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Old Wade-Giles romanization used only in Taiwan.
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Buddhist definition. Note: May not apply to all sects.
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Characters Pronunciation
Romanization
Simple Dictionary Definition

see styles

    fu2
fu
 hotoke
    ほとけ

More info & calligraphy:

Buddhism / Buddha
used in 仿佛[fang3 fu2]
(surname) Hotoke
Buddha, from budh to "be aware of", "conceive", "observe", "wake"; also 佛陀; 浮圖; 浮陀; 浮頭; 浮塔; 勃陀; 勃馱; 沒馱; 母馱; 母陀; 部陀; 休屠. Buddha means "completely conscious, enlightened", and came to mean the enlightener. he Chinese translation is 覺 to perceive, aware, awake; and 智 gnosis, knowledge. There is an Eternal Buddha, see e.g. the Lotus Sutra, cap. 16, and multitudes of Buddhas, but the personality of a Supreme Buddha, an Ādi-Buddha, is not defined. Buddha is in and through all things, and some schools are definitely Pan-Buddhist in the pantheistic sense. In the triratna 三寳 commonly known as 三寳佛, while Śākyamuni Buddha is the first "person" of the Trinity, his Law the second, and the Order the third, all three by some are accounted as manifestations of the All-Buddha. As Śākyamuni, the title indicates him as the last of the line of Buddhas who have appeared in this world, Maitreya is to be the next. As such he is the one who has achieved enlightenment, having discovered the essential evil of existence (some say mundane existence, others all existence), and the way of deliverance from the constant round of reincarnations; this way is through the moral life into nirvana, by means of self-abnegation, the monastic life, and meditation. By this method a Buddha, or enlightened one, himself obtains Supreme Enlightenment, or Omniscience, and according to Māhāyanism leads all beings into the same enlightenment. He sees things not as they seem in their phenomenal but in their noumenal aspects, as they really are. The term is also applied to those who understand the chain of causality (twelve nidānas) and have attained enlightenment surpassing that of the arhat. Four types of the Buddha are referred to: (1) 三藏佛the Buddha of the Tripiṭaka who attained enlightenment on the bare ground under the bodhi-tree; (2) 通佛the Buddha on the deva robe under the bodhi-tree of the seven precious things; (3) 別佛the Buddha on the great precious Lotus throne under the Lotus realm bodhi-tree; and (4) 圓佛the Buddha on the throne of Space in the realm of eternal rest and glory where he is Vairocana. The Hīnayāna only admits the existence of one Buddha at a time; Mahāyāna claims the existence of many Buddhas at one and the same time, as many Buddhas as there are Buddha-universes, which are infinite in number.

see styles
kòng
    kong4
k`ung
    kung
 ron
    ろん
to empty; vacant; unoccupied; space; leisure; free time
(1) empty air; sky; (2) {Buddh} shunyata (the lack of an immutable intrinsic nature within any phenomenon); emptiness; (3) (abbreviation) (See 空軍) air force; (noun or adjectival noun) (4) fruitlessness; meaninglessness; (noun or adjectival noun) (5) (See 五大・1) void (one of the five elements); (can be adjective with の) (6) {math} empty (e.g. set); (female given name) Ron
śūnya, empty, void, hollow, vacant, nonexistent. śūnyatā, 舜若多, vacuity, voidness, emptiness, non-existence, immateriality, perhaps spirituality, unreality, the false or illusory nature of all existence, the seeming 假 being unreal. The doctrine that all phenomena and the ego have no reality, but are composed of a certain number of skandhas or elements, which disintegrate. The void, the sky, space. The universal, the absolute, complete abstraction without relativity. There are classifications into 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 11, 13, 16, and 18 categories. The doctrine is that all things are compounds, or unstable organisms, possessing no self-essence, i.e. are dependent, or caused, come into existence only to perish. The underlying reality, the principle of eternal relativity, or non-infinity, i.e. śūnya, permeates all phenomena making possible their evolution. From this doctrine the Yogācārya school developed the idea of the permanent reality, which is Essence of Mind, the unknowable noumenon behind all phenomena, the entity void of ideas and phenomena, neither matter nor mind, but the root of both.

化身

see styles
huà shēn
    hua4 shen1
hua shen
 keshin
    けしん

More info & calligraphy:

Avatar
incarnation; reincarnation; embodiment (of abstract idea); personification
(n,vs,adj-no,vi) {Buddh} incarnation; impersonation; personification; avatar
nirmāṇakāya, 應身, 應化身; 變化身 The third characteristic or power of the trikāya 三身, a Buddha's metamorphosic body, which has power to assume any shape to propagate the Truth. Some interpret the term as connoting pan-Buddha, that all nature in its infinite variety is the phenomenal 佛身 Buddha-body. A narrower interpretation is his appearance in human form expressed by 應身, while 化身 is used for his manifold other forms of appearances.

