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<12345678910...>| Characters | Pronunciation Romanization |
Simple Dictionary Definition |
触 see styles |
fure ふれ |
(1) {Buddh} contact; touch; (2) {Buddh} tactile object; (3) {Buddh} uncleanliness; (surname) Fure |
証 证 see styles |
zhèng zheng4 cheng shou / sho しょう |
to admonish; variant of 證|证[zheng4] (1) proof; evidence; (suffix noun) (2) certificate; license; permit; membership card; ID card; (3) {Buddh} enlightenment; (4) symptoms (in Chinese medicine); patient's condition; (given name) Shou |
諦 谛 see styles |
dì di4 ti tai たい |
to examine; truth (Buddhism) {Buddh} satya; truth; (given name) Tai To judge, examine into, investigate, used in Buddhism for satya, a truth, a dogma, an axiom; applied to the āryasatyāni, the four dogmas, or noble truths, of 苦, 集, 滅, and 道 suffering, (the cause of its) assembly, the ( possibility of its cure, or) extinction, and the way (to extinction), i.e. the eightfold noble path, v. 四諦 and 八聖道. There are other categories of 諦, e.g. (2) 眞 and 俗 Reality in contrast with ordinary ideas of things; (3) 空, 假 and 中 q.v. (6) by the 勝論宗; and(8) by the 法相宗.; Two forms of statement: (a) 俗諦 saṃvṛti-satya, also called 世諦, 世俗諦, 覆俗諦, 覆諦, meaning common or ordinary statement, as if phenomena were real; (b) 眞諦 paramartha-satya, also called 第一諦, 勝義諦, meaning the correct dogma or averment of the enlightened. Another definition is 王法 and 佛法, royal law and Buddha law. |
講 讲 see styles |
jiǎng jiang3 chiang kousaki / kosaki こうさき |
to speak; to explain; to negotiate; to emphasize; to be particular about; as far as something is concerned; speech; lecture (n,n-suf) (1) (Buddhist) lecture meeting; (n,n-suf) (2) religious association; (n,n-suf) (3) mutual assistance association (i.e. for financial assistance); (surname) Kōsaki To talk, explain, preach, discourse. |
識 识 see styles |
zhì zhi4 chih tsuguhide つぐひで |
to record; to write a footnote (1) acquaintanceship; (2) {Buddh} vijnana; consciousness; (3) (after a signature) written by...; (personal name) Tsuguhide vijñāna, "the art of distinguishing, or perceiving, or recognizing, discerning, understanding, comprehending, distinction, intelligence, knowledge, science, learning . . . wisdom." M.W. parijñāna, "perception, thorough knowledge," etc. M.W. It is intp. by 心 the mind, mental discernment, perception, in contrast with the object discerned; also by 了別 understanding and discrimination. There are classifications of 一識 that all things are the one mind, or are metaphysical; 二識 q. v. discriminating the ālaya-vijñāna or primal undivided condition from the mano-vijñāna or that of discrimination; 三識 in the Laṅkāvatāra Sutra, fundamental, manifested and discriminate; 五識 q.v. in the 起信論, i.e. 業, 轉, 現, 知, and 相續識; 六識 the perceptions and discernings of the six organs of sense; also of 8, 9, 10, and 11 識. The most important is the eight of the 起信論, i.e. the perceptions of the six organs of sense, eye, ear, nose, tongue, body (or touch), and mind, together with manas, intp. as 意識 the consciousness of the previous moment, on which the other six depend; the eighth is the ālaya-vijñāna, v. 阿賴耶, in which is contained the seed or stock of all phenomena and which 無沒 loses none, or nothing, is indestructible; a substitute for the seventh is ādāna 'receiving' of the 唯識, which is intp. as 無解 undiscriminated, or indefinite perception; there is a difference of view between the 相 and the 性 schools in regard to the seventh and eight 識; and the latter school add a ninth called the amala, or pure vijñāna, i.e. the non-phenomenal 眞如識. The esoterics add that all phenomena are mental and all things are the one mind, hence the one mind is 無量識 unlimited mind or knowledge, every kind of knowledge, or omniscience. vijñāna is one of the twelve nidānas.; Ālaya-vijñāna and mano-vijñāna; i. e. 阿梨耶 | and 分別事 |; v. 識. |
貪 贪 see styles |
tān tan1 t`an tan tan; ton; don たん; とん; どん |
to have a voracious desire for; to covet; greedy; corrupt (1) coveting; (2) {Buddh} (usu. とん) raga (desire) rāga; colouring, dyeing, tint, red; affection, passion, vehement longing or desire; cf. M. W. In Chinese: cupidity, desire; intp. tainted by and in bondage to the five desires; it is the first in order of the 五鈍使 pañca-kleśa q. v., and means hankering after, desire for, greed, which causes clinging to earthly life and things, therefore reincarnation. |
足 see styles |
zú zu2 tsu mitsuru みつる |
(bound form) foot; leg; sufficient; ample; as much as; fully (counter) counter for pairs of socks, shoes, etc.; (given name) Mitsuru Foot, leg; enough, full.; A man's two legs, compared to goodness and wisdom, 福 being counted as the first five of the pāramitās, 智 as the sixth; v. 六度. 二足尊 The honoured one among bipeds or men, i. e. a Buddha; cf. 兩足. |
躯 see styles |
mukuro むくろ |
(ctr,suf) (archaism) counter for Buddhist images (statues and paintings); (female given name) Mukuro |
酪 see styles |
lào lao4 lao raku らく |
(bound form) semi-solid food made from milk (junket, cheese etc); (bound form) fruit jelly; sweet paste made with crushed nuts; Taiwan pr. [luo4] (See 五味・2) acidic drink made from fermented milk (cow, sheep, mare; one of the five flavors in Buddhism) dadhi, a thick, sour milk which is highly esteemed as a food and as a remedy or preventive. |
釋 释 see styles |
shì shi4 shih toki とき |
to explain; to release; Buddha (abbr. for 釋迦牟尼|释迦牟尼[Shi4 jia1 mou2 ni2]); Buddhism (surname) Toki To separate out, set free, unloose, explain; Buddhism, Buddhist; translit. śa, śi; also ḍ, ḍh. |
鎮 镇 see styles |
zhèn zhen4 chen yasushi やすし |
to press down; to calm; to subdue; to suppress; to guard; garrison; small town; to cool or chill (food or drinks) (1) (archaism) {Buddh} a weight; (2) (ちん only) temple supervisor; (3) (ちん only) town (of China); (personal name) Yasushi |
閦 see styles |
chù chu4 ch`u chu |
crowd; transliteration of Sanskrit 'kso', e.g. Aksobhya Buddha 阿閦佛 |
阿 see styles |
ē e1 o hodo ほど |
