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Simple Dictionary Definition |
四倒 see styles |
sì dào si4 dao4 ssu tao shitō |
The four viparyaya i. e. inverted or false beliefs in regard to 常, 樂, 我, 淨. There are two groups: (1) the common belief in the four above, denied by the early Buddhist doctrine that all is impermanent, suffering, impersonal, and impure; (2) the false belief of the Hīnayāna school that nirvana is not a state of permanence, joy, personality, and purity. Hīnayāna refutes the common view in regard to the phenomenal life; bodhisattvism refutes both views. |
四分 see styles |
sì fēn si4 fen1 ssu fen shibu しぶ |
(n,vs,vt,vi) dividing into four; quartering; (place-name) Shibu The 法相 Dharmalakṣana school divides the function of 識 cognition into four, i. e. 相分 mental phenomena, 見分 discriminating such phenomena, 自證分 the power that discriminates, and 證自證 the proof or assurance of that power. Another group is: 信 faith, 解 liberty, 行 action, and 證 assurance or realization. |
四宗 see styles |
sì zōng si4 zong1 ssu tsung shishū |
The four kinds of inference in logic— common, prejudged or opposing, insufficiently founded, arbitrary. Also, the four schools of thought I. According to 淨影 Jingying they are (1) 立性宗 that everything exists, or has its own nature; e. g. Sarvāstivāda, in the 'lower' schools of Hīnayāna; (2) 破性宗 that everything has not a nature of its own; e. g. the 成實宗 a 'higher' Hīnayāna school, the Satyasiddhi; (3) 破相宗 that form has no reality, because of the doctrine of the void, 'lower' Mahāyāna; (4) 願實宗 revelation of reality, that all comes from the bhūtatathatā, 'higher ' Mahāyāna. II. According to 曇隱 Tanyin of the 大衍 monastery they are (1) 因緣宗, i. e. 立性宗 all things are causally produced; (2) 假名宗, i. e. 破性宗 things are but names; (3) 不眞宗, i. e. 破相宗, denying the reality of form, this school fails to define reality; (4) 眞宗, i. e. 顯實宗 the school of the real, in contrast with the seeming. |
四方 see styles |
sì fāng si4 fang1 ssu fang yomono よもの |
four-way; four-sided; in all directions; everywhere (1) the four cardinal directions; north, east, south and west; all directions; (2) (しほう, よほう only) surroundings; (3) (しほう only) many countries; the whole world; (4) (よも only) all around; here and there; (5) (しほう, よほう only) square; quadrilateral; four-sided figure; (6) four sides (of a square); (surname) Yomono The four quarters of the compass; a square, square; the E. is ruled by Indra, S. by Yama, W. by Varuṇa, and N. by Vaiśramaṇa; the N. E. is ruled by 伊舍尼 Iśāna, S. E. by 護摩 Homa, S. W. by 涅哩底 Nirṛti, and the N. W. by 嚩瘐 Varuṇa. |
四智 see styles |
sì zhì si4 zhi4 ssu chih shichi |
The four forms of wisdom of a Buddha according to the 法相 Dharmalakṣana school: (1) 大圓鏡智 the great mirror wisdom of Akṣobhya; (2) 平等性智 the universal wisdom of Ratnaketu; (3) 妙觀察智 the profound observing wisdom of Amitābha; (4) 成所作智 the perfecting wisdom of Amoghasiddhi. There are various other groups. |
四更 see styles |
sì gēng si4 geng1 ssu keng shikou / shiko しこう |
fourth of the five night watch periods 01:00-03:00 (old) (archaism) fourth watch of the night (approx. 1am to 3am) |
四眞 see styles |
sì zhēn si4 zhen1 ssu chen shishin |
(四眞諦) The four noble truths, v. 四諦 (四聖諦) , i. e. 苦, 集, 滅, 道 pain, its location, its cessation, the way of cure. |
四禪 四禅 see styles |
sì chán si4 chan2 ssu ch`an ssu chan shizen |
(四禪天) The four dhyāna heavens, 四靜慮 (四靜慮天), i. e. the division of the eighteen brahmalokas into four dhyānas: the disciple attains to one of these heavens according to the dhyāna he observes: (1) 初禪天 The first region, 'as large as one whole universe' comprises the three heavens, Brahma-pāriṣadya, Brahma-purohita, and Mahābrahma, 梵輔, 梵衆, and 大梵天; the inhabitants are without gustatory or olfactory organs, not needing food, but possess the other four of the six organs. (2) 二禪天 The second region, equal to 'a small chiliocosmos' 小千界, comprises the three heavens, according to Eitel, 'Parīttābha, Apramāṇābha, and Ābhāsvara, ' i. e. 