無極


无极

see styles
wú jí
    wu2 ji2
wu chi
 mugoku
    むごく

More info & calligraphy:

Wu Chi / Wuji
everlasting; unbounded
(n,adj-na,adj-no) (1) limitless; (n,adj-na,adj-no) (2) apolar; (n,adj-na,adj-no) (3) (See 太極) limitlessness of taiji; (given name) Mugoku
Limitless, infinite.

無盡


无尽

see styles
wú jìn
    wu2 jin4
wu chin
 mujin
    むじん

More info & calligraphy:

Endless / Without Limit
endless; inexhaustible
(given name) Mujin
Inexhaustible, without limit. It is a term applied by the 權教 to the noumenal or absolute; by the 實教 to the phenomenal, both being considered as infinite. The Huayan sūtra 十地品 has ten limitless things, the infinitude of living beings, of worlds, of space, of the dharmadhātu, of nirvāṇa, etc.

無窮


无穷

see styles
wú qióng
    wu2 qiong2
wu ch`iung
    wu chiung
 mukyuu / mukyu
    むきゅう
endless; boundless; inexhaustible
(noun or adjectival noun) eternity; infinitude; immortality
inexhaustible

無量


无量

see styles
wú liàng
    wu2 liang4
wu liang
 muryou / muryo
    むりょう

More info & calligraphy:

Immeasurable / Unlimited
measureless; immeasurable
(adj-no,n) immeasurable; infinite; inestimable; (given name) Muryō
apramāṇa; amita; ananta; immeasurable, unlimited, e.g. the 'four infinite' characteristics of a bodhisattva are 慈悲喜捨 kindness, pity, joy, and self-sacrifice.

無限


无限

see styles
wú xiàn
    wu2 xian4
wu hsien
 mugen
    むげん
unlimited; unbounded
(1) infinity; infinitude; eternity; (adj-no,adj-na) (2) infinite; limitless; (given name) Mugen
infinite

四無量心


四无量心

see styles
sì wú liàng xīn
    si4 wu2 liang4 xin1
ssu wu liang hsin
 shi muryōshin
catvāri apramāṇāni; the four immeasurables, or infinite Buddha-states of mind, also styled 四等 the four equalities, or universals, and 四梵行 noble acts or characteristics; i. e. four of the twelve 禪 dhyānas: 慈無量心 boundless kindness, maitrī, or bestowing of joy or happiness; 悲無量心 boundless pity, karuṇā, to save from suffering; 喜無量心 boundless joy, muditā, on seeing others rescued from suffering; 捨無量心 limitless indifference, upekṣā, i. e. rising above these emotions, or giving up all things, e. g. distinctions of friend and enemy, love and hate, etc. The esoteric sect has a special definition of its own, connecting each of the four with 普賢; 虛 空 藏; 觀自在; or 盧 空 庫.

see styles
miǎo
    miao3
miao
a flood; infinity

see styles
hòng
    hong4
hung
vast; infinite

三堅


三坚

see styles
sān jiān
    san1 jian1
san chien
 sanken
The three sure or certain things are 身, 命 and 財, i.e. the reward of the true disciple is an infinite body or personality, an endless life, and boundless (spiritual) possessions, 無極之身, 無窮之命, 無盡之財, v. 能摩經:菩薩品.