(literary) to flatter; to curry favor with (1) (See 阿字・あじ) first Sanskrit alphabet letter; (2) (abbreviation) (See 阿弗利加・アフリカ) Africa; (3) (abbreviation) Awa (old province of Japan); (prefix) (4) (familiar language) (archaism) prefixed to names to show intimacy; (surname) Hodo M077477 羅陀補羅 Anurādhapura, a northern city of Ceylon, at which tradition says Buddhism was introduced into the island; cf. Abhayagiri, 阿跋.; M077477 樓馱 v. 阿那律Aniruddha.; a or ā, अ, आ. It is the first letter of the Sanskrit Siddham alphabet, and is also translit. by 曷, 遏, 安, 頞, 韻, 噁, etc. From it are supposed to be born all the other letters, and it is the first sound uttered by the human mouth. It has therefore numerous mystical indications. Being also a negation it symbolizes the unproduced, the impermanent, the immaterial; but it is employed in many ways indicative of the positive. Amongst other uses it indicates Amitābha, from the first syllable in that name. It is much in use for esoteric purposes. |
院 see styles |
yuàn yuan4 yüan in いん |
courtyard; institution; CL:個|个[ge4] (1) (See 下院・かいん) house of parliament (congress, diet, etc.); (2) graduate school; postgraduate school; (suffix) (3) (See 医院・いいん,病院・びょういん) institution (often medical); institutional building; government office; (suffix) (4) {Buddh} sub-temple; minor temple building; temple; cloister; (5) (honorific or respectful language) imperial palace; (6) (honorific or respectful language) (hist) (See 女院・にょういん) title bestowed on empresses, princesses, etc.; (suffix) (7) former (esp. of emperors, daimyos, etc.); late; (surname, female given name) In ārāma, pleasaunce, garden, grove; a monastery, hall, court. |
陰 阴 see styles |
yīn yin1 yin kage かげ |
overcast (weather); cloudy; shady; Yin (the negative principle of Yin and Yang); negative (electric.); feminine; moon; implicit; hidden; genitalia (archaism) female private parts; female genitals; (surname) Kage Shade, dark, the shades, the negative as opposed to the positive principle, female, the moon, back, secret. In Buddhism it is the phenomenal, as obscuring the true nature of things; also the aggregation of phenomenal things resulting in births and deaths, hence it is used as a translation like 蘊 q.v. for skandha, the 五陰 being the five skandhas or aggregates. |
頌 颂 see styles |
sòng song4 sung homeru ほめる |
ode; eulogy; to praise in writing; to wish (in letters) {Buddh} (See 偈) gatha (poetic verse of a scripture); (personal name) Homeru Extol, praise. gāthā, hymns, songs, verses, stanzas, the metrical part of a sūtra; cf. 伽陀. |
顕 see styles |
xiǎn xian3 hsien kenzou / kenzo けんぞう |
Japanese variant of 顯|显 (noun or adjectival noun) (1) (archaism) exposure; clarity; (2) (abbreviation) {Buddh} (See 顕教) exoteric Buddhism; public Buddhist teachings; (personal name) Kenzou |
驆 see styles |
bì bi4 pi |
used in transliterating Buddhist books |
齋 斋 see styles |
zhāi zhai1 chai hitoshi ひとし |
to fast or abstain from meat, wine etc; vegetarian diet; study room; building; to give alms (to a monk) (surname) Hitoshi To reverence: abstinence; to purify as by fasting, or abstaining, e.g. from flesh food; religious or abstinential duties, or times; upavasatha (uposatha), a fast; the ritual period for food, i.e. before noon; a room for meditation, a study, a building, etc., devoted to abstinence, chastity, or the Buddhist religion; mourning (for parents). |
龕 龛 see styles |
kān kan1 k`an kan gan がん |
(bound form) niche; shrine (1) niche for a Buddhist image; alcove; (2) (See 厨子・1) miniature shrine for a Buddhist image; (3) portable shrine used to move a deceased person from their house to the graveyard (in Okinawa) A shrine; a cabinet, box; a coffin (for a monk); to contain. |
お経 see styles |
okyou / okyo おきょう |
(Buddhist term) (polite language) sutra |
お蔭 see styles |
okage おかげ |
(1) (kana only) grace (of God); benevolence (of Buddha); blessing; (2) (kana only) assistance; help; aid; (3) (kana only) effects; influence |
お陰 see styles |
okage おかげ |
(1) (kana only) grace (of God); benevolence (of Buddha); blessing; (2) (kana only) assistance; help; aid; (3) (kana only) effects; influence |
ご影 see styles |
goei / goe ごえい |
(honorific or respectful language) image (esp. of a deity, buddha, royal, noble, etc.) |
一乗 see styles |
kazunori かずのり |
{Buddh} ekayana (doctrine that only one teaching, usu. the Lotus Sutra, can lead to enlightenment); (given name) Kazunori |
一体 see styles |
ittai いったい |
(adverb) (1) (before an interrogative, forms an emphatic question) (what) the heck; (why) in the world; (who) on earth; (2) one object; one body; unity; (3) one form; one style; (4) one Buddhist image (or carving, etc.); (n,adv) (5) (See 一体に) generally; in general |
一佛 see styles |
yī fó yi1 fo2 i fo ichibutsu いちぶつ |
(surname) Ichibutsu one buddha |
一刹 see styles |
yī chà yi1 cha4 i ch`a i cha issetsu |
v. 掣. A kṣetra, a land, a Buddha-realm or chiliocosm. |
一化 see styles |
yī huà yi1 hua4 i hua ichike |
The teaching and influence of a Buddha during one Buddha-period; also the teaching of the whole truth at once; also an instantaneous reform. |
一向 see styles |
yī xiàng yi1 xiang4 i hsiang hitomukai ひとむかい |
a period of time in the recent past; (indicating a period of time up to the present) all along; the whole time (adverb) (1) (See 一向に・1) completely; absolutely; totally; (adverb) (2) (in a negative sentence) (not) at all; (not) a bit; (not) in the least; (adverb) (3) earnestly; intently; determinedly; (4) (abbreviation) (See 一向宗) Jōdo Shinshū; (surname) Hitomukai One direction, each direction; with single mind, the mind fixed in one direction undistracted; e.g. 一向淸淨無有女人 (The land of that Buddha is) everywhere pure; no women are there. |
一味 see styles |
yī wèi yi1 wei4 i wei kazumi かずみ |
persistently; stubbornly; blindly (1) clan; partisans; conspirators; gang; ring; crew; (n,vs,vi) (2) participation (e.g. in a plot); (3) one flavour; one charm; (4) one ingredient (in traditional Chinese medicine); (5) {Buddh} universality (of the teachings of Buddha); (given name) Kazumi One, or the same flavour, kind or character, i.e. the Buddha's teaching. |
一因 see styles |
yī yīn yi1 yin1 i yin ichiin / ichin いちいん |
one cause; one reason; one factor A cause; the cause from which the Buddha-law arises. |
一地 see styles |
yī dì yi1 di4 i ti ichiji いちぢ |