少光 minor light, 無量光 infinite light, and 極光淨 utmost light purity; the inhabitants have ceased to require the five physical organs, possessing only the organ of mind. (3) 三禪天 The third region, equal to 'a middling chiliocosmos '中千界, comprises three heavens; Eitel gives them as Parīttaśubha, Apramāṇaśubha, and Śubhakṛtsna, i. e. 少淨 minor purity, 無量淨 infinite purity, and 徧淨 universal purity; the inhabitants still have the organ of mind and are receptive of great joy. (4) 四禪天 The fourth region, equal to a great chiliocosmos, 大千界, comprises the remaining nine brahmalokas, namely, Puṇyaprasava, Anabhraka, Bṛhatphala, Asañjñisattva, Avṛha, Atapa, Sudṛśa, Sudarśana, and Akaniṣṭha (Eitel). The Chinese titles are 福生 felicitous birth, 無雲 cloudless, 廣果 large fruitage, 無煩 no vexations, atapa is 無熱 no heat, sudṛśa is 善見 beautiful to see, sudarśana is 善現 beautiful appearing, two others are 色究竟 the end of form, and 無想天 the heaven above thought, but it is difficult to trace avṛha and akaniṣṭha; the inhabitants of this fourth region still have mind. The number of the dhyāna heavens differs; the Sarvāstivādins say 16, the 經 or Sutra school 17, and the Sthavirāḥ school 18. Eitel points out that the first dhyāna has one world with one moon, one mem, four continents, and six devalokas; the second dhyāna has 1, 000 times the worlds of the first; the third has 1, 000 times the worlds of the second; the fourth dhyāna has 1, 000 times those of the third. Within a kalpa of destruction 壞劫 the first is destroyed fifty-six times by fire, the second seven by water, the third once by wind, the fourth 'corresponding to a state of absolute indifference' remains 'untouched' by all the other evolutions; when 'fate (天命) comes to an end then the fourth dhyāna may come to an end too, but not sooner'. |
四等 see styles |
sì děng si4 deng3 ssu teng shitō |
The four virtues which a Buddha out of his infinite heart manifests equally to all; also called 四無量 q. w. They are: 慈悲喜捨 maitrī, karuṇā, muditā, upekṣā, i. e. kindness, pity, joy and indifference, or 護 protection. Another group is 字語法身, i. e. 字 that all Buddhas have the same title or titles; 語 speak the same language; 法 proclaim the same truth; and 身 have each the threefold body, or trikāya. A third group is 諸法 all things are equally included in the bhūtatathatā; 發心 the mind-nature being universal, its field of action is universal; 道等 the way or method is also universal; therefore 慈悲 the mercy (of the Buddhas) is universal for all. |
四苦 see styles |
sì kǔ si4 ku3 ssu k`u ssu ku shiku しく |
{Buddh} the four kinds of suffering (birth, old age, disease, death) The four miseries, or sufferings — birth, age, disease, and death. |
四身 see styles |
sì shēn si4 shen1 ssu shen shishin |
The four kāya, or 'bodies'. The Laṅkāvatāra-sūtra gives 化佛; 功德佛; 智慧佛 and 如如佛; the first is the nirmāṇakāya, the second and third saṃbhogakāya, and the fourth dharmakāya. The 唯識論 gives 自性身; 他受用身; 自受用身, and 變化身, the first being 法身, the second and third 報身, and the fourth 化身. The Tiantai School gives 法身; 報身; 應身, and 化身. The esoteric sect has four divisions of the 法身. See 三身. |
四門 四门 see styles |
sì mén si4 men2 ssu men yotsukado よつかど |
(surname) Yotsukado The four doors, schools of thought, or theories: 有 is the phenomenal world real, or 空 unreal, or both, or neither ? According to the Tiantai school each of the four schools 四教 in discussing these four questions emphasizes one of them, i. e. 三藏教 that it is real 通教 unreal, 別通 both, 圓通 neither; v. 有 and 空, and each of the four schools. In esoteric symbolism the 四門 are four stages of initiation, development, enlightenment, and nirvana, and are associated with E., S., W., and N.; with the four seasons; with warmth, heat, coolness and cold, etc. |
回り see styles |
mawari まわり |
(1) rotation; (2) making the rounds; (3) spreading; (4) effect; efficacy; (n-suf,n) (5) by way of; via; (suf,ctr) (6) round; turn; (7) size; (8) 12-year period; 12-year age difference |
回事 see styles |
huí shì hui2 shi4 hui shih |
(old) to report to one's master |
因に see styles |
chinamini ちなみに |
(conjunction) (kana only) by the way; in this connection; incidentally; in passing |
因循 see styles |
yīn xún yin1 xun2 yin hsün injun いんじゅん |
