansha |
triyāna. 三乘 or 三乘法門 (1) The three vehicles across saṃsāra into nirvāṇa, i.e. the carts offered by the father in the Lotus Sutra to lure his children out of the burning house: (a) goat carts, representing śrāvakas; (b) deer carts, pratyekabuddhas; (c) bullock carts, bodhisattvas. (2) The three principal schools of Buddhism— Hīnayāna, Madhyamayāna, Mahāyāna. |
三輩 三辈 see styles |
sān bèi san1 bei4 san pei sanpai |
The three ranks of those who reach the Pure Land of Amitābha: superior i.e. monks and nuns who become enlightened and devote themselves to invocation of the Buddha of boundless age; medium, i.e. laymen of similar character who do pious deeds; inferior, i.e. laymen less perfect than the last. |
三輪 三轮 see styles |
sān lún san1 lun2 san lun miwa みわ |
three wheels; (p,s,f) Miwa The three wheels: (1) The Buddha's (a) 身 body or deeds; (b) 口 mouth, or discourse; (c) 意 mind or ideas. (2) (a) 神通 (or 變) His supernatural powers, or powers of (bodily) self-transformation, associated with 身 body; (b) 記心輪 his discriminating understanding of others, associated with 意 mind; (c) 敎誡輪 or 正敎輪 his (oral) powers of teaching, associated with 口. (3) Similarly (a) 神足輪 ; (b) 說法輪 ; (c) 憶念輪 . (4) 惑, 業, and 苦. The wheel of illusion produces karma, that of karma sets rolling that of suffering, which in turn sets rolling the wheel of illusion. (5) (a) Impermanence; (b) uncleanness; (c) suffering. Cf. 三道. |
三轉 三转 see styles |
sān zhuǎn san1 zhuan3 san chuan santen |
(三轉法輪) The three turns of the law-wheel when the Buddha preached in the Deer Park: (a) 示轉 indicative, i.e. postulation and definition of the 四諦; (b) 勸轉 hortative, e.g. 苦當知 suffering should be diagnosed; (c) 證轉 evidential, e.g. I have overcome suffering, etc. |
三逆 see styles |
sān nì san1 ni4 san ni sangyaku |
The three unpardonable sins of Devadatta, which sent him to the Avici hell— schism, stoning the Buddha to the shedding of his blood, killing a nun. |
三道 see styles |
sān dào san1 dao4 san tao mitsumichi みつみち |
(surname) Mitsumichi (1) The three paths all have to tread; 輪廻三道, 三輪, i.e. (a) 煩惱道 ; 惑道 ; the path of misery, illusion, mortality; (b) 業道 the path of works, action, or doing, productive of karma; (c) 苦道 the resultant path of suffering. As ever recurring they are called the three wheels. (2) 聾, 緣, 菩 śrāvakas, pratyekabuddhas, bodhisattvas, cf. 三乘. |
三達 三达 see styles |
sān dá san1 da2 san ta mitatsu みたつ |
(surname) Mitatsu Three aspects of the omniscience of Buddha: knowledge of future karma, of past karma, of present illusion and liberation; v. 三明. |
三鈷 三钴 see styles |
sān gū san1 gu1 san ku sanko さんこ |
{Buddh} (See 金剛杵) trident vajra; (surname) Sanko A trident; emblem of the Garbhadhātu 三部; and of the 三智, 三觀等, and三軌. Also written 三古 ; 三胡; 三股. |
三門 三门 see styles |
sān mén san1 men2 san men mimon みもん |
Sanmen county in Taizhou 台州[Tai1 zhou1], Zhejiang {Buddh} large triple gate to temple; (surname) Mimon trividha-dvāra, the three gates; a monastery; purity of body, speech, and thought; idem 三解脫門 also 三業. |
三餘 三余 see styles |
sān yú san1 yu2 san yü sanyo |
The three after death remainders, or continued mortal experiences, of śrāvakas and pratyekabuddhas, who mistakenly think they are going to 無餘涅槃final nirvāṇa, but will still find 煩惱餘 further passion and illusion, 業餘 further karma, and 果餘 continued rebirth, in realms beyond the 三界trailokya. |
上供 see styles |
shàng gòng shang4 gong4 shang kung jōgu |
to make offerings (to gods or ancestors); to offer gifts to superiors in order to win their favor To offer up an offering to Buddha, or to ancestors. |
上品 see styles |
shàng pǐn shang4 pin3 shang p`in shang pin kamishina かみしな |