三身

see styles
sān shēn
    san1 shen1
san shen
 sanmi
    さんみ
{Buddh} trikaya (three bodies of the Buddha); (surname) Sanmi
trikāya. 三寶身 The threefold body or nature of a Buddha, i.e. the 法, 報, and 化身, or dharmakāya, sambhogakāya, and nirmāṇakāya. The three are defined as 自性, 受用, and 變化, the Buddha-body per se, or in its essential nature; his body of bliss, which he "receives" for his own "use" and enjoyment; and his body of transformation, by which he can appear in any form; i.e. spiritual, or essential; glorified; revealed. While the doctrine of the trikāya is a Mahāyāna concept, it partly results from the Hīnayāna idealization of the earthly Buddha with his thirty-two signs, eighty physical marks, clairvoyance, clairaudience, holiness, purity, wisdom, pity, etc. Mahāyāna, however, proceeded to conceive of Buddha as the Universal, the All, with infinity of forms, yet above all our concepts of unity or diversity. To every Buddha Mahāyāna attributed a three-fold body: that of essential Buddha; that of joy or enjoyment of the fruits of his past saving labours; that of power to transform himself at will to any shape for omnipresent salvation of those who need him. The trinity finds different methods of expression, e.g. Vairocana is entitled 法身, the embodiment of the Law, shining everywhere, enlightening all; Locana is 報身; c.f. 三賓, the embodiment of purity and bliss; Śākyamuni is 化身 or Buddha revealed. In the esoteric sect they are 法 Vairocana, 報 Amitābha, and 化 Śākyamuni. The 三賓 are also 法 dharma, 報 saṅgha, 化 buddha. Nevertheless, the three are considered as a trinity, the three being essentially one, each in the other. (1) 法身 Dharmakāya in its earliest conception was that of the body of the dharma, or truth, as preached by Śākyamuni; later it became his mind or soul in contrast with his material body. In Mādhyamika, the dharmakāya was the only reality, i.e. the void, or the immateria1, the ground of all phenomena; in other words, the 眞如 the tathāgatagarbha, the bhūtatathatā. According to the Huayan (Kegon) School it is the 理or noumenon, while the other two are氣or phenomenal aspects. "For the Vijñānavāda... the body of the law as highest reality is the void intelligence, whose infection (saṃkleҫa) results in the process of birth and death, whilst its purification brings about Nirvāṇa, or its restoration to its primitive transparence" (Keith). The "body of the law is the true reality of everything". Nevertheless, in Mahāyāna every Buddha has his own 法身; e.g. in the dharmakāya aspect we have the designation Amitābha, who in his saṃbhogakāya aspect is styled Amitāyus. (2) 報身Sambhogakāya, a Buddha's reward body, or body of enjoyment of the merits he attained as a bodhisattva; in other words, a Buddha in glory in his heaven. This is the form of Buddha as an object of worship. It is defined in two aspects, (a) 自受用身 for his own bliss, and (b) 他受用身 for the sake of others, revealing himself in his glory to bodhisattvas, enlightening and inspiring them. By wisdom a Buddha's dharmakāya is attained, by bodhisattva-merits his saṃbhogakāya. Not only has every Buddha all the three bodies or aspects, but as all men are of the same essence, or nature, as Buddhas, they are therefore potential Buddhas and are in and of the trikāya. Moreover, trikāya is not divided, for a Buddha in his 化身 is still one with his 法身 and 報身, all three bodies being co-existent. (3) 化身; 應身; 應化身 nirmāṇakāya, a Buddha's transformation, or miraculous body, in which he appears at will and in any form outside his heaven, e.g. as Śākyamuni among men.

九品

see styles
jiǔ pǐn
    jiu3 pin3
chiu p`in
    chiu pin
 kuhon
    くほん
(1) (abbreviation) {Buddh} (See 浄土・1) nine levels of Amitabha's Pure Land; (2) (くほん only) (See 九品浄土) Amitabha's Pure Land; (3) (くほん only) (See 九品蓮台) nine-tiered lotus leaf platform in Amitabha's Pure Land; (given name) Kuhon
Nine classes, or grades, i.e. 上上, 上中, 上下 upper superior, middle superior, lower superior, and so on with 中 and 下. They are applied in many ways, e.g. 上品上生 the highest type of incarnate being, to 下品下生, the lowest, with corresponding karma; see 九品淨土. Each grade may also be subdivided into nine, thus making a list of eighty-one grades, with similar further subdivision ad infinitum.

九地

see styles
jiǔ dì
    jiu3 di4
chiu ti
 kuji
    くじ
very low land; (surname) Kuji
The nine lands, i.e. the 欲界 realm of desire or sensuous realm the four 色界 realms of form or material forms; and the four 無色界 formless realms, or realms beyond form; v. 九有, 九有情居, 禪 and 定. The nine realms are:—(1) 欲界五趣地; the desire realm with its five gati, i.e. hells, hungry ghosts, animals, men, and devas. In the four form-realms are:— (2) 離生喜樂地 Paradise after earthly life, this is also the first dhyāna, or subject of meditation, 初禪. (3) 定生喜樂地 Paradise of cessation of rebirth, 二禪. (4) 離喜妙樂地 Land of wondrous joy after the previous joys, 三禪. (5) 捨念淸淨地 The Pure Land of abandonment of thought, or recollection (of past delights), 四禪. The four formless, or infinite realms, catur arūpa dhātu, are:—(6) 空無邊處地 ākāśānantyā-yatanam, the land of infinite space; also the first samādhi, 第一定. (7) 識無邊處地 vijñānānamtyāyatanam, the land of omniscience, or infinite perception, 二定. (8) 無所有處地 ākiñcanyāyatana, the land of nothingness, 三定. (9) 非想非非想處地 naivasaṁjñānā-saṁjñāyatana, the land (of knowledge) without thinking or not thinking, or where there is neither consciousness nor unconsciousness, i.e. above either; this is the 四定. Eitel says that in the last four, "Life lasts 20,000 great kalpas in the 1st, 40,000 in the 2nd, 60,000 in the 3rd, and 80,000 great kalpas in the 4th of these heavens."