to continue the same old routine; to carry on just as before; to procrastinate (noun or adjectival noun) indecision; vacillation |
因明 see styles |
yīn míng yin1 ming2 yin ming inmyou / inmyo いんみょう |
(See 五明) hetuvidya (ancient Indian logic for determining right from wrong, truth from falsehood, etc.) Hetuvidya, 醯都費陀, the science of cause, logical reasoning, logic, with its syllogistic method of the proposition, the reason, the example. The creation of this school of logic is attributed to Akṣapāda, probably a name for the philosopher Gautama (not Śākyamuni). The 因明論 or Hetu-vidyā-śāstra is one of the 五明論 pañcavidya-śāstras, a treatise explaining causality, or the nature of truth and error. |
因襲 因袭 see styles |
yīn xí yin1 xi2 yin hsi inshuu / inshu いんしゅう |
to follow old patterns; to imitate existing models; to continue along the same lines convention; tradition; long-established custom |
因道 see styles |
yīn dào yin1 dao4 yin tao indō |
The way, or principle, of causation. |
図工 see styles |
zukou / zuko ずこう |
(abbreviation) (See 図画工作) drawing and manual arts (school subject); arts and crafts |
固陋 see styles |
korou / koro ころう |
(noun or adjectival noun) stubbornly sticking to old ways; dislike of new things; narrow-mindedness |
国学 see styles |
kokugaku こくがく |
(1) study of classical Japanese literature and culture; (2) (hist) provincial school (established under the ritsuryō system for educating children of district governors); (3) (hist) school (of a provincial capital during the Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties) |
国語 see styles |
kokugo こくご |
(1) national language; (2) (See 国語科) Japanese language (esp. as a school subject in Japan); (3) one's native language; mother tongue; (4) native Japanese words (as opposed to loanwords and Chinese-derived words) |
圉人 see styles |
yǔ rén yu3 ren2 yü jen |
(old) horse breeder |
國中 国中 see styles |
guó zhōng guo2 zhong1 kuo chung kuninaka くになか |
junior high school (Tw); abbr. for 國民中學|国民中学[guo2 min2 zhong1 xue2] (surname) Kuninaka within the land |
國小 国小 see styles |
guó xiǎo guo2 xiao3 kuo hsiao |
elementary school (Tw); abbr. for 國民小學|国民小学[guo2 min2 xiao3 xue2] |
國語 国语 see styles |
guó yǔ guo2 yu3 kuo yü |
Chinese language (Mandarin), emphasizing its national nature; Chinese as a primary or secondary school subject; Chinese in the context of the Nationalist Government; Guoyu, book of historical narrative c. 10th-5th century BC |
圏点 see styles |
kenten けんてん |
(symbols such as o and ｀) (See 傍点・1) emphasis mark (used in Japanese text in a way similar to underlining) |
園長 园长 see styles |
yuán zhǎng yuan2 zhang3 yüan chang enchou / encho えんちょう |
person in charge of a place that ends in 園|园, such as a vineyard 葡萄園|葡萄园, zoo 動物園|动物园, cemetery 陵園|陵园 etc head of a garden; kindergarten principal; nursery school principal; park director; zoo director; head of a plantation |
圓位 圆位 see styles |
yuán wèi yuan2 wei4 yüan wei Eni |
The perfect status, the position of the 'perfect' school, perfect unity which embraces all diversity. |
圓佛 圆佛 see styles |
yuán fó yuan2 fo2 yüan fo enbutsu えんぶつ |
(surname) Enbutsu The Buddha of the 'perfect' school, the perfect pan-Buddha embracing all things in every direction; the dharmakāya; Vairocana, identified with Śākyamuni. |
圓信 圆信 see styles |
yuán xìn yuan2 xin4 yüan hsin enshin |
Complete faith; the faith of the 'perfect' school. A Tiantai doctrine that a moment's faith embraces the universe. |
圓妙 圆妙 see styles |
yuán miào yuan2 miao4 yüan miao enmyō |
The mystery of the 'perfect' school, i.e. the complete harmony of 空假中 noumenon, phenomenon, and the middle way. |
圓宗 圆宗 see styles |
yuán zōng yuan2 zong1 yüan tsung enshū |
The sect of the complete or final Buddha-truth, i.e. Tiantai; cf. 圓教. |
圓悟 圆悟 see styles |
yuán wù yuan2 wu4 yüan wu engo えんご |
(personal name) Engo Completely to apprehend the truth. In Tiantai, the complete apprehension at the same time of noumenon, phenomenon, and the middle way. |
圓教 圆教 see styles |
yuán jiào yuan2 jiao4 yüan chiao engyō |