top-quality Buddhism's highest paradise; (place-name) Kamishina Superior order, grade, or class. |
上座 see styles |
shàng zuò shang4 zuo4 shang tso jouza / joza じょうざ |
seat of honor (n,vs,adj-no) chief seat; seat of honor; seat of honour; head of the table; (place-name) Jōza Sthavira; or Mahāsthavira. Old man, or elder; head monk, president, or abbot; the first Buddhist fathers; a title of Mahākāśyapa; also of monks of twenty to forty-nine years standing, as 中座 are from ten to nineteen and 下座 under ten. The 釋氏要覽 divides presiding elders into four classes, those presiding over monasteries, over assemblies of monks, over sects, and laymen presiding over feasts to monks. |
上綱 上纲 see styles |
shàng gāng shang4 gang1 shang kang kamitsuna かみつな |
(n,n-suf) (1) (じょうこう only) {biol} superclass; (2) (archaism) {Buddh} (See 僧綱) top-ranking priest in the Office of Monastic Affairs; (surname) Kamitsuna The "higher bond' or superior, the 上座 or Sthavira, among the three directors of a monastery. v. 三綱. |
下界 see styles |
xià jiè xia4 jie4 hsia chieh gekai げかい |
lower bound (math.); world of mortals; (of gods) to descend to the world of mortals (noun - becomes adjective with の) (1) the world; the earth; (2) {Buddh} this world (as opposed to heaven) The lower, or human world 人界. |
下種 下种 see styles |
xià zhǒng xia4 zhong3 hsia chung shimodane しもだね |
(adj-na,n,adj-no) (1) low-life; sleazebag; boor; (2) person of humble rank; humble person; peasant; menial; churl; petty official; (place-name) Shimodane To sow the seed; to preach, or teach. Tiantai defines three periods: (1) 種 when the seed of Buddha's teaching is sown in the heart; (2) 熟 when it ripens; (3) 脫 when it is stripped or harvested, i. e when one abandons all things. |
下轉 下转 see styles |
xià zhuǎn xia4 zhuan3 hsia chuan geten |
The downward turn, in transmigration. Primal ignorance or unenlightenment 無明acting against the primal, true, or Buddha-nature causes transmigration. The opposite is上轉 when the good prevails over the evil. 下轉is sometimes used for 下化 to save those below. |
不二 see styles |
bù èr bu4 er4 pu erh fuji ふじ |
the only (choice, way etc); undivided (loyalty) {Buddh} advaitam (non-duality); (surname, female given name) Fuji advaya. No second, non-duality, the one and undivided, the unity of all things, the one reality、 the universal Buddha-nature. There are numerous combinations, e. g. 善惡不二 good and evil are not a dualism: nor are 有 and 空 the material and immaterial, nor are 迷 and 悟 delusion and awareness— all these are of the one Buddha-nature. |
不動 不动 see styles |
bù dòng bu4 dong4 pu tung fudou / fudo ふどう |
motionless (adj-no,n) (1) immovable; motionless; firm; unwavering; unshakable; steadfast; (2) (abbreviation) {Buddh} (See 不動明王) Acala (Wisdom King); Fudō; fierce Buddhist deity; (place-name, surname) Fudou acala; niścala; dhruva. The unmoved, immobile, or motionless; also 無動 the term is used for the unvarying or unchanging, for the pole-star, for fearlessness, for indifference to passion or temptation. It is a special term of Shingon 異言 applied to its most important Bodhisattva, the 不動明王 q. v. |
不拜 see styles |
bù bài bu4 bai4 pu pai fuhai |
Lay Buddhists may not pay homage to the gods or demons of other religions; monks and nuns may not pay homage to kings or parents. |
不法 see styles |
bù fǎ bu4 fa3 pu fa fuhou / fuho ふほう |
lawless; illegal; unlawful (noun or adjectival noun) (1) unlawful; illegal; (noun or adjectival noun) (2) unreasonable; outrageous; unjust; unwarranted Not in accordance with the Buddha law, wrong, improper, unlawful. |
不犯 see styles |
bù fàn bu4 fan4 pu fan fubon ふぼん |