五因

see styles
wǔ yīn
    wu3 yin1
wu yin
 goin
The five causes, v. 倶舍論 7. i. e. (1) 生因 producing cause; (2) 依因supporting cause; (3) 立因 upholding or establishing cause; (4) 持因 maintaining cause; (5) 養因 nourishing or strengthening cause. These all refer to the four elements, earth, water, fire, wind, for they are the causers or producers and maintainers of the infinite forms of nature. Another list from the Nirvana-Sutra 21 is (1) 生因 cause of rebirth, i. e. previous delusion; (2) 和合因 intermingling cause, i. e. good with good, bad with bad, neutral with neutral; (3) 住因 cause of abiding in the present condition, i. e. the self in its attachments; (4) 增長因 causes of development, e. g. food, clothing, etc.; (5) 遠因 remoter cause, the parental seed.

五海

see styles
wǔ hǎi
    wu3 hai3
wu hai
 goumi / gomi
    ごうみ
(surname) Goumi
The five 'seas' or infinities seen in a vision by Puxian, v. 舊華嚴經 3, viz., (1) all worlds, (2) all the living, (3) universal karma, (4) the roots of desire and pleasure of all the living, (5) all the Buddhas, past, present, and future.

五觀


五观

see styles
wǔ guān
    wu3 guan1
wu kuan
 gokan
The five meditations referred to in the Lotus Sutra 25: (1) 眞 on the true, idem 空觀, to meditate on the reality of the void or infinite, in order to be rid of illusion in views and thoughts; (2) 淸淨觀 on purity, to be rid of any remains of impurity connected with the temporal, idem 假觀; (3) 廣大智慧觀 on the wider and greater wisdom, idem 中觀, by study of the 'middle' way; (4) 悲觀 on pitifulness, or the pitiable condition of the living, and by the above three to meditate on their salvation; (5) 慈觀 on mercy and the extension of the first three meditations to the carrying of joy to all the living.

六瑞

see styles
liù ruì
    liu4 rui4
liu jui
 roku sui
The six auspicious indications attributed to the Buddha as a preliminary to his delivery of the Lotus Sutra, see 法華經, 序品: (1) his opening address on the infinite; (2) his samādhi; (3) the rain of flowers; (4) the earthquake; (5) the delight of the beholders; (6) the Buddha-ray.

分身

see styles
fēn shēn
    fen1 shen1
fen shen
 bunshin(p); funjin(ok)
    ぶんしん(P); ふんじん(ok)
(of one who has supernatural powers) to replicate oneself so as to appear in two or more places at the same time; a derivative version of sb (or something) (e.g. avatar, proxy, clone, sockpuppet); to spare some time for a separate task; to cut a corpse into pieces; to pull a body apart by the four limbs; parturition
(1) other self; alter ego; part of oneself (in someone or something else); representation of oneself; (2) {Buddh} incarnations of Buddha
Parturition: in Buddhism it means a Buddha's power to reproduce himself ad infinitum and anywhere.

十智

see styles
shí zhì
    shi2 zhi4
shih chih
 jū chi
The ten forms of understanding. I. Hīnayāna: (1) 世俗智 common understanding; (2) 法智 enlightened understanding, i.e. on the Four Truths in this life; (3) 類智 ditto, applied to the two upper realms 上二界; (4), (5), (6), (7) understanding re each of the Four Truths separately, both in the upper and lower realms, e.g. 苦智; (8) 他心智 understanding of the minds of others; (9) 盡智 the understanding that puts an end to all previous faith in or for self, i.e. 自信智; (10) 無生智 nirvāṇa wisdom; v. 倶舍論 26. II. Mahāyāna. A Tathāgatas ten powers of understanding or wisdom: (1) 三世智 perfect understanding of past, present, and future; (2) ditto of Buddha Law; (3) 法界無礙智 unimpeded understanding of the whole Buddha-realm; (4) 法界無邊智 unlimited, or infinite understanding of the whole Buddha-realm; (5) 充滿一切智 understanding of ubiquity; (6) 普照一切世間智 understanding of universal enlightenment; (7) 住持一切世界智 understanding of omnipotence, or universal control; (8) 知一切衆生智 understanding of omniscience re all living beings; (9) 知一切法智 understanding of omniscience re the laws of universal salvation; (10) 知無邊諸佛智 understanding of omniscience re all Buddha wisdom. v. 華嚴経 16. There are also his ten forms of understanding of the "Five Seas" 五海 of worlds, living beings, karma, passions, and Buddhas.

四住

see styles
sì zhù
    si4 zhu4
ssu chu
 shizumi
    しずみ
(surname) Shizumi
The four abodes or states in the 智度論 3, i. e. (1) 天住 the devalokas, equivalents of charity, morality, and goodness of heart; (2) 梵住 the brahmalokas, equivalents of benevolence, pity, joy, and indifference; (3) 聖住 the abode of śrāvakas, pratyekabuddhas, and bodhisattvas, equivalent of the samādhi of the immaterial realm, formless and still; (4) 佛住 the Buddha-abode, the equivalent of the samādhis of the infinite. v. 四住地.