The complete, perfect, or comprehensive doctrine; the school or sect of Mahāyāna which represents it. The term has had three references. The first was by 光統 Guangtong of the Later Wei, sixth century, who defined three schools, 漸 gradual, 頓 immediate, and 圓 inclusive or complete. The Tiantai called its fourth section the inclusive, complete, or perfect teaching 圓, the other three being 三藏 Hīnayāna, 通 Mahāyāna-cum-Hīnayāna, 別 Mahāyāna. The Huayan so called its fifth section, i.e. 小乘; 大乘始; 大乘終; 頓 and 圓. It is the Tiantai version that is in general acceptance, defined as a perfect whole and as complete in its parts; for the whole is the absolute and its parts are therefore the absolute; the two may be called noumenon and phenomenon, or 空 and 假 (or 俗), but in reality they are one, i.e. the 中 medial condition. To conceive these three as a whole is the Tiantai inclusive or 'perfect' doctrine. The Huayan 'perfect' doctrine also taught that unity and differentiation, or absolute and relative, were one, a similar doctrine to that of the identity of contraries. In Tiantai teaching the harmony is due to its underlying unity; its completeness to the permeation of this unity in all phenomena; these two are united in the medial 中 principle; to comprehend these three principles at one and the same time is the complete, all-containing, or 'perfect' doctrine of Tiantai. There are other definitions of the all-inclusive doctrine, e.g. the eight complete things, complete in teaching, principles, knowledge, etc. 圓教四門 v. 四門. |
圓行 圆行 see styles |
yuán xíng yuan2 xing2 yüan hsing engyou / engyo えんぎょう |
(surname) Engyou The conduct or discipline of the Tiantai 'perfect' school. |
圓道 圆道 see styles |
yuán dào yuan2 dao4 yüan tao endou / endo えんどう |
(surname) Endō The perfect way (of the three principles of Tiantai, v. above). |
團丁 团丁 see styles |
tuán dīng tuan2 ding1 t`uan ting tuan ting |
(old) member of local militia |
團練 团练 see styles |
tuán liàn tuan2 lian4 t`uan lien tuan lien |
local militia formed to suppress peasant rebellion (old) |
在学 see styles |
zaigaku ざいがく |
(n,vs,vi) attending (school, college, etc.); being enrolled; being a student |
在校 see styles |
zài xiào zai4 xiao4 tsai hsiao zaikou / zaiko ざいこう |
(attributive) to be enrolled in a school (or university etc) (n,vs,vi) being in school; being a student (of) |
在籍 see styles |
zaiseki ざいせき |
(n,vs,vi) being enrolled (at a school); being registered; being a member (of a team, organization, etc.) |
在讀 在读 see styles |
zài dú zai4 du2 tsai tu |
to be studying (at a school or research institute) |
地保 see styles |
dì bǎo di4 bao3 ti pao jiho ぢほ |
(old) local constable (place-name) Jiho |
地動 地动 see styles |
dì dòng di4 dong4 ti tung chidou / chido ちどう |
earthquake (old term) (1) (See 地震) (internal) movement of the earth; earthquake; (2) motions of the earth (i.e. rotation and revolution) Earthquake; the earth shaken, one of the signs of Buddha-power. |
坐法 see styles |
zuò fǎ zuo4 fa3 tso fa zahō ざほう |
(formal) ways of sitting way of sitting |
垂老 see styles |
chuí lǎo chui2 lao3 ch`ui lao chui lao |
approaching old age |
垣衣 see styles |
yuán yī yuan2 yi1 yüan i |
moss under old walls |
基測 基测 see styles |
jī cè ji1 ce4 chi ts`e chi tse |
Basic Competence Test for Junior High School Students (Tw), abbr. for 國民中學學生基本學力測驗|国民中学学生基本学力测验 |
堂倌 see styles |
táng guān tang2 guan1 t`ang kuan tang kuan |
(old) waiter; attendant |
報官 报官 see styles |
bào guān bao4 guan1 pao kuan |
to report a case to the authorities (old) |
報怨 报怨 see styles |
bào yuàn bao4 yuan4 pao yüan |
to pay back a score; to get revenge; to requite; (old) variant of 抱怨[bao4 yuan4] |
報條 报条 see styles |
bào tiáo bao4 tiao2 pao t`iao pao tiao |
report of success from a candidate to the imperial examination (old); list of deaths |
堺流 see styles |
sakairyuu / sakairyu さかいりゅう |
(1) Sakai school of tea ceremony; (2) Sakai school of calligraphy |
塞く see styles |
fusagu ふさぐ |
(transitive verb) (1) to stop up; to close up; to block (up); to plug up; to shut up; to cover (ears, eyes, etc.); to close (eyes, mouth); (transitive verb) (2) to stand in the way; to obstruct; (transitive verb) (3) to occupy; to fill up; to take up; (transitive verb) (4) to perform one's role; to do one's duty; (v5g,vi) (5) (See 鬱ぐ・ふさぐ) to feel depressed; to be in low spirits; to mope |