{Buddh} strict observance of the commandment that all priests should be celibate non-violation [of precepts] |
不輕 不轻 see styles |
bù qīng bu4 qing1 pu ch`ing pu ching fukyō |
Never Despise, 常不輕菩薩 a previous incarnation of the Buddha, as a monk whose constant greeting to all he met, that they were destined for Buddhahood, brought him much persecution; see the chapter of this title in the Lotus Sutra. |
不退 see styles |
bù tuì bu4 tui4 pu t`ui pu tui futai ふたい |
determination; (surname) Futai (不退轉) avaivartika, or avinivartanīya. Never receding, always progressing, not backsliding, or losing ground; never retreating but going straight to nirvana; an epithet of every Buddha. |
不道 see styles |
bù dào bu4 dao4 pu tao fudou; budou; butou / fudo; budo; buto ふどう; ぶどう; ぶとう |
(noun or adjectival noun) (1) (archaism) (See 無道) inhuman; immoral; unreasonable; outrageous; wicked; (2) (archaism) (See 八虐) barbarity (one of the eight unpardonable crimes, incl. killing three people in one family, or dismembering a corpse) immoral |
不鯛 see styles |
budai ぶだい |
(kana only) Japanese parrotfish (Calotomus japonicus) |
世依 see styles |
shì yī shi4 yi1 shih i sei / se せい |
(female given name) Sei He on whom the world relies— Buddha. |
世典 see styles |
shì diǎn shi4 dian3 shih tien tokinori ときのり |
(given name) Tokinori Non-Buddhist classical works. |
世尊 see styles |
shì zūn shi4 zun1 shih tsun seson せそん |
World Honored One; Revered One of the World (Buddha) World-Honored One (honorific name for Gautama Buddha) lokajyeṣṭha, world's most Venerable, or lokanātha, lord of worlds. 盧迦委斯諦; 路迦那他 World-honoured, an epithet of every Buddha. Also a tr. of Bhagavat, v. 婆. |
世福 see styles |
shì fú shi4 fu2 shih fu sefuku |
Earthly happiness, arising from the ordinary good living of those unenlightened by Buddhism, one of the 三福; also, the blessings of this world. |
世英 see styles |
shì yīng shi4 ying1 shih ying seiei / see せいえい |
(personal name) Seiei World hero, i. e. a Buddha; also 世雄. |
両忘 see styles |
ryoubou; ryoumou / ryobo; ryomo りょうぼう; りょうもう |
(rare) {Buddh} detachment from dichotomies; detachment from objectivity and subjectivity |
両部 see styles |
ryoube / ryobe りょうべ |
(1) {Buddh} two parts; both parts; (2) both realms (i.e. the Diamond Realm and the Womb Realm); (3) (abbreviation) (See 両部神道) Shinto-Buddhist amalgamation; (surname) Ryōbe |
中乘 see styles |
zhōng shèng zhong1 sheng4 chung sheng chūjō |
The middle vehicle to nirvana, includes all intermediate or medial systems between Hīnayāna and Mahāyāna. It also corresponds with the state of a pratyekabuddha, who lives chiefly for his own salvation but partly for others, like a man sitting in the middle of a vehicle, leaving scarcely room for others. It is a definition made by Mahayanists unknown to Hīnayāna. |
中唄 中呗 see styles |
zhōng bài zhong1 bai4 chung pai chūbai |
Chanting of 梵唄 Buddhist hymns is divided into three kinds 初, 中, and 後. |
中因 see styles |
zhōng yīn zhong1 yin1 chung yin chūin |
An arrangement by the esoteric sect of the Five Dhyāni-Buddhas, Vairocana being the first in position, Akṣobhya east, and so on. |
中士 see styles |
zhōng shì zhong1 shi4 chung shih chūshi |
medium disciples, i. e. śrāvakas and pratyekabuddhas, who can gain emancipation for themselves, but cannot confer it on others: cf. 下士 and 上士. |
中夜 see styles |
zhōng yè zhong1 ye4 chung yeh nakaya なかや |
(1) {Buddh} (See 六時) midnight period; midnight service; (2) (archaism) winter solstice; (surname) Nakaya midnight |
中宗 see styles |
zhōng zōng zhong1 zong1 chung tsung nakamune なかむね |