四喩

see styles
sì yú
    si4 yu2
ssu yü
 shiyu
The four metaphors (of infinity, etc. ): 山斤 the weight of all the mountains in pounds; 海 the drops in the ocean; 地塵 the atoms of dust in the earth; 空 界 the extent of space.

四禪


四禅

see styles
sì chán
    si4 chan2
ssu ch`an
    ssu chan
 shizen
(四禪天) The four dhyāna heavens, 四靜慮 (四靜慮天), i. e. the division of the eighteen brahmalokas into four dhyānas: the disciple attains to one of these heavens according to the dhyāna he observes: (1) 初禪天 The first region, 'as large as one whole universe' comprises the three heavens, Brahma-pāriṣadya, Brahma-purohita, and Mahābrahma, 梵輔, 梵衆, and 大梵天; the inhabitants are without gustatory or olfactory organs, not needing food, but possess the other four of the six organs. (2) 二禪天 The second region, equal to 'a small chiliocosmos' 小千界, comprises the three heavens, according to Eitel, 'Parīttābha, Apramāṇābha, and Ābhāsvara, ' i. e. 少光 minor light, 無量光 infinite light, and 極光淨 utmost light purity; the inhabitants have ceased to require the five physical organs, possessing only the organ of mind. (3) 三禪天 The third region, equal to 'a middling chiliocosmos '中千界, comprises three heavens; Eitel gives them as Parīttaśubha, Apramāṇaśubha, and Śubhakṛtsna, i. e. 少淨 minor purity, 無量淨 infinite purity, and 徧淨 universal purity; the inhabitants still have the organ of mind and are receptive of great joy. (4) 四禪天 The fourth region, equal to a great chiliocosmos, 大千界, comprises the remaining nine brahmalokas, namely, Puṇyaprasava, Anabhraka, Bṛhatphala, Asañjñisattva, Avṛha, Atapa, Sudṛśa, Sudarśana, and Akaniṣṭha (Eitel). The Chinese titles are 福生 felicitous birth, 無雲 cloudless, 廣果 large fruitage, 無煩 no vexations, atapa is 無熱 no heat, sudṛśa is 善見 beautiful to see, sudarśana is 善現 beautiful appearing, two others are 色究竟 the end of form, and 無想天 the heaven above thought, but it is difficult to trace avṛha and akaniṣṭha; the inhabitants of this fourth region still have mind. The number of the dhyāna heavens differs; the Sarvāstivādins say 16, the 經 or Sutra school 17, and the Sthavirāḥ school 18. Eitel points out that the first dhyāna has one world with one moon, one mem, four continents, and six devalokas; the second dhyāna has 1, 000 times the worlds of the first; the third has 1, 000 times the worlds of the second; the fourth dhyāna has 1, 000 times those of the third. Within a kalpa of destruction 壞劫 the first is destroyed fifty-six times by fire, the second seven by water, the third once by wind, the fourth 'corresponding to a state of absolute indifference' remains 'untouched' by all the other evolutions; when 'fate (天命) comes to an end then the fourth dhyāna may come to an end too, but not sooner'.

四等

see styles
sì děng
    si4 deng3
ssu teng
 shitō
The four virtues which a Buddha out of his infinite heart manifests equally to all; also called 四無量 q. w. They are: 慈悲喜捨 maitrī, karuṇā, muditā, upekṣā, i. e. kindness, pity, joy and indifference, or 護 protection. Another group is 字語法身, i. e. 字 that all Buddhas have the same title or titles; 語 speak the same language; 法 proclaim the same truth; and 身 have each the threefold body, or trikāya. A third group is 諸法 all things are equally included in the bhūtatathatā; 發心 the mind-nature being universal, its field of action is universal; 道等 the way or method is also universal; therefore 慈悲 the mercy (of the Buddhas) is universal for all.

塵劫


尘劫

see styles
chén jié
    chen2 jie2
ch`en chieh
    chen chieh
 jingō
(塵點劫) A period of time as impossible of calculation as the atoms of a ground-up world, an attempt to define the infinite, v. Lotus Sūtra 7 and 16.

幾微


几微

see styles
jī wēi
    ji1 wei1
chi wei
tiny; infinitesimal

微小

see styles
wēi xiǎo
    wei1 xiao3
wei hsiao
 bishou / bisho
    びしょう
minute (i.e. extremely small); infinitesimal
(adj-na,adj-no,n) microscopic

微少

see styles
wéi shǎo
    wei2 shao3
wei shao
 bishou / bisho
    びしょう
(adj-na,adj-no,n) infinitesimal
slight

微擾


微扰

see styles
wēi rǎo
    wei1 rao3
wei jao
infinitesimal disturbance; perturbation (physics)

方廣


方广

see styles
fāng guǎng
    fang1 guang3
fang kuang
 hōkō
vaipulya, 毘佛略 expansion, enlargement, broad, spacious. 方 is intp. by 方正 correct in doctrine and 廣 by 廣博 broad or wide; some interpret it by elaboration, or fuller explanation of the doctrine; in general it may be taken as the broad school, or wider teaching, in contrast with the narrow school, or Hīnayāna. The term covers the whole of the specifically Mahāyāna sutras. The sutras are also known as 無量義經 scriptures of measureless meaning, i. e. universalistic, or the infinite. Cf. 方等.