塞北 see styles |
sài běi sai4 bei3 sai pei |
territories beyond the Great Wall (old) |
塞外 see styles |
sài wài sai4 wai4 sai wai saigai さいがい |
territories beyond the Great Wall (old) (1) outside a fort; (2) (hist) outside the Great Wall of China |
塾弁 see styles |
jukuben じゅくべん |
(slang) (See 弁・3) lunch box brought to cram school; cram school lunch box |
塾生 see styles |
jukusei / jukuse じゅくせい |
cram school student; student of a private-tutoring school |
塾舎 see styles |
jukusha じゅくしゃ |
(1) cram school building; (2) dormitory for cram school students |
塾講 see styles |
jukukou / jukuko じゅくこう |
(colloquialism) cram school teacher; teaching at a cram school |
塾長 see styles |
jukuchou / jukucho じゅくちょう |
principal of a private school |
增收 see styles |
zēng shōu zeng1 shou1 tseng shou |
to increase revenue; to increase income by (x amount); to levy (a surcharge, tax increase etc); (of a school) to have an increased student intake |
墨子 see styles |
mò zǐ mo4 zi3 mo tzu bokushi ぼくし |
Mozi (c. 470-391 BC), founder of the Mohist School 墨家[Mo4 jia1] of the Warring States Period (475-220 BC) (person) Mozi (ca. 468-391 BCE), Chinese philosopher |
墨家 see styles |
mò jiā mo4 jia1 mo chia bokka; bokuka ぼっか; ぼくか |
Mohist School of the Warring States Period (475-220 BC), founded by the philosopher 墨子[Mo4 zi3] (hist) Mohism; Moism |
墨者 see styles |
mò zhě mo4 zhe3 mo che |
Mohist; follower of Mohist school |
壁觀 壁观 see styles |
bì guān bi4 guan1 pi kuan hekkan |
The wall-gazer, applied to Bodhidharma, who is said to have gazed at a wall for nine years. Also a name for the meditation of the Chan school. |
壅ぐ see styles |
fusagu ふさぐ |
(transitive verb) (1) to stop up; to close up; to block (up); to plug up; to shut up; to cover (ears, eyes, etc.); to close (eyes, mouth); (2) to stand in the way; to obstruct; (3) to occupy; to fill up; to take up; (4) to perform one's role; to do one's duty; (Godan verb with "gu" ending) (5) to feel depressed; to mope |
士子 see styles |
shì zǐ shi4 zi3 shih tzu hitoko ひとこ |
official; scholar (old) (female given name) Hitoko |
壽沒 寿没 see styles |
shòu mò shou4 mo4 shou mo jumotsu |
to die of old age |
壽禮 寿礼 see styles |
shòu lǐ shou4 li3 shou li |
birthday present (for an old person) |
壽終 寿终 see styles |
shòu zhōng shou4 zhong1 shou chung jushū |
to die of old age; to live to a ripe old age; (fig.) (of something) to come to an end (after a long period of service) end of life |
壽辰 寿辰 see styles |
shòu chén shou4 chen2 shou ch`en shou chen |
birthday (of an old person) |
夏州 see styles |
xià zhōu xia4 zhou1 hsia chou |
old place name (up to Tang), in Hengshan county 橫山縣|横山县, Yulin, Shaanxi |
夏期 see styles |
kaki かき |
(noun - becomes adjective with の) summer term (e.g. school); summer period |
外心 see styles |
wài xīn wai4 xin1 wai hsin gaishin がいしん |
(of a married person) interest in a third person; (old) (of a minister etc) disloyal disposition; (math.) circumcenter (of a polygon) {math} (See 内心・2) circumcenter; circumcentre; outer center; outer centre |
外放 see styles |
wài fàng wai4 fang4 wai fang |
extroverted; outgoing; to play audio through speakers (rather than through earphones); (old) to appoint to a post outside the capital |
外方 see styles |
soppo そっぽ |
(kana only) (See そっぽを向く) the other way |
夙嫌 see styles |
sù xián su4 xian2 su hsien |
old grudge; long-standing resentment |
夙敵 夙敌 see styles |
sù dí su4 di2 su ti |
old foe; long-standing enemy |
夙諾 夙诺 see styles |
sù nuò su4 nuo4 su no |
old promise; long-standing commitment |
多大 see styles |
duō dà duo1 da4 to ta tadai ただい |
how old?; how big?; how much?; so big; that much (adj-na,adj-no,n) great (quantity, amount, etc.); huge; enormous; serious |
多羅 多罗 see styles |
duō luó duo1 luo2 to lo tara たら |