(surname) Nakamune The school or principle of the mean, represented by the 法相宗 Dharmalakṣaṇa school, which divides the Buddha's teaching into three periods, the first in which he preached 有 existence, the second 空 non-existence, the third 中 neither, something 'between' or above them, e. g. a realm of pure spirit, vide the 深密經 Saṃdhinirmocana-sūtra and the Lotus Sutra. |
中尊 see styles |
zhōng zūn zhong1 zun1 chung tsun chuuzon; chuuson / chuzon; chuson ちゅうぞん; ちゅうそん |
{Buddh} (See 三尊・さんぞん・1,脇侍・きょうじ) central image (e.g. in a Buddha triad) The central honored one— in any group of Buddhas, e. g. 不動尊 among the five 明王. |
中有 see styles |
zhōng yǒu zhong1 you3 chung yu chuuu / chuu ちゅうう |
{Buddh} (See 中陰,四有) bardo; state (or period) of intermediate existence between one's death and rebirth (in Japan, 49 days) One of the 四有, i. e. the antarā-bhāva or intermediate state of existence between death and reincarnation; hence 中有之旅 is an unsettled being in search of a new habitat or reincarnation; v. 中陰. |
中胎 see styles |
zhōng tāi zhong1 tai1 chung t`ai chung tai chūtai |
(中胎藏) The central figure of the eight-petalled group of the Garbhadhātu maṇḍala; i. e. the phenomenal Vairocana who has around him four Buddhas and four bodhisattvas, each on a petal. From this maṇḍala spring the four other great maṇḍalas. |
中臺 中台 see styles |
zhōng tái zhong1 tai2 chung t`ai chung tai nakadai なかだい |
China and Taiwan (surname) Nakadai The name of a Buddha in the center of lotus. |
中蘊 中蕴 see styles |
zhōng yùn zhong1 yun4 chung yün chuuun / chuun ちゅううん |
{Buddh} (See 中陰) bardo; state (or period) of intermediate existence between one's death and rebirth (in Japan, 49 days) intermediate aggregate |
中諦 中谛 see styles |
zhōng dì zhong1 di4 chung ti chuutai / chutai ちゅうたい |
{Buddh} (See 三諦) truth of the middle (all things are in a middle state, being void yet having temporary existence) The third of the 三諦 three postulates of the Tiantai school, i. e. 空, 假, and 中 q. v. |
中陰 中阴 see styles |
zhōng yīn zhong1 yin1 chung yin nakakage なかかげ |
{Buddh} bardo; state (or period) of intermediate existence between one's death and rebirth (in Japan, 49 days); (place-name) Nakakage The intermediate existence between death and reincarnation, a stage varying from seven to forty-nine days, when the karma-body will certainly be reborn; v. 中有. |
中體 中体 see styles |
zhōng tǐ zhong1 ti3 chung t`i chung ti chūtai |
The central Buddha in a group. |
丸太 see styles |
maruta まるた |
(1) log; (2) (kana only) dace (Tribolodon hakonensis); (3) (kana only) (hist) (sensitive word) (See 七三一部隊) test subject (of human experiments performed by Unit 731 during WWII); (4) (derogatory term) (archaism) prostitute dressed as a Buddhist nun; (place-name, surname) Maruta |
乘津 see styles |
shèng jīn sheng4 jin1 sheng chin jōshin |
The vehicle and ford to nirvana, i.e. Buddha-truth. |
乘種 乘种 see styles |
shèng zhǒng sheng4 zhong3 sheng chung jōshu |
The vehicle-seed, or seed issuing from the Buddha-vehicle. |
九劫 see styles |
jiǔ jié jiu3 jie2 chiu chieh ku kō |
The nine kalpas; though Śākyamuni and Maitreya started together, the zeal of the first enabled him to become Buddha nine kalpas sooner; see 大賓積經 111. |
九品 see styles |
jiǔ pǐn jiu3 pin3 chiu p`in chiu pin kuhon くほん |
(1) (abbreviation) {Buddh} (See 浄土・1) nine levels of Amitabha's Pure Land; (2) (くほん only) (See 九品浄土) Amitabha's Pure Land; (3) (くほん only) (See 九品蓮台) nine-tiered lotus leaf platform in Amitabha's Pure Land; (given name) Kuhon Nine classes, or grades, i.e. 上上, 上中, 上下 upper superior, middle superior, lower superior, and so on with 中 and 下. They are applied in many ways, e.g. 上品上生 the highest type of incarnate being, to 下品下生, the lowest, with corresponding karma; see 九品淨土. Each grade may also be subdivided into nine, thus making a list of eighty-one grades, with similar further subdivision ad infinitum. |