有量

see styles
yǒu liáng
    you3 liang2
yu liang
 uryō
Limited, finite; opposite of 無量 measureless, boundless, infinite. 有相有量That which has form and measurement is called 麤 coarse, i. e. palpable, that which is without form and measurement 無相無量 is called 細 fine, i. e. impalpable.

極微


极微

see styles
jí wēi
    ji2 wei1
chi wei
 kyokubi; gokubi
    きょくび; ごくび
(adj-na,adj-no,n) microscopic; infinitesimal
An atom, especially as a mental concept, in contrast with 色聚之微, i.e. a material atom which has a center and the six directions, an actual but imperceptible atom; seven atoms make a 微塵 molecule, the smallest perceptible aggregation, called an aṇu 阿莬 or 阿拏; the perceptibility is ascribed to the deva-eye rather than to the human eye. There is much disputation as to whether the ultimate atom has real existence or not, whether it is eternal and immutable and so on.

法相

see styles
fǎ xiàng
    fa3 xiang4
fa hsiang
 hossou / hosso
    ほっそう
(1) {Buddh} (See 法性) dharmalaksana (dharma characteristics, the specific characteristics of all manifest phenomena); (2) (abbreviation) (See 法相宗) Hosso sect of Buddhism
The aspects of characteristics of things-all things are of monad nature but differ in form. A name of the 法相宗 Faxiang or Dharmalakṣaṇa sect (Jap. Hossō), called also 慈恩宗 Cien sect from the Tang temple, in which lived 窺基 Kuiji, known also as 慈恩. It "aims at discovering the ultimate entity of cosmic existence n contemplation, through investigation into the specific characteristics (the marks or criteria) of all existence, and through the realization of the fundamental nature of the soul in mystic illumination". "An inexhaustible number" of "seeds" are "stored up in the Ālaya-soul; they manifest themselves in innumerable varieties of existence, both physical and mental". "Though there are infinite varieties. . . they all participate in the prime nature of the ālaya." Anesaki. The Faxiang School is one of the "eight schools", and was established in China on the return of Xuanzang, consequent on his translation of the Yogācārya works. Its aim is to understand the principle underlying the 萬法性相 or nature and characteristics of all things. Its foundation works are the 解深密經, the 唯識論, and the 瑜伽論. It is one of the Mahāyāna realistic schools, opposed by the idealistic schools, e.g. the 三論 school; yet it was a "combination of realism and idealism, and its religion a profoundly mystic one". Anesaki.

無現

see styles
 mugen
    むげん
(1) (abbreviation) infinite; (2) incumbent member (or candidate) unaffiliated with a party

無辺

see styles
 muhen
    むへん
(noun or adjectival noun) infinite; boundless

無邊


无边

see styles
wú biān
    wu2 bian1
wu pien
 muhen
without boundary; not bordered
ananta; endless, boundless, limitless, infinite, e.g. like space.

界內


界内

see styles
jien ei
    jien4 ei4
jien ei
 kainai
Within the region, limited, within the confines of the 三界, i. e. the three regions of desire, form, and formlessness, and not reaching out to the infinite.

空心

see styles
kòng xīn
    kong4 xin1
k`ung hsin
    kung hsin
 kūshin
on an empty stomach
An empty mind, or heart; a mind meditating on the void, or infinite; a mind not entangled in cause and effect, i.e. detached from the phenomenal.

空處


空处

see styles
kōng chù
    kong1 chu4
k`ung ch`u
    kung chu
 sorajo
    そらじょ
(surname) Sorajo
空無邊處 Ākāśānantyāyatana; the abode of infinite space, the formless, or immaterial world 無色界 the first of the arūpaloka heavens, one of the four brahmalokas.

空行

see styles
kōng xíng
    kong1 xing2
k`ung hsing
    kung hsing
 kuugyou / kugyo
    くうぎょう
blank line
The discipline or practice of the immaterial, or infinite, thus overcoming the illusion that the ego and all phenomena are realities.

阿拏


阿拿

see styles
ān á
    an1 a2
an a
 ana
aṇu, 阿莬; 阿耨 Minute, infinitesimal, the smallest aggregation of matter, a molecule consisting of 七微 seven atoms.