(1) (abbreviation) (See 多羅樹) palmyra; (2) (abbreviation) (See 多羅葉) lusterleaf holly; (3) patra (silver incense dish placed in front of a Buddhist statue); (surname, female given name) Tara tārā, in the sense of starry, or scintillation; Tāla, for the fan-palm; Tara, from 'to pass over', a ferry, etc. Tārā, starry, piercing, the eye, the pupil; the last two are both Sanskrit and Chinese definitions; it is a term applied to certain female deities and has been adopted especially by Tibetan Buddhism for certain devīs of the Tantric school. The origin of the term is also ascribed to tar meaning 'to cross', i. e. she who aids to cross the sea of mortality. Getty, 19-27. The Chinese derivation is the eye; the tara devīs; either as śakti or independent, are little known outside Lamaism. Tāla is the palmyra, or fan-palm, whose leaves are used for writing and known as 具多 Pei-to, pattra. The tree is described as 70 or 80 feet high, with fruit like yellow rice-seeds; the borassus eabelliformis; a measure of 70 feet. Taras, from to cross over, also means a ferry, and a bank, or the other shore. Also 呾囉. |
夜学 see styles |
yagaku やがく |
(1) night school; evening school; evening class; (2) night study |
夜校 see styles |
yè xiào ye4 xiao4 yeh hsiao |
evening school; night school |
大乘 see styles |
dà shèng da4 sheng4 ta sheng oonori おおのり |
Mahayana, the Great Vehicle; Buddhism based on the Mayahana sutras, as spread to Central Asia, China and beyond; also pr. [Da4 cheng2] (surname) Oonori Mahāyāna; also called 上乘; 妙乘; 勝乘; 無上乘; 無上上乘; 不惡乘; 無等乘, 無等等乘; 摩訶衍 The great yāna, wain, or conveyance, or the greater vehicle in comparison with the 小乘 Hīnayāna. It indicates universalism, or Salvation for all, for all are Buddha and will attain bodhi. It is the form of Buddhism prevalent in Tibet, Mongolia, China, Korea, Japan, and in other places in the Far East. It is also called Northern Buddhism. It is interpreted as 大教 the greater teaching as compared with 小教 the smaller, or inferior. Hīnayāna, which is undoubtedly nearer to the original teaching of the Buddha, is unfairly described as an endeavour to seek nirvana through an ash-covered body, an extinguished intellect, and solitariness; its followers are sravakas and pratyekabuddhas (i.e. those who are striving for their own deliverance through ascetic works). Mahāyāna, on the other hand, is described as seeking to find and extend all knowledge, and, in certain schools, to lead all to Buddhahood. It has a conception of an Eternal Buddha, or Buddhahood as Eternal (Adi-Buddha), but its especial doctrines are, inter alia, (a) the bodhisattvas 菩薩 , i.e. beings who deny themselves final Nirvana until, according to their vows, they have first saved all the living; (b) salvation by faith in, or invocation of the Buddhas or bodhisattvas; (c) Paradise as a nirvana of bliss in the company of Buddhas, bodhisattvas, saints, and believers. Hīnayāna is sometimes described as 自利 self-benefiting, and Mahāyāna as 自利利他 self-benefit for the benefit of others, unlimited altruism and pity being the theory of Mahāyāna. There is a further division into one-yana and three-yanas: the trīyāna may be śrāvaka, pratyeka-buddha, and bodhisattva, represented by a goat, deer, or bullock cart; the one-yāna is that represented by the Lotus School as the one doctrine of the Buddha, which had been variously taught by him according to the capacity of his hearers, v. 方便. Though Mahāyāna tendencies are seen in later forms of the older Buddhism, the foundation of Mahāyāna has been attributed to Nāgārjuna 龍樹. "The characteristics of this system are an excess of transcendental speculation tending to abstract nihilism, and the substitution of fanciful degrees of meditation and contemplation (v. Samādhi and Dhyāna) in place of the practical asceticism of the Hīnayāna school."[Eitel 68-9.] Two of its foundation books are the 起信論and the 妙法蓮華經 but a larnge numberof Mahāyāna sutras are ascribed to the Buddha。. |
大事 see styles |
dà shì da4 shi4 ta shih daiji だいじ |
major event; major political event (war or change of regime); major social event (wedding or funeral); (do something) in a big way; CL:件[jian4],樁|桩[zhuang1] (adjectival noun) (1) important; serious; crucial; (adjectival noun) (2) valuable; precious; (3) (See 大事・おおごと) serious matter; major incident; matter of grave concern; crisis; (4) great undertaking; great enterprise; great thing; (adjectival noun) (5) (Tochigi dialect) (See だいじょうぶ・1) safe; OK (因緣) For the sake of a great cause, or because of a great matter―the Buddha appeared, i.e. for changing illusion into enlightenment. The Lotus interprets it as enlightenment; the Nirvana as the Buddha-nature; the 無量壽經 as the joy of Paradise. |