九字 see styles |
jiǔ zì jiu3 zi4 chiu tzu kuji くじ |
{Buddh} (See 臨兵闘者皆陣裂在前) nine-character charm chanted with ritual gestures to ward off evil (esp. by mountain ascetics and adherents of Esoteric Buddhism) The nine magical characters 臨兵鬪者皆陳列在前 implying that the armed forces are arrayed against the powers of evil. After reciting these words, four vertical and five horizontal lines, forming a grid, are drawn in the air to show that the forces are arrayed. It was used among Taoists and soldiers, and is still used in Japan, especially when going into the mountains. |
九尊 see styles |
jiǔ zūn jiu3 zun1 chiu tsun kuson |
The nine honoured ones in the eight-petalled hall of the Garbhadhātu, i.e. Vairocana in the centre of the lotus, with four Buddhas and four bodhisattvas on the petals, the lotus representing the human heart; v. 五佛. |
九惱 九恼 see styles |
jiun ǎo jiun3 ao3 jiun ao kunō |
also 九難, 九橫, 九罪報 The nine distresses borne by the Buddha while in the flesh, i.e. the two women Sundarā and Cañcā; others from Devadatta, Ajātaśatru, etc.; v. 智度論 9. |
九曜 see styles |
jiǔ yào jiu3 yao4 chiu yao kuyou / kuyo くよう |
(surname) Kuyou 九執 q.v. Navagraha. The nine luminaries: 日 Āditya, the sun; 月 Sōma, the moon; the five planets, i.e. 火星 Aṅgāraka, Mars; 水 Budha, Mercury; 木 Bṛhaspati, Jupiter; 金 Sukra, Venus; and 土 Śanaiścara, Saturn; also 羅睺 Rāhu, the spirit that causes eclipses; and 計都 Ketu, a comet. Each is associated with a region of the sky and also with a bodhisattva, etc., e.g. the sun with Guanyin, Venus with Amitābha, etc. |
九界 see styles |
jiǔ jiè jiu3 jie4 chiu chieh kukai |
(九界情執) The nine realms of error, or subjection to the passions, i.e. all the realms of the living except the tenth and highest, the Buddha-realm. |
九識 九识 see styles |
jiǔ shì jiu3 shi4 chiu shih kumi くみ |
(female given name) Kumi The kinds of cognition or consciousness (vijñāna); those of sight, hearing, smell, taste, touch, mind, mānas (or阿陁那識 ādāna), i.e. mental perception; 阿賴耶 ālāya, bodhi-consciousness, and 阿摩羅識 amala, purified or Buddha-consciousness. There is considerable difference as to the meaning of the last three. |
九輪 九轮 see styles |
jiǔ lún jiu3 lun2 chiu lun kurin くりん |
kurin; nine vertically stacked rings on a pagoda finial; (given name) Kurin The nine wheels or circles on the top of a pagoda, also called 空輪the wheels of space; the nine should only be on the stūpa of a Buddha, others are entitled to as many as eight and a few as one. |
九部 see styles |
jiǔ bù jiu3 bu4 chiu pu kubu |
(九部經) Nine of the Hīnayāna twelve classes of sūtras, that is, all except the 方廣, 授記 and 無門自說. Generally the term is thus interpreted, but there is also a Mahāyāna division of nine of the twelve sūtras, i.e. all except the 緣起, 譬喩, 論議. These are: sūtras, the Buddha's sermons; geyas, metrical pieces; vyākaraṇas, prophecies; gāthās, chants or poems; udāṇas, impromptu or unsolicited addresses; ityuktas, or itivṛttakas, marratives; jātakas, stories of former lives of Buddha, etc.; vaipulyas, expanded sūtras, etc.; adbhutadharmas, miracles, etc.; v. 十二部經. |
乞士 see styles |
qǐ shì qi3 shi4 ch`i shih chi shih kosshi こっし |
(rare) (See 比丘) bhikkhu (fully ordained Buddhist monk) A bhikṣu, mendicant monk, or almsman. |
乳味 see styles |
rǔ wèi ru3 wei4 ju wei nyūmi |
The flavour of fresh milk, to which the Buddha's teaching in the 華嚴經 Huayan jing is compared. |
亂世 乱世 see styles |
luàn shì luan4 shi4 luan shih |
the world in chaos; troubled times; (in Buddhism) the mortal world See: 乱世 |
了教 see styles |
liǎo jiào liao3 jiao4 liao chiao Ryōkyō |