不定式

see styles
bù dìng shì
    bu4 ding4 shi4
pu ting shih
infinitive (grammar)

不定法

see styles
bù dìng fǎ
    bu4 ding4 fa3
pu ting fa
 futeihou / futeho
    ふていほう
{gramm} infinitive mood
indeterminate mental factors

不定詞


不定词

see styles
bù dìng cí
    bu4 ding4 ci2
pu ting tz`u
    pu ting tzu
 futeishi / futeshi
    ふていし
infinitive
{gramm} infinitive

不尽数

see styles
 fujinsuu / fujinsu
    ふじんすう
(rare) {math} (See 尽数) non-terminating decimal; infinite decimal

五無量


五无量

see styles
wǔ wú liáng
    wu3 wu2 liang2
wu wu liang
 go muryō
The five infinites, or immeasurables — body, mind, wisdom, space, and all the living— as represented respectively by the five Dhyāni Buddhas, i. e. 寶生, 阿閦, 無量壽, 大日, and 不空.

八解脫


八解脱

see styles
bā jiě tuō
    ba1 jie3 tuo1
pa chieh t`o
    pa chieh to
 hachi gedatsu
aṣṭa-vimokṣa, mokṣa, vimukti, mukti. Liberation, deliverance, freedom, emancipation, escape, release―in eight forms; also 八背捨 and cf. 解脫 and 八勝處. The eight are stages of mental concentration: (1) 内有色想觀外色解脱 Liberation, when subjective desire arises, by examination of the object, or of all things and realization of their filthiness. (2) 内無色想觀外色解脫 Liberation, when no subjective desire arises, by still meditating as above. These two are deliverance by meditation on impurity, the next on purity. (3) 淨身作證具足住解脫 Liberation by concentration on the pure to the realization of a permanent state of freedom from all desire. The above three "correspond to the four Dhyānas". (Eitel.) (4) 空無邊處解脫 Liberation in realization of the infinity of space, or the immaterial. (5) 識無邊處解脫 Liberation in realization of infinite knowledge. (6) 無所有處解脫Liberation in realization of nothingness, or nowhereness. (7) 非想非非想處解脫 Liberation in the state of mind where there is neither thought nor absence of thought. These four arise out of abstract meditation in regard to desire and form, and are associated with the 四空天. (8) 滅受 想定解脫 Liberation by means of a state of mind in which there is final extinction, nirvāṇa, of both sensation, vedanā, and consciousness, saṁjñā.

半無限


半无限

see styles
bàn wú xiàn
    ban4 wu2 xian4
pan wu hsien
semi-infinite

塵点劫

see styles
 jindengou / jindengo
    じんでんごう
{Buddh} incomprehensibly long time; infinity

大方等

see styles
dà fāng děng
    da4 fang1 deng3
ta fang teng
 dai hōdō
Mahāvaipulya or vaipulya 大方廣; 毗佛畧. They are called 無量義經 sutras of infinite meaning, or of the infinite; first introduced into China by Dharmarakṣa (A.D.266―317). The name is common to Hīnayāna and Mahayana, but chiefly claimed by the latter for its special sutras as extending and universalizing the Buddha's earlier preliminary teaching. v. 大方廣 and 方等.

底なし

see styles
 sokonashi
    そこなし
(noun - becomes adjective with の) bottomless; endlessly deep; infinite

底無し

see styles
 sokonashi
    そこなし
(noun - becomes adjective with の) bottomless; endlessly deep; infinite

微積分


微积分

see styles
wēi jī fēn
    wei1 ji1 fen1
wei chi fen
 bisekibun
    びせきぶん
calculus (branch of mathematics)
{math} infinitesimal calculus; (differential and integral) calculus

有沒有


有没有

see styles
yǒu méi yǒu
    you3 mei2 you3
yu mei yu
(before a noun) Do (you, they etc) have ...?; Is there a ...?; (before a verb) Did (you, they etc) (verb, infinitive)?; Have (you, they etc) (verb, past participle)?

梵網經


梵网经

see styles
fàn wǎng jīng
    fan4 wang3 jing1
fan wang ching
 Bonmō kyō
Brahmajāla Sutra, tr. by Kumārajīva A.D. 406, the infinitude of worlds being as the eyes or holes in Indra's net, which is all-embracing, like the Buddha's teaching. There are many treatises on it.

極細小


极细小

see styles
jí xì xiǎo
    ji2 xi4 xiao3
chi hsi hsiao
extremely small; infinitesimal

正無窮

see styles
zhèng wú qióng
    zheng4 wu2 qiong2
cheng wu ch`iung
    cheng wu chiung
(math.) positive infinity

無窮大

see styles
wú qióng dà
    wu2 qiong2 da4
wu ch`iung ta
    wu chiung ta
(math.) infinity; infinite

無窮小


无穷小

see styles
wú qióng xiǎo
    wu2 qiong2 xiao3
wu ch`iung hsiao
    wu chiung hsiao
(math.) infinitesimal; infinitely small

無窮集


无穷集

see styles
wú qióng jí
    wu2 qiong2 ji2
wu ch`iung chi
    wu chiung chi
infinite set (math.)