大兵 see styles |
dà bīng da4 bing1 ta ping daihyou / daihyo だいひょう |
soldier; large army; powerful army; (old) large-scale war great stature; large build |
大勢 大势 see styles |
dà shì da4 shi4 ta shih oose おおせ |
general situation; general trend; general tendency; way things are moving; current (of the times); tide (e.g. of public opinion); (surname) Oose See 大勢至菩薩. |
大坂 see styles |
dà bǎn da4 ban3 ta pan daizaka だいざか |
Japanese surname Osaka; old variant of 大阪[Da4ban3] (Osaka, city in Japan), used prior to the Meiji era (archaism) large hill; (1) Osaka; (2) (archaism) large hill; (place-name) Daizaka |
大壽 大寿 see styles |
dà shòu da4 shou4 ta shou |
(polite) birthday making the beginning of new decade of life for an older person, especially over 50 years old (e.g. 60th or 70th birthday) See: 大寿 |
大天 see styles |
dà tiān da4 tian1 ta t`ien ta tien daiten だいてん |
(surname) Daiten Mahādeva. 摩訶提婆. (1) A former incarnation of Śākyamuni as a Cakravartī. (2) A title of Maheśvara. (3) An able supporter of the Mahāsāṃghikaḥ, whose date is given as about a hundred years after the Buddha's death, but he is also described as a favorite of Aśoka, with whom he is associated as persecutor of the Sthavirāḥ, the head of which escaped into Kashmir. If from the latter school sprang the Mahāyāna, it may account for the detestation in which Mahādeva is held by the Mahāyānists. An account of his wickedness and heresies is given in 西域記 3 and in 婆沙論 99. |
大将 see styles |
hiromasa ひろまさ |
(1) {mil} general; admiral; (2) head; chief; leader; boss; kingpin; (3) (familiar language) (familiar or jocular term for addressing a male) old chap; mate; boss; chief; man; (4) (See 先鋒・せんぽう・2) athlete who competes in the last match of a team competition (kendo, judo, etc.); (given name) Hiromasa |
大帥 大帅 see styles |
dà shuài da4 shuai4 ta shuai |
(old) commanding general; commander-in-chief; (Qing dynasty) title for a governor-general (provincial military governor) 總督|总督[zong3 du1] |
大愚 see styles |
dà yú da4 yu2 ta yü taigu たいぐ |
idiot; ignorant fool great folly or fool The "greatly ignorant", name of a monastery and title of its patriarch, of the Ch'an (Zen) or intuitive school. |
大慧 see styles |
dà huì da4 hui4 ta hui daie だいえ |
(personal name) Daie Mahāmati 摩訶摩底 (1) Great wisdom, the leading bodhisattva of the Laṅkāvatāra-sūtra. (2) Name of a Hangchow master of the Chan school, Zonggao 宗杲 of the Song dynasty, whose works are the 大慧書. (3) Posthumous title of 一行Yixing, a master of the Chan school in the Tang dynasty. |
大教 see styles |
dà jiào da4 jiao4 ta chiao daikyō |
The great teaching. (1) That of the Buddha. (2) Tantrayāna. The mahātantra, yoga, yogacarya, or tantra school which claims Samantabhadra as its founder. It aims at ecstatic union of the individual soul with the world soul, Iśvara. From this result the eight great powers of Siddhi (aṣṭa-mahāsiddhi), namely, ability to (1) make one's body lighter (laghiman); (2) heavier (gaiman); (3) smaller (aṇiman); (4) larger (mahiman) than anything in the world ; (5) reach any place (prāpti) ; (6) assume any shape (prākāmya) ; (7) control all natural laws (īśitva) ; (8) make everything depend upon oneself; all at will (v.如意身 and 神足). By means of mystic formulas (Tantras or dhāraṇīs), or spells (mantras), accompanied by music and manipulation of the hands (mūdra), a state of mental fixity characterized neither by thought nor the annihilation of thought, can be reached. This consists of six-fold bodily and mental happiness (yoga), and from this results power to work miracles. Asaṅga compiled his mystic doctrines circa A.D. 500. The system was introduced into China A.D. 647 by Xuanzang's translation of the Yogācārya-bhūmi-śāstra 瑜伽師地論 ; v. 瑜. On the basis of this, Amoghavajra established the Chinese branch of the school A.D. 720 ; v. 阿目. This was popularized by the labours of Vajrabodhi A.D. 732 ; v. 金剛智. |