A noted disciple named Ajñāta-Kauṇḍinya, v. 阿, also known as拘鄰鄰,了本際 and 知本際. He is described as "a prince of Magadha, maternal uncle of Śākyamuni, whose first disciple he became". He is "to be reborn as Buddha under the name of Samanṭa-Prabhāsa". Eitel. |
了知 see styles |
liǎo zhī liao3 zhi1 liao chih ryouchi / ryochi りょうち |
(Buddhism) to fully understand; to understand completely (noun, transitive verb) knowing; understanding; appreciation Parijñā, thorough knowledge. |
予実 see styles |
yojitsu よじつ |
{bus} (from 予算 + 実績) forecast and actual results; budget and actual amounts |
予算 see styles |
yosan よさん |
(noun/participle) estimate (of costs); budget |
事観 see styles |
jikan じかん |
{Buddh} (See 理觀) contemplation of phenomena |
二三 see styles |
èr sān er4 san1 erh san matakazu またかず |
(n,adv) two or three; (surname) Matakazu The six non-Buddhist philosophers, 二三邪徒. |
二世 see styles |
èr shì er4 shi4 erh shih futase ふたせ |
the Second (of numbered kings); second generation (e.g. Chinese Americans) {Buddh} two existences; the present and the future; (female given name) Futase This life and the hereafter. |
二乘 see styles |
èr shèng er4 sheng4 erh sheng nijō |
dviyāna. The two vehicles conveying to the final goal. There are several definitions: (1) Mahāyāna and Hīnayāna. (2) 聲聞 and 緣覺 or 聲覺二乘 . Śrāvaka and Pratyekabuddha. (3) 二乘作佛 The Lotus Sūtra teaches that śrāvakas and pratyekas also become Buddhas. (4) 三一二乘 The "two vehicles" of "three" and "one", the three being the pre-Lotus ideas of śrāvaka, pratyeka, and bodhsattva, the one being the doctrine of the Lotus Sūtra which combined all three in one. |
二光 see styles |
èr guāng er4 guang1 erh kuang nikō |
The dual lights, i.e. 色光 the halo from a Buddha's body and 心光 the light from his mind. Also 常光 the constant halo from the bodies of Buddhas and 神通光 the supernatural light sent out by a Buddha (e.g. from between his eyebrows) to illuminate a distant world. |
二加 see styles |
èr jiā er4 jia1 erh chia nika |
The dual aid bestowed by the Buddha, 顯加 manifest or external aid bestowed by the Buddha, in the blessings and powers of this life; 冥加 invisible aid bestowed by the Buddha, in getting rid of sins, increasing virtue, etc. |
二因 see styles |
èr yīn er4 yin1 erh yin niin / nin にいん |
{Buddh} two causes Two causes, of which there are various definitions: (1) 生因 The producing cause (of all good things); and 了因 the revealing or illuminating cause i.e. knowledge, or wisdom. (2) 能生因 The 8th 識 q. v.: the cause that is able to produce all sense and perceptions, also all good and evil; and 方便因 the environmental or adaptive cause, which aids the 8th 識, as water or earth does the seed, etc. (3) 習因 or 同類因 Practice or habit as cause e. g. desire causing desire; and 報因 or 果熟因 the rewarding cause, or fruit-ripening cause, e. g. pleasure or pain caused by good or evil deeds. (4) 正因 Correct or direct cause i.e. the Buddha-nature of all beings; and 緣因 the contributory cause, or enlightenment (see 了因 above) which evolves the 正因 or Buddha-nature by good works. (5) 近因 Immediate or direct cause and 遠因 distant or indirect cause or causes. |
二土 see styles |
èr tǔ er4 tu3 erh t`u erh tu nido |
There are three groups: 性土 and 相土 : the former is the ubiquitous, unadulterated or innocent 法性之理 dharma-name, or essence of things; the latter is the form-nature, or formal existence of the dharma, pure or impure according to the mind and action of the living. The 淨土 and 穢土 are Pure-land or Paradise; and impure land, e.g. the present world. In the Pure-land there are also 報土 , the land in which a Buddha himself dwells and 化土 in which all beings are transformed. There are other definitions, e. g. the former is Buddha's Paradise, the latter the world in which he dwells and which he is transforming, e. g. this Sahā-world. |