無辺際

see styles
 muhensai; muhenzai
    むへんさい; むへんざい
(noun or adjectival noun) infinite; boundless

無量光


无量光

see styles
wú liáng guāng
    wu2 liang2 guang1
wu liang kuang
 muryō kō
apramāṇābha. Immeasurable, or infinite light or splendour.

無量壽


无量寿

see styles
wú liàng shòu
    wu2 liang4 shou4
wu liang shou
 muryō ju
boundless life (expression of good wishes); Amitayus, the Buddha of measureless life, good fortune and wisdom
Boundless, infinite life, a name for Amitābha, as in無量壽佛; 無量壽如來; 無量壽王.

無量尊


无量尊

see styles
wú liáng zūn
    wu2 liang2 zun1
wu liang tsun
 Muryō Son
The infinite honoured one, Amitābha.

無量慧


无量慧

see styles
wú liáng huì
    wu2 liang2 hui4
wu liang hui
 muryō e
Infinite wisdom, a term applied to a Buddha.

無量義


无量义

see styles
wú liáng yì
    wu2 liang2 yi4
wu liang i
 muryō gi
Infinite meaning, or the meaning of infinity; the meaning of the all, or all things.

無量覺


无量觉

see styles
wú liáng jué
    wu2 liang2 jue2
wu liang chüeh
 muryō kaku
Infinite enlightenment, name of Amitābha.

無限大

see styles
 mugendai
    むげんだい
(noun or adjectival noun) infinity

無限小


无限小

see styles
wú xiàn xiǎo
    wu2 xian4 xiao3
wu hsien hsiao
 mugenshou / mugensho
    むげんしょう
infinitesimal; infinitely small
(noun or adjectival noun) {math} infinitesimal

華藏界


华藏界

see styles
huā zàng jiè
    hua1 zang4 jie4
hua tsang chieh
 kezō kai
(華藏世界) The lotus-store, or lotus-world, the Pure Land of Vairocana, also the Pure Land of all Buddhas in their saṃbhogakāya, or enjoyment bodies. Above the wind or air circle is a sea of fragrant water, in which is the thousand-petal lotus with its infinite variety of worlds, hence the meaning is the Lotus which contains a store of myriads of worlds; cf. the Tang Huayan sūtra 8, 9, and 10; the 梵網經 ch. 1, etc.

負無窮

see styles
fù wú qióng
    fu4 wu2 qiong2
fu wu ch`iung
    fu wu chiung
(math.) negative infinity

阿彌陀


阿弥陀

see styles
ā mí tuó
    a1 mi2 tuo2
a mi t`o
    a mi to
 Amida
    あみだ
(out-dated kanji) (1) (Buddhist term) Amitabha (Buddha); Amida; (2) (kana only) (abbreviation) ghostleg lottery; ladder lottery; lottery in which participants trace a line across a lattice pattern to determine the winner; (3) (kana only) (abbreviation) wearing a hat pushed back on one's head
(阿彌) amita, boundless, infinite; tr. by 無量 immeasurable. The Buddha of infinite qualities, known as 阿彌陀婆 (or 阿彌陀佛) Amitābha, tr. 無量光 boundless light; 阿彌陀廋斯Amitāyus, tr. 無量壽 boundless age, or life; and among the esoteric sects Amṛta 甘露 (甘露王) sweet-dew (king). An imaginary being unknown to ancient Buddhism, possibly of Persian or Iranian origin, who has eclipsed the historical Buddha in becoming the most popular divinity in the Mahāyāna pantheon. His name indicates an idealization rather than an historic personality, the idea of eternal light and life. The origin and date of the concept are unknown, but he has always been associated with the west, where in his Paradise, Suikhāvatī, the Western Pure Land, he receives to unbounded happiness all who call upon his name (cf. the Pure Lands 淨土 of Maitreya and Akṣobhya). This is consequent on his forty-eight vows, especially the eighteenth, in which he vows to refuse Buddhahood until he has saved all living beings to his Paradise, except those who had committed the five unpardonable sins, or were guilty of blasphemy against the Faith. While his Paradise is theoretically only a stage on the way to rebirth in the final joys of nirvana, it is popularly considered as the final resting-place of those who cry na-mo a-mi-to-fo, or blessed be, or adoration to, Amita Buddha. The 淨土 Pure-land (Jap. Jōdo) sect is especially devoted to this cult, which arises chiefly out of the Sukhāvatīvyūha, but Amita is referred to in many other texts and recognized, with differing interpretations and emphasis, by the other sects. Eitel attributes the first preaching of the dogma to 'a priest from Tokhara' in A. D.147, and says that Faxian and Xuanzang make no mention of the cult. But the Chinese pilgrim 慧日Huiri says he found it prevalent in India 702-719. The first translation