(personal name) Ichiji The one ground; the same ground; the Buddha-nature of all living beings i.e. as all the plants grow out of the one ground, so all good character and works grow from the one Buddha-nature. |
一夏 see styles |
yī xià yi1 xia4 i hsia hitoka ひとか |
{Buddh} (See 安居・あんご) one summer (during which a monk attends a summer retreat); (female given name) Hitoka The summer retreat in India of, 90 days, from the 16th of the 4th moon to the 15th of the 7th; v. 雨. |
一実 see styles |
makoto まこと |
{Buddh} the one absolute truth; the one reality; (personal name) Makoto |
一念 see styles |
yī niàn yi1 nian4 i nien kazune かずね |
(1) determined purpose; (2) {Buddh} an incredibly short span of time (i.e. the time occupied by a single thought); (3) {Buddh} (See 浄土宗) a single repetition of a prayer (esp. in Jodo-shu); (personal name) Kazune A kṣaṇa, or thought; a concentration of mind; a moment; the time of a thought, of which there are varying measurements from 60 kṣaṇa upwards; the Fan-yi-ming-yi makes it one kṣaṇa. A reading. A repetition (especially of Amitābha's name). The Pure-land sect identify the thought of Buddha with Amitābha's vow, hence it is an assurance of salvation. |
一持 see styles |
yī chí yi1 chi2 i ch`ih i chih ichiji |
Adherence to one Buddha and one sūtra. |
一遍 see styles |
yī biàn yi1 bian4 i pien ippen いっぺん |
one time (all the way through); once through (n,adv) (1) (kana only) (See 一遍に・1) once; one time; (suffix noun) (2) (kana only) (after a noun) (See 正直一遍,義理一遍) exclusively; only; alone; (given name) Ippen Once, one recital of Buddha's name, or of a sūtra, or magic formula; style of 智眞 Zhizhen, founder of the 時宗 Ji-shū (Japan).. |
一雨 see styles |
yī yǔ yi1 yu3 i yü ichiburi いちぶり |
shower; rainfall; (place-name) Ichiburi A rain, i.e. a lesson from the Buddha, or his teaching, see Lotus V. |
一食 see styles |
yī shí yi1 shi2 i shih isshoku; ichijiki いっしょく; いちじき |
(1) one meal; (2) (いちじき only) {Buddh} one meal (a day) A meal a day, one of the twelve dhūtas. |
七仏 see styles |
shichibutsu しちぶつ |
(abbreviation) (See 過去七仏) the seven previous incarnations of Buddha |
七佛 see styles |
qī fó qi1 fo2 ch`i fo chi fo shichibutsu |
sapta Buddha. The seven ancient Buddhas, viz. Vipaśyin 毘婆尸, Śikhin 尸棄, Viśvabhū 毘舍婆, Krakucchanda 拘樓孫, Kanakamuni 倶那含牟尼 or 拘那含, Kāśyapa 迦葉, and Śākyamuni 釋迦. The last four are said to be of the present kalpa. |
七善 see styles |
qī shàn qi1 shan4 ch`i shan chi shan shichizen |
The seven exce1lences claimed for the Buddha's teaching good in its 時 timing or seasonableness, 義 meaning, 語 expression, 濁法 uniqueness, 具足 completeness, 淸淨調柔 pure adaptability, and 凡行 its sole objective, nirvana. There are other similar groups. |
七子 see styles |
qī zǐ qi1 zi3 ch`i tzu chi tzu fumiko ふみこ |
(female given name) Fumiko The parable in the Nirvana Sutra of the sick son whose parents, though they love all their sons equally, devote themselves to him. So does the Buddha specially care for sinners. The seven sons are likened to mankind, devas, sravakas, pratyeka-buddhas, and the three kinds of bodhisattvas of the 藏, 通 and 別教. |
七宝 see styles |
nanahou / nanaho ななほう |
(1) {Buddh} the seven treasures (gold, silver, pearls, agate, crystal, coral, lapis lazuli); (2) (abbreviation) (See 七宝焼き) cloisonne ware; (3) (しっぽう only) (abbreviation) (See 七宝つなぎ) shippō pattern (of overlapping circles); (4) (しっぽう only) shippō emblem; (surname) Nanahou |
七情 see styles |
qī qíng qi1 qing2 ch`i ch`ing chi ching shichijou / shichijo しちじょう |
seven emotional states; seven affects of traditional Chinese medical theory and therapy, namely: joy 喜[xi3], anger 怒[nu4], anxiety 憂|忧[you1], thought 思[si1], grief 悲[bei1], fear 恐[kong3], fright 驚|惊[jing1]; seven relations (1) seven emotions (in The Book of Rites: joy, anger, sorrow, fear, love, hate, desire); seven emotions (in Buddhism: joy, anger, sorrow, pleasure, love, hate, desire); (2) seven effects (of a traditional Chinese medicine); (surname) Shichijō The seven emotions : pleasure, anger, sorrow, joy, love, hate, desire. |
七珍 see styles |
qī zhēn qi1 zhen1 ch`i chen chi chen shicchin; shichichin しっちん; しちちん |
(1) {Buddh} (See 七宝・1) the seven treasures (gold, silver, pearls, agate, crystal, coral, lapis lazuli); (2) the seven delicacies idem 七寶. |
七生 see styles |
qī shēng qi1 sheng1 ch`i sheng chi sheng nanao ななを |
(n,adv) (1) {Buddh} seven lives; (2) seven generations; (female given name) Nanao; Nanawo idem 七有.; same as 七有. |
七衆 七众 see styles |
qī zhòng qi1 zhong4 ch`i chung chi chung shichishu しちしゅ |
seven orders of Buddhist disciples (monks, nuns, probationary nuns, male novices, female novices, male lay devotees, female lay devotees) The seven classes of disciples:―(1)比丘 bhikṣu,monk;(2) bhikṣuṇī a female observer of all commandments; (3) 式叉摩那śikṣamāṇa, a novice, or observer of the six commandments; (4) 沙彌 śrāmaṇera, and (5) 沙彌尼 śrāmaṇerika, male and female observers of the minor commandments; (6) 優婆塞 upāsaka, male observers of the five commandments; and (7) 優婆夷upāsikā, female ditto. The first five have left home, the last two remain at home. Tiantai makes nine groups by dividing the last two into four, two remaining at home, two leaving home and keeping the eight commandments. Others make four groups, i.e. (1), (2), (6), and (7) of the above. Tiantai also has a four-group. |
七逆 see styles |
qī nì qi1 ni4 ch`i ni chi ni shichigyaku |
(七逆罪) The seven rebellious acts, or deadly sins — shedding a Buddha's blood, killing father, mother, monk, teacher, subverting or disrupting monks, killing an arhat. V. 梵綱經下. |
七難 七难 see styles |
qīn án qin1 an2 ch`in an chin an shichinan しちなん |
(1) {Buddh} the Seven Misfortunes; (2) great number of faults or defects The seven calamities in the仁王經, 受持品 during which that sūtra should be recited: sun and moon losing their order (eclipses), conste11ations, irregular, fire, flood, wind-storms, drought, brigands Another set is — pestilence, invasion, rebe11ion, unlucky stars, eclipses, too early monsoon, too late monsoon. Another is — fire, flood, rakṣas, misrule, evil spirits, cangue and prison, and robbers. |
万字 see styles |
manji まんじ |
swastika (esp. a counterclockwise swastika as a Buddhist symbol); fylfot; gammadion; (place-name, surname) Manji |
万灯 see styles |
mandou / mando まんどう |
Buddhist lantern festival; (surname) Mandou |
丈六 see styles |
zhàng liù zhang4 liu4 chang liu jouroku / joroku じょうろく |
(1) one jō and six shaku (4.85m); (2) statue of Buddha measuring one jō and six shaku; (3) sitting cross-legged; (place-name, surname) Jōroku Sixteen "feet", the normal height of a Buddha in his "transformation body" 化 身 nirmāṇa-kāya; said to be the height of the Buddha when he was on earth. |
三世 see styles |
sān shì san1 shi4 san shih miyo みよ |
the Third (of numbered kings) (1) {Buddh} three temporal states of existence; past, present and future; (2) (さんぜ only) three generations; (female given name) Miyo The three periods, 過去, 現在, 未來or 過, 現, 未, past, present, and future. The universe is described as eternally in motion, like flowing stream. Also 未生, 巳生,後滅, or 未, 現, 過 unborn, born, dead The 華嚴經 Hua-yen sūtra has a division of ten kinds of past, present, and future i.e. the past spoken of as past, present, and future, the present spoken of in like manner, the future also, with the addition of the present as the three periods in one instant. Also 三際. |
三乘 see styles |
sān shèng san1 sheng4 san sheng minori みのり |
(surname) Minori Triyāna, the three vehicles, or conveyances which carry living beings across saṁsāra or mortality (births-and-deaths) to the shores of nirvāṇa. The three are styled 小,中, and 大. Sometimes the three vehicles are defined as 聲聞 Śrāvaka, that of the hearer or obedient disciple; 緣覺Pratyeka-buddha, that of the enlightened for self; these are described as 小乘 because the objective of both is personal salvation; the third is 菩薩Bodhisattva, or 大乘 Mahāyāna, because the objective is the salvation of all the living. The three are also depicted as 三車 three wains, drawn by a goat, a deer, an ox. The Lotus declares that the three are really the One Buddha-vehicle, which has been revealed in three expedient forms suited to his disciples' capacity, the Lotus Sūtra being the unifying, complete, and final exposition. The Three Vehicles are differently explained by different exponents, e.g. (1) Mahāyāna recognizes (a) Śrāvaka, called Hīnayāna, leading in longer or shorter periods to arhatship; (b) Pratyeka-buddha, called Madhyamayāna, leading after still longer or shorter periods to a Buddhahood ascetically attained and for self; (c) Bodhisattva, called Mahayana, leading after countless ages of self-sacrifce in saving others and progressive enlightenment to ultimate Buddhahood. (2) Hīnayāna is also described as possessing three vehicles 聲, 緣, 菩 or 小, 中, 大, the 小 and 中 conveying to personal salvation their devotees in ascetic dust and ashes and mental annihilation, the 大 leading to bodhi, or perfect enlightenment, and the Buddha's way. Further definitions of the Triyāna are: (3) True bodhisattva teaching for the 大; pratyeka-buddha without ignorant asceticism for the 中; and śrāvaka with ignorant asceticism for the 小. (4) (a) 一乘 The One-Vehicle which carries all to Buddhahood: of this the 華嚴 Hua-yen and 法華 Fa-hua are typical exponents; (b) 三乘法 the three-vehicle, containing practitioners of all three systems, as expounded in books of the 深密般若; (c) 小乘 the Hīnayāna pure and simple as seen in the 四阿合經 Four Āgamas. Śrāvakas are also described as hearers of the Four Truths and limited to that degree of development; they hear from the pratyeka-buddhas, who are enlightened in the Twelve Nidānas 因緣; the bodhisattvas make the 六度 or six forms of transmigration their field of sacrificial saving work, and of enlightenment. The Lotus Sūtra really treats the 三乘. Three Vehicles as 方便 or expedient ways, and offers a 佛乘 Buddha Vehicle as the inclusive and final vehicle. |
三佛 see styles |
sān fó san1 fo2 san fo sanbutsu さんぶつ |
(surname) Sanbutsu Trikāya, v. 三身. Also the三岐 or founders of the 楊岐 branch of the Chan (Zen) School, i.e. Huiqin 慧勤, Qingyuan 淸遠, and Keqin 克勤. |
三假 see styles |
sān jiǎ san1 jia3 san chia sanke |
prajñāpti. The word 假 q.v. in Buddhist terminology means that everything is merely phenomenal, and consists of derived elements; nothing therefore has real existeme, but all is empty and unreal, 虛妄不實. The three 假 are 法 things, 受 sensations, and 名 names. |
三力 see styles |
sān lì san1 li4 san li sanriki |
The three powers, of which there are various groups: (1) (a) personal power; (6) tathāgata-power; (c) power of the Buddha-nature within. (2) (a) power of a wise eye to see the Buddha-medicine (for evil); (b) of diagnosis of the ailment; (c) of suiting and applying the medicine to the disease. (3) (a) the power of Buddha; (b) of samādhi; (c) of personal achievement or merit. |
三千 see styles |
sān qiān san1 qian1 san ch`ien san chien michi みち |
(1) 3000; (2) many; (female given name) Michi trisahasra, three thousand; a term used by the Tiantai School for 一切諸法, i. e. all things, everything in a chiliocosm, or Buddhaworld; v. 三千大千世界. |
三厭 see styles |
sanen さんえん |
{Buddh} red meat, bird and fish flesh; three disagreeable things |
三因 see styles |
sān yīn san1 yin1 san yin miyori みより |
{Buddh} (See 三因仏性) three causes of Buddha nature; (place-name) Miyori The six "causes" of the Abhidharma Kośa 倶舍論 as reduced to three in the Satyasiddhi śāstra 成實論, i.e. 生因 producing cause, as good or evil deeds cause good or evil karma; 習因 habit cause, e.g. lust breeding lust; 依因 dependent or hypostatic cause, e.g. the six organs 六根 and their objects 六境 causing the cognitions 六識. |
三天 see styles |
sān tiān san1 tian1 san t`ien san tien santen; sanden さんてん; さんでん |
(1) {Buddh} the three deities (Marici, Mahakala, Sarasvati); (2) {Buddh} the three celestials (Shiva, Vishnu and Brahma) The trimūrti— Śiva, Viṣṇu, and Brahmā. |
三学 see styles |
sangaku さんがく |
{Buddh} (See 八正道) threefold training; three divisions of the noble eightfold path |
三密 see styles |
sān mì san1 mi4 san mi sanmitsu さんみつ |
{Buddh} three mysteries (Buddha's body, speech and mind) The three mystic things: the body, mouth (i.e. voice), and mind of the Tathāgata, which are universal, all things being this mystic body, all sound this mystic voice, and all thought this mystic mind. All creatures in body, voice, and mind are only individualized parts of the Tathāgata, but illusion hides their Tathāgata nature from them. The esoterics seek to realize their Tathāgata nature by physical signs and postures, by voicing of 眞言 dhāraṇī and by meditations, so that 入我我入 He may enter me and I Him, which is the perfection of siddhi 悉地; v. 大日經疏 1. 菩提心論. |
三寳 三宝 see styles |
sān bǎo san1 bao3 san pao sanbō |
Triratna, or Ratnatraya, i.e. the Three Precious Ones: 佛 Buddha, 法 Dharma, 儈 Saṅgha, i.e. Buddha, the Law, the Ecelesia or Order. Eitel suggests this trinity may be adapted from the Trimūrti, i.e, Brahma, Viṣṇu, and Sīva. The Triratna takes many forms, e.g. the Trikāya 三身 q.v. There is also the Nepalese idea of a triple existence of each Buddha as a Nirvāṇa-Buddha, Dhyāni-Buddha, and Mānuṣi-Buddha; also the Tantric trinity of Vairocana as Nirvāṇa-Buddha, Locana according to Eitel "existing in reflex in the world of forms", and the human Buddha, Śākyamuni. There are other elaborated details known as the four and the six kinds of triratna 四 and 六種三寳, e.g. that the Triratna exists in each member of the trinity. The term has also been applied to the 三仙 q.v. Popularly the 三寳 are referred to the three images in the main hall of monasteries. The centre one is Śākyamuni, on his left Bhaiṣajya 藥師 and on his right Amitābha. There are other explanations, e.g. in some temples Amitābha is in the centre, Avalokiteśvara on his left, and Mahāsthāmaprāpta or Mañjuśrī on his right. Table of Triratna, Trikāya, and Trailokya: — DHARMASAṄGHABUDDHAEssential BodhiReflected BodhiPractical BodhiDhyāni BuddhaDhyāni BodhisattvaMānuṣī BuddhaDharmakāyaSambhogakāyaNirmāṇakāyaPurityCompletenessTransformations4th Buddha-kṣetra3rd Buddha-kṣetra1st and 2nd Buddha kṣetraArūpadhātuRūpadhātuKāmadhātu. |
三尊 see styles |
sān zūn san1 zun1 san tsun sanzon; sanson さんぞん; さんそん |
(1) (さんぞん only) {Buddh} Buddha triad; image of a Buddha attended by two Bodhisattvas; (2) (さんぞん only) {Buddh} (See 三宝) The Three Jewels; Buddha, the teachings of Buddha, and the community of monks and nuns; (3) (さんぞん only) (See 三尊天井) head and shoulders (stock price, etc. chart pattern); (4) the three people one must esteem: master, father, teacher The three honoured ones: Buddha, the Law, the Ecclesia or Order. Others are: Amitābha, Avalokiteśvara, and Mahāsthāmaprāpta, who, according to the Pure-land sect, come to welcome the dying invoker. Another group is Bhaiṣajya, Vairocana, and Candraprabha; and another, Śākyamunī, Mañjuśrī, and Samantabhadra. |
三従 see styles |
mitsugu みつぐ |
a woman's three obediences (father, husband and son; according to Buddhist and Confucianist teachings); (personal name) Mitsugu |
三德 see styles |
sān dé san1 de2 san te santoku |
The three virtues or powers, of which three groups are given below. (1) (a) 法身德 The virtue or potency of the Buddha's eternal, spiritual body, the dharmakāya; (b) 般若德 of his prājñā, or wisdom, knowing all things in their reality; (c) 解脫德 of his freedom from all bonds and his sovereign Iiberty. Each of these has the four qualities of 常, 樂我, 淨eternity, joy, personality, and purity; v. 漫涅槃經 (2) (a) 智德 The potency of his perfect knowledge; (b) 斷德 of his cutting off all illusion and perfecting of supreme nirvāṇa; the above two are 自利 for his own advantage; (c) 恩德 of his universal grace and salvation, which 利他 bestows the benefits he has acquired on others. (3) (a) 因圓德 The perfection of his causative or karmic works during his three great kalpas of preparation; (b) 果圓德 the perfection of the fruit, or results in his own character and wisdom; (c) 恩圓德 the perfection of his grace in the salvation of others. |
三悪 see styles |
sanaku; sannaku; sanmaku さんあく; さんなく; さんまく |
(1) (abbreviation) {Buddh} (See 三悪道・さんあくどう) the world of hungry spirits and the world of animals; three evil worlds hell; (2) (さんあく only) three evils (prostitution, drugs and venereal diseases) |
三惑 see styles |
sān huò san1 huo4 san huo sanwaku; sannaku さんわく; さんなく |
{Buddh} three mental disturbances A Tiantai classification of the three delusions, also styled 三煩惱; 三漏; 三垢; 三結; trials or temptations, leakages, uncleannesses, and bonds. The first of the following three is common to all disciples, the two last to bodhisattvas. They arise from (a) 見, 思, 惑 things seen and thought, i.e. illusions from imperfect perception, with temptation to love, hate, etc.; to be rid of these false views and temptations is the discipline and nirvāṇa of ascetic or Hīnayāna Buddhists. Mahāyāna proceeds further in and by its bodhisattva aims, which produce their own difficulties, i.e. (b) 塵沙惑 illusion and temptation through the immense variety of duties in saving men; and (c) 無明惑 illusions and temptations that arise from failure philosophically to understand things in their reality. |
三愛 三爱 see styles |
sān ài san1 ai4 san ai miyoshi みよし |
(1) koto, alcohol and poetry; the three loves; (2) {Buddh} the three desires of the realms of existence; (male given name) Miyoshi three kinds of attachment |
三戒 see styles |
sān jiè san1 jie4 san chieh sankai さんかい |
(1) (from the Analects of Confucius) three lifetime commandments (youth's femininity, middle-aged struggle, old-age gain); (2) {Buddh} three categories of precepts (lay, ordination, moral) The three sets of commandments, i.e. the ten for the ordained who have left home, the eight for the devout at home, and the five for the ordinary laity. |
三教 see styles |
sān jiào san1 jiao4 san chiao mitsunori みつのり |
the Three Doctrines (Daoism, Confucianism, Buddhism) (1) Shinto, Buddhism and Confucianism; the three religions; (2) Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism; (3) Buddhism, Shinto and Christianity; (given name) Mitsunori The three teachings, i.e. 儒, 佛 (or 釋), and 道Confucianism, Buddhism, and Taoism; or, 孔, 老, 釋 Confucianism, Taoism (aIso known as 神敎), and Buddhism. In Japan they are Shinto, Confucianism, and Buddhism. In Buddhism the term is applied to the three periods of Śākyamuni's own teaching, of which there are several definitions: (1) The Jiangnan 南中 School describe his teaching as (a) 漸progressive or gradual; (b) 頓 immediate, i.e. as one whole, especially in the 華嚴經; and (c) 不定 or indeterminate. (2) 光統 Guangtong, a writer of the Iater Wei dynasty, describes the three as (a) 漸 progressive for beginners, i.e. from impermanence to permanence, from the void to reality, etc.; (b) 頓 immediate for the more advanced; and (c) 圓complete, to the most advanced, i.e. the Huayan as above. (3) The 三時敎q.v. (4) The 南山 Southern school deals with (a) the 性空of Hīnayāna; (b) 相空of Mahāyāna; and (c) 唯識圓 the perfect idealism. v. 行事鈔中 4. Tiantai accepts the division of 漸, 頓, and 不定 for pre-Lotus teaching, but adopts 漸 gradual, 頓 immediate, and 圓 perfect, with the Lotus as the perfect teaching; it also has the division of 三藏敎 , 通敎 , and 別敎 q.v. |
三明 see styles |
sān míng san1 ming2 san ming mitsuaki みつあき |
see 三明市[San1ming2 Shi4] {Buddh} (See 宿命通,天眼通,漏尽通) three kinds of awareness; (surname, given name) Mitsuaki The three insights; also 三達. Applied to Buddhas they are called 三達, to arhats 三明. (a) 宿命明 Insight into the mortal conditions of self and others in previous lives; (b) 天眼明 supernatural insight into future mortal conditions; (c) 漏盡明 nirvāṇa insight, i.e. into present mortal sufferings so as to overcome aIl passions or temptations. In the 倶舍論 27 the three are termed 住智識證明; 死生識證明 and 漏盡識證明. For 三明經 v. 長阿含16. |
三時 三时 see styles |
sān shí san1 shi2 san shih mitoki みとき |
(adverbial noun) (1) 3 o'clock; (2) 3 o'clock snack; (personal name) Mitoki The three divisions of the day, i.e. dawn, daylight, and sunset; or morning, noon, and evening; also the three periods, after his nirvāṇa, of every Buddha's teaching, viz., 正 correct, or the period of orthodoxy and vigour, 像 semblance, or the period of scholasticism, and 末 end, the period of decline and termination. |
三智 see styles |
sān zhì san1 zhi4 san chih michi みち |
(female given name) Michi The three kinds of wisdom: (1) (a) 一切智 śrāvaka and pratyeka-buddha knowledge that all the dharma or laws are 空 void and unreal; (b) 道種智 bodhisattva-knowledge. of all things in their proper discrimination; (c) 一切種智 Buddha-knowledge, or perfect knowledge of all things in their every aspect and relationship past, present, and future. Tiantai associates the above with 室, 候, 中. (2) (a) 世間智 earthly or ordinary wisdom; (b) 出世間智 supra-mundane, or spiritual (śrāvaka and pratyeka-buddha) wisdom; (c) 出世間上上智 supreme wisdom of bodhisattvas and Buddhas. v. 智度論 27, 止觀 3, and 概伽經 3. Cf. — 心三智. |
三業 三业 see styles |
sān yè san1 ye4 san yeh sangou / sango さんごう |
{Buddh} (See 身口意) three activities (action, speech and thought) trividha-dvāra. The three conditions, inheritances, or karma, of which there are several groups. (1) Deed, word, thought, 身, 口, 意. (2) (a) Present-1ife happy karma; (6) present-life unhappy karma; (c) 不動 karma of an imperturbable nature. (3) (a) Good; (b) evil; (c) neutral karma. (4) (a) 漏業 Karma of ordinary rebirth; (6) 無漏業 karma of Hīnayāna nirvana; (c) 非漏非無漏 karma of neither, independent of both, Mahāyāna nirvana. (5) (a) Present deeds and their consequences in this life; (b) present deeds and their next life consequences; (c) present deeds and consequences after the next life, There are other groups of three. |
三武 see styles |
sān wǔ san1 wu3 san wu mitsutake みつたけ |
(personal name) Mitsutake The three emperors Wu who persecuted Buddhism: 太武 of the Wei dynasty A.D. 424-452; 武帝 of the Zhou A.D. 561-578; 武宗 of the Tang A.D. 841-7. |
三歸 三归 see styles |
sān guī san1 gui1 san kuei sanki |
Triśaraṇa, or Śaraṇa-gamana. The three surrenders to, or "formulas of refuge" in, the Three Precious Ones 三賓, i.e. to the Buddha 佛, the Dharma 法, the Saṅgha 僧. The three formulas are 歸依佛 Buddham śaraṇaṃ gacchāmi, 歸依法 Dharmaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāmi, 歸依僧 Saṅghaṃ śaraṇaṃ gacchāmi. It is "the most primitive formula fidei of the early Buddhists". The surrender is to the Buddha as teacher 師, the Law as medicine 藥, the Ecclesia as friends 友. These are known as the 三歸依. |
三毒 see styles |
sān dú san1 du2 san tu sandoku さんどく |
{Buddh} (See 煩悩・2) the three kleshas that poison the heart of man (desire, ill will and ignorance) The three poisons, also styled 三根; 三株; they are 貪 concupiscence, or wrong desire, 瞋 anger, hate, or resentment, and 痴 stupidity, ignorance, unintelligence, or unwillingness to accept Buddha-truth; these three are the source of all the passions and delusions. They represent in part the ideas of love, hate, and moral inertia. v. 智度論 19, 31. |
三法 see styles |
sān fǎ san1 fa3 san fa sanbō |
The three dharma, i.e. 教法 the Buddha's teaching; 行法 the practice of it; 證法 realization or experiential proof of it in bodhi and nirvāṇa. |
三漸 三渐 see styles |
sān jiàn san1 jian4 san chien sanzen |
The three progressive developments of the Buddha's teaching according to the Prajñā school: (a) the 鹿苑 initial stage in the Lumbinī deer park; (b) the 方等 period of the eight succeeding years; (c) the 般若 Prajñā or wisdom period which succeeded. |
三照 see styles |
sān zhào san1 zhao4 san chao sanshō |
The three shinings; the sun first shining on the hill-tops, then the valleys and plains. So, according to Tiantai teaching of the Huayan sūtra, the Buddha's doctrine had three periods of such shining: (a) first, he taught the Huayan sūtra, transforming his chief disciples into bodhisattvas; (b) second, the Hīnayāna sūtras in general to śrāvakas and pratyeka-buddhas in the Lumbinī garden; (c) third, the 方等 sūtras down to the 涅槃經 for all the living. See the 六十華嚴經 35, where the order is five, i.e. bodhisattvas, pratyekabuddhas, śrāvakas, lay disciples, and all creatures. |
三獸 三兽 see styles |
sān shòu san1 shou4 san shou sanshū |
The three animals— hare, horse, elephant— crossing a stream. The śrāvaka is like the hare who crosses by swimming on the surface; the pratyeka-buddha is like the horse who crosses deeper than the hare; the bodhisattva is like the elephant who walks across on the bottom. Also likened to the triyāna. 涅槃經 23, 27. |
三生 see styles |
sān shēng san1 sheng1 san sheng mitsuo みつお |
(surname, given name) Mitsuo The three births, or reincarnations, past, present, future. Tiantai has (a) 種 planting the seed; (b) 熟 ripening; (c) 脫 liberating, stripping, or harvesting, i.e. beginning, development, and reward of bodhi, a process either gradual or instantaneous. Huayan has (a) 見聞生 a past life of seeing and hearing Buddha-truth; (b) 解行生 liberation in the present life; (c) 證入生 realization of life in Buddhahood. This is also called 三生成佛, Buddhahood in the course of three lives. There is also a definition of three rebirths as the shortest term for arhatship, sixty kalpas being the longest. There are other definitions. |
三界 see styles |
sān jiè san1 jie4 san chieh mikai みかい |
(1) {Buddh} (See 欲界,色界,無色界) the three realms of existence; (2) (abbreviation) {Buddh} (See 三千大千世界) the whole universe (of a billion worlds) that Buddha enlightened; (3) {Buddh} (See 三世・さんぜ・1) past, present and future existences; (suffix) (4) far-off ...; distant ...; (surname) Mikai Trailokya or Triloka; the three realms; also 三有. It is the Buddhist metaphysical equivalent for the Brahmanic cosmological bhuvanatraya, or triple world of bhūr, bhuvaḥ, and svar, earth, atmosphere, and heaven. The Buddhist three are 欲, 色, and 無色界, i.e. world of sensuous desire, form, and formless world of pure spirit. (a) 欲界 Kāmadhātu is the realm of sensuous desire, of 婬 and 食 sex and food; it includes the six heavens of desire, the human world, and the hells. (b) 色界 Rūpadhātu is the realm of form, meaning 質礙 that which is substantial and resistant: it is above the lust-world and contains (so to speak) bodies, palaces, things, all mystic and wonderful一a semi-material conception like that in Revelation; it is represented in the 四禪天, or Brahmalokas. (c) 無色界 Arūpadhātu, or ārūpyadhātu, is the formless realm of pure spirit, where there are no bodies, places, things, at any rate none to which human terms would apply, but where the mind dwells in mystic contemplation; its extent is indefinable, but it is, conceived of in four stages, i,e. 四空處 the four "empty" regions, or regions of space in the immaterial world, which are 四無色 the four "formless" realms, or realms beyond form; being above the realm of form, their bounds cannot be defined. v. 倶舍論世間品. |
三福 see styles |
sān fú san1 fu2 san fu mifuku みふく |
(place-name, surname) Mifuku The three (sources of) felicity: (1) The 無量壽經 has the felicity of (a) 世福 filial piety, regard for elders, keeping the ten commandments; (b) 戒福 of keeping the other commandments; (c) 行福 of resolve on complete bodhi and the pursuit of the Buddha-way. (2) The 倶舍論 18, has the blessedness of (a) 施類福 almsgiving, in evoking resultant wealth; (b) 戒類福 observance of the 性戒 (against killing, stealing, adultery, lying) and the 遮戒 (against alcohol, etc.), in obtaining a happy lot in the heavens; (c) 修類福 observance of meditation in obtaining final escape from the mortal round. Cf. 三種淨業. |
三綱 三纲 see styles |
sān gāng san1 gang1 san kang sankou / sanko さんこう |
{Buddh} three monastic positions with management roles at a temple; (given name) Sankou The three bonds, i.e. directors of a monastery: (a) 上座 sthavira, elder, president; (b) 寺主vihārasvāmin, v. 毘 the abbot who directs the temporal affairs; (c) 維那 karmadāna, v. 羯 who directs the monks. Another meaning: (a) 上座; (b) 維那; (c) 典座 vihārapāla, v. 毘director of worship. The three vary in different countries. |
三緣 三缘 see styles |
sān yuán san1 yuan2 san yüan sanen |
The three nidānas or links with the Buddha resulting from calling upon him, a term of the Pure Land sect: (a) 親緣 that he hears those who call his name, sees their worship, knows their hearts and is one with them; (b) 近緣 that he shows himself to those who desire to see him; (c) 增上緣 that at every invocation aeons of sin are blotted out, and he and his sacred host receive such a disciple at death. |
三聖 三圣 see styles |
sān shèng san1 sheng4 san sheng misato みさと |
(1) three enlightened men (Buddha, Confucius and Christ; Lao-tzu, Confucius and Buddha; etc.); three sages; three virtuous men; (2) the three most accomplished people (of a particular craft or trade); (female given name) Misato The three sages, or holy ones, of whom there are several groups. The 華嚴Huayan have Vairocana in the center with Mañjuśrī on his left and Samantabhadra on his right. The 彌陀 Mituo or Pure-land sect, have Amitābha in the center, with Avalokiteśvara on his left and Mahāsthāmaprāpta on his right. The Tiantai use the term for the 藏, 別, and 圓教v. 三教. |
三蔵 see styles |
mitsuzou / mitsuzo みつぞう |
three branches of Buddhist sutras; (given name) Mitsuzou |
三藏 see styles |
sān zàng san1 zang4 san tsang sanzō |
Tripitaka, the three main types of text that collectively constitute the Buddhist canon of scriptures: sutras, commandments and commentaries v. 藏. |
三覺 三觉 see styles |
sān jué san1 jue2 san chüeh sankaku |
The three kinds of enlightenment: (1) (a) 自覺 Enlightenment for self; (b) 覺他 for others; (c) 覺行圓 (or 窮) 滿 perfect enlightenment and accomplishment; the first is an arhat's, the first and second a bodhisattva's, all three a Buddha's. (2) From the Awakening of Faith 起信論 (a) 本覺 inherent, potential enlightenment or intelligence of every being; (b) 始覺 , initial, or early stages of such enlightenment, brought about through the external perfuming or influence of teaching, working on the internal perfuming of subconscious intelligence; (c) 究竟覺 completion of enlightenment, the subjective mind in perfect accord with the subconscious (or superconscious) mind, or the inherent intelligence. |
三語 三语 see styles |
sān yǔ san1 yu3 san yü sango |
Buddha's three modes of discourse, i.e. without reserve, or the whole truth; tactical or partial, adapting truth to the capacity of his hearers; and a combination of both. |
三論 三论 see styles |
sān lùn san1 lun4 san lun sanron さんろん |
(abbreviation) (See 三論宗) Sanron sect (of Buddhism) The three śāstras translated by Kumārajīva, on which the 三論宗 Three śāstra School (Mādhyamika) bases its doctrines, i.e. 中論 Madhyamaka-śāstra, on "the Mean", A.D. 409; 十二門論 Dvādaśanikāya-śāstra, on the twelve points, A.D. 408; 百論 Sata-śāstra, the hundred verses, A.D. 404. |
三變 三变 see styles |
sān biàn san1 bian4 san pien sanpen |
(土田) The three transformations of his Buddha-realm made by Śākyamuni on the Vulture peak—- first, his revelation of this world, then its vast extension, and again its still vaster extension. See Lotus Sutra. |
三身 see styles |
sān shēn san1 shen1 san shen sanmi さんみ |
{Buddh} trikaya (three bodies of the Buddha); (surname) Sanmi trikāya. 三寶身 The threefold body or nature of a Buddha, i.e. the 法, 報, and 化身, or dharmakāya, sambhogakāya, and nirmāṇakāya. The three are defined as 自性, 受用, and 變化, the Buddha-body per se, or in its essential nature; his body of bliss, which he "receives" for his own "use" and enjoyment; and his body of transformation, by which he can appear in any form; i.e. spiritual, or essential; glorified; revealed. While the doctrine of the trikāya is a Mahāyāna concept, it partly results from the Hīnayāna idealization of the earthly Buddha with his thirty-two signs, eighty physical marks, clairvoyance, clairaudience, holiness, purity, wisdom, pity, etc. Mahāyāna, however, proceeded to conceive of Buddha as the Universal, the All, with infinity of forms, yet above all our concepts of unity or diversity. To every Buddha Mahāyāna attributed a three-fold body: that of essential Buddha; that of joy or enjoyment of the fruits of his past saving labours; that of power to transform himself at will to any shape for omnipresent salvation of those who need him. The trinity finds different methods of expression, e.g. Vairocana is entitled 法身, the embodiment of the Law, shining everywhere, enlightening all; Locana is 報身; c.f. 三賓, the embodiment of purity and bliss; Śākyamuni is 化身 or Buddha revealed. In the esoteric sect they are 法 Vairocana, 報 Amitābha, and 化 Śākyamuni. The 三賓 are also 法 dharma, 報 saṅgha, 化 buddha. Nevertheless, the three are considered as a trinity, the three being essentially one, each in the other. (1) 法身 Dharmakāya in its earliest conception was that of the body of the dharma, or truth, as preached by Śākyamuni; later it became his mind or soul in contrast with his material body. In Mādhyamika, the dharmakāya was the only reality, i.e. the void, or the immateria1, the ground of all phenomena; in other words, the 眞如 the tathāgatagarbha, the bhūtatathatā. According to the Huayan (Kegon) School it is the 理or noumenon, while the other two are氣or phenomenal aspects. "For the Vijñānavāda... the body of the law as highest reality is the void intelligence, whose infection (saṃkleҫa) results in the process of birth and death, whilst its purification brings about Nirvāṇa, or its restoration to its primitive transparence" (Keith). The "body of the law is the true reality of everything". Nevertheless, in Mahāyāna every Buddha has his own 法身; e.g. in the dharmakāya aspect we have the designation Amitābha, who in his saṃbhogakāya aspect is styled Amitāyus. (2) 報身Sambhogakāya, a Buddha's reward body, or body of enjoyment of the merits he attained as a bodhisattva; in other words, a Buddha in glory in his heaven. This is the form of Buddha as an object of worship. It is defined in two aspects, (a) 自受用身 for his own bliss, and (b) 他受用身 for the sake of others, revealing himself in his glory to bodhisattvas, enlightening and inspiring them. By wisdom a Buddha's dharmakāya is attained, by bodhisattva-merits his saṃbhogakāya. Not only has every Buddha all the three bodies or aspects, but as all men are of the same essence, or nature, as Buddhas, they are therefore potential Buddhas and are in and of the trikāya. Moreover, trikāya is not divided, for a Buddha in his 化身 is still one with his 法身 and 報身, all three bodies being co-existent. (3) 化身; 應身; 應化身 nirmāṇakāya, a Buddha's transformation, or miraculous body, in which he appears at will and in any form outside his heaven, e.g. as Śākyamuni among men. |
三車 三车 see styles |
sān chē san1 che1 san ch`e san che sansha |
triyāna. 三乘 or 三乘法門 (1) The three vehicles across saṃsāra into nirvāṇa, i.e. the carts offered by the father in the Lotus Sutra to lure his children out of the burning house: (a) goat carts, representing śrāvakas; (b) deer carts, pratyekabuddhas; (c) bullock carts, bodhisattvas. (2) The three principal schools of Buddhism— Hīnayāna, Madhyamayāna, Mahāyāna. |
三輩 三辈 see styles |
sān bèi san1 bei4 san pei sanpai |
The three ranks of those who reach the Pure Land of Amitābha: superior i.e. monks and nuns who become enlightened and devote themselves to invocation of the Buddha of boundless age; medium, i.e. laymen of similar character who do pious deeds; inferior, i.e. laymen less perfect than the last. |
Entries with 2nd row of characters: The 2nd row is Simplified Chinese.
This page contains 100 results for "Buddh*" in Chinese and/or Japanese.Information about this dictionary:
Apparently, we were the first ones who were crazy enough to think that western people might want a combined Chinese, Japanese, and Buddhist dictionary.
A lot of westerners can't tell the difference between Chinese and Japanese - and there is a reason for that. Chinese characters and even whole words were borrowed by Japan from the Chinese language in the 5th century. Much of the time, if a word or character is used in both languages, it will have the same or a similar meaning. However, this is not always true. Language evolves, and meanings independently change in each language.
Example: The Chinese character 湯 for soup (hot water) has come to mean bath (hot water) in Japanese. They have the same root meaning of "hot water", but a 湯屋 sign on a bathhouse in Japan would lead a Chinese person to think it was a "soup house" or a place to get a bowl of soup. See this: Japanese Bath House
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Chinese Buddhist terms come from Dictionary of Chinese Buddhist Terms by William Edward Soothill and Lewis Hodous. This is commonly referred to as "Soothill's'". It was first published in 1937 (and is now off copyright so we can use it here). Some of these definitions may be misleading, incomplete, or dated, but 95% of it is good information. Every professor who teaches Buddhism or Eastern Religion has a copy of this on their bookshelf. We incorporated these 16,850 entries into our dictionary database ourselves (it was lot of work).
Combined, these cover 1,007,753 Japanese, Chinese, and Buddhist characters, words, idioms, names, placenames, and short phrases.
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