二如 see styles |
èr rú er4 ru2 erh ju ninyo |
There are various definitions of the two aspects of the 眞如 bhūtatathatā. (1) (a) 不變眞如 The changeless essence or substance, e.g. the sea; (b) 隨緣眞如 its conditioned or ever-changing forms, as in the phenomenal world, e.g. the waves. (2) (a) 離言眞如 The inexpressible absolute, only mentally conceivable; (6) 依言眞如 aspects of it expressible in words, its ideal reflex. (3) (a) 空眞如 The absolute as the void, e.g. as space, the sky, a clear mirror; (b) 不空眞如 the absolute in manifestation, or phenomenal, e. g. images in the mirror: the womb of the universe in which are all potentialities. (4) (a) 在纏眞如The Buddha-nature in bonds, i.e. all beings in suffering; (b) 出纏真如the Buddha-nature set free by the manifestation of the Buddha and bodhisattvas. (5) (a) 有垢眞如The Buddha-nature defiled, as in unenlightened man, etc., e.g. the water-lily with its roots in the mud; (b) 無垢眞如 the pure Buddha-nature, purifed or bright as the full moon. (6) 安立 and 非安立眞如 similar to the first definition given above. |
二心 see styles |
èr xīn er4 xin1 erh hsin nishin ふたごころ |
disloyalty; half-heartedness; duplicity duplicity; treachery; double-dealing The two minds, 眞心 the original, simple, pure, natural mind of all creatures, the Buddha-mind, i.e. 如來藏心; and 妄心 the illusion-mind, which results in complexity and confusion. Also, 定心 the meditative mind, or mind fixed on goodness; and the 散心 the scattered, inattentive mind, or mind that is only good at intervals. |
二教 see styles |
èr jiào er4 jiao4 erh chiao nikyō |
Dual division of the Buddha's teaching. There are various definitions: (1) Tiantai has (a) 顯教 exoteric or public teaching to the visible audience, and (b) 密教 at the same time esoteric teaching to an audience invisible to the other assembly. (2) The 眞言 Shingon School by "exoteric" means all the Buddha's preaching, save that of the 大日經 which it counts esoteric. (3) (a) 漸教 and (b) 頓教 graduated and immediate teaching, terms with various uses, e.g. salvation by works Hīnayāna, and by faith, Mahāyāna, etc.; they are applied to the Buddha's method, to the receptivity of hearers and to the teaching itself. (4) Tiantai has (a) 界内教 and (b) 界外教 teachings relating to the 三界 or realms of mortality and teachings relating to immortal realms. (5) (a) 半字教 and (b) 滿字教 Terms used in the Nirvāṇa sūtra, meaning incomplete word, or letter, teaching and complete word teaching, i.e. partial and complete, likened to Hīnayāna and Mahāyāna. (6) (a) 捃收教 and (b) 扶律談常教 of the Nirvāṇa sūtra, (a) completing those who failed to hear the Lotus; (b) "supporting the law, while discoursing on immortality," i.e. that the keeping of the law is also necessary to salvation. (7) Tiantai's division of (a) 偏教 and (b) 圓教 the partial teaching of the 藏, 通, and schools as contrasted with the perfect teaching of the 圓 school. (8) Tiantai's division of (a) 構教 and (6) 實教 temporary and permanent, similar to the last two. (9) (a) 世間教 The ordinary teaching of a moral life here; (b) 出世間教 the teaching of Buddha-truth of other-worldly happiness in escape from mortality. (10) (a) 了義教 the Mahāyāna perfect or complete teaching, and (b) 不了義教 Hīnayāna incompleteness. (11) The Huayan division of (a) 屈曲教 indirect or uneven teaching as in the Lotus and Nirvāṇa sūtras, and (b) 平道教 direct or levelled up teaching as in the Huayan sūtra. (12) The Huayan division of (a) 化教 all the Buddha's teaching for conversion and general instruction, and (b) 制教 his rules and commandments for the control and development of his order. |