大日 see styles |
dà rì da4 ri4 ta jih dainichi だいにち |
Mahavairocana (Tathagata); Great Sun; Supreme Buddha of Sino-Japanese esoteric Buddhism; (place-name, surname) Dainichi Vairocana, or Mahāvairocana 大日如來; 遍照如來; 摩訶毘盧遮那； 毘盧遮那; 大日覺王 The sun, "shining everywhere" The chief object of worship of the Shingon sect in Japan, "represented by the gigantic image in the temple at Nara." (Eliot.) There he is known as Dai-nichi-nyorai. He is counted as the first, and according to some, the origin of the five celestial Buddhas (dhyāni-buddhas, or jinas). He dwells quiescent in Arūpa-dhātu, the Heaven beyond form, and is the essence of wisdom (bodhi) and of absolute purity. Samantabhadra 普賢 is his dhyāni-bodhisattva. The 大日經 "teaches that Vairocana is the whole world, which is divided into Garbhadhātu (material) and Vajradhātu (indestructible), the two together forming Dharmadhātu. The manifestations of Vairocana's body to himself―that is, Buddhas and Bodhisattvas ―are represented symbolically by diagrams of several circles ". Eliot. In the 金剛界 or vajradhātu maṇḍala he is the center of the five groups. In the 胎藏界 or Garbhadhātu he is the center of the eight-leaf (lotus) court. His appearance, symbols, esoteric word, differ according to the two above distinctions. Generally he is considered as an embodiment of the Truth 法, both in the sense of dharmakāya 法身 and dharmaratna 法寳. Some hold Vairocana to be the dharmakāya of Śākyamuni 大日與釋迦同一佛 but the esoteric school denies this identity. Also known as 最高顯廣眼藏如來, the Tathagata who, in the highest, reveals the far-reaching treasure of his eye, i.e. the sun. 大日大聖不動明王 is described as one of his transformations. Also, a śramaņa of Kashmir (contemporary of Padma-saṃbhava); he is credited with introducing Buddhism into Khotan and being an incarnation of Mañjuśrī; the king Vijaya Saṃbhava built a monastery for him. |
大昔 see styles |
oomukashi おおむかし |
(n-adv,n-t) great antiquity; old-fashioned; long ago |
Entries with 2nd row of characters: The 2nd row is Simplified Chinese.
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This page contains 100 results for "The Old Way - Old School" in Chinese and/or Japanese.Information about this dictionary:
Apparently, we were the first ones who were crazy enough to think that western people might want a combined Chinese, Japanese, and Buddhist dictionary.
A lot of westerners can't tell the difference between Chinese and Japanese - and there is a reason for that. Chinese characters and even whole words were borrowed by Japan from the Chinese language in the 5th century. Much of the time, if a word or character is used in both languages, it will have the same or a similar meaning. However, this is not always true. Language evolves, and meanings independently change in each language.
Example: The Chinese character 湯 for soup (hot water) has come to mean bath (hot water) in Japanese. They have the same root meaning of "hot water", but a 湯屋 sign on a bathhouse in Japan would lead a Chinese person to think it was a "soup house" or a place to get a bowl of soup. See this: Japanese Bath House
This dictionary uses the EDICT and CC-CEDICT dictionary files.
EDICT data is the property of the Electronic Dictionary Research and Development Group, and is used in conformance with the Group's
license.
Chinese Buddhist terms come from Dictionary of Chinese Buddhist Terms by William Edward Soothill and Lewis Hodous. This is commonly referred to as "Soothill's'". It was first published in 1937 (and is now off copyright so we can use it here). Some of these definitions may be misleading, incomplete, or dated, but 95% of it is good information. Every professor who teaches Buddhism or Eastern Religion has a copy of this on their bookshelf. We incorporated these 16,850 entries into our dictionary database ourselves (it was lot of work).
Combined, these cover 1,007,753 Japanese, Chinese, and Buddhist characters, words, idioms, names, placenames, and short phrases.
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