二智 see styles |
èr zhì er4 zhi4 erh chih nichi |
The two kinds of wisdom; there are various pairs. The Huayan school uses 如理智 and 如量智; the Faxiang (法相) uses 根本智 and 後得智; the Tiantai uses 權智 and 實智. (1) (a) 如理智 or 根本智, 無分別智, 正體智, 眞智, 實智 is Buddha-wisdom, or Bodhisattva real wisdom; (b) 如量智 or 後得智, the same wisdom in its limitation and relation to ordinary human affairs. (2) (a) 實智 Absolute wisdom and (b) 權智 or 方便智 | relative or temporal wisdom. (3) (a) 一切智 wisdom of the all, (b) 一切種智 wisdom of all the particulars. |
二現 二现 see styles |
èr xiàn er4 xian4 erh hsien nigen |
The two kinds of manifestation, or appearance, 須現 the necessary appearance in the flesh of the Buddha for ordinary people, and 不須現 the non-necessity for this to those of spiritual vision. |
二罪 see styles |
èr zuì er4 zui4 erh tsui nizai |
The two classes of offence: (a) 性罪 crime which is wrong in itself, e.g. murder, etc.; (b) 遮罪 crime not wrong in itself, e.g. taking alcohol, but forbidden by the Buddha for the sake of the other commandments; transgression of this is therefore a sin against the Buddha. |
二藏 see styles |
èr zàng er4 zang4 erh tsang nizō |
The two piṭakas or tripiṭakas, i.e. the Buddhist canon: (a) 聲聞藏 the Śrāvaka, or Hīnayāna canon: (b) 菩薩藏 the Bodhisattva, or Mahāyanā canon. |
Entries with 2nd row of characters: The 2nd row is Simplified Chinese.
This page contains 100 results for "Bud" in Chinese and/or Japanese.Information about this dictionary:
Apparently, we were the first ones who were crazy enough to think that western people might want a combined Chinese, Japanese, and Buddhist dictionary.
A lot of westerners can't tell the difference between Chinese and Japanese - and there is a reason for that. Chinese characters and even whole words were borrowed by Japan from the Chinese language in the 5th century. Much of the time, if a word or character is used in both languages, it will have the same or a similar meaning. However, this is not always true. Language evolves, and meanings independently change in each language.
Example: The Chinese character 湯 for soup (hot water) has come to mean bath (hot water) in Japanese. They have the same root meaning of "hot water", but a 湯屋 sign on a bathhouse in Japan would lead a Chinese person to think it was a "soup house" or a place to get a bowl of soup. See this: Japanese Bath House
This dictionary uses the EDICT and CC-CEDICT dictionary files.
EDICT data is the property of the Electronic Dictionary Research and Development Group, and is used in conformance with the Group's
license.
Chinese Buddhist terms come from Dictionary of Chinese Buddhist Terms by William Edward Soothill and Lewis Hodous. This is commonly referred to as "Soothill's'". It was first published in 1937 (and is now off copyright so we can use it here). Some of these definitions may be misleading, incomplete, or dated, but 95% of it is good information. Every professor who teaches Buddhism or Eastern Religion has a copy of this on their bookshelf. We incorporated these 16,850 entries into our dictionary database ourselves (it was lot of work).
Combined, these cover 1,007,753 Japanese, Chinese, and Buddhist characters, words, idioms, names, placenames, and short phrases.
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No warranty as to the correctness, potential vulgarity, or clarity is expressed or implied. We did not write any of these definitions (though we occasionally act as a contributor/editor to the CC-CEDICT project). You are using this dictionary for free, and you get what you pay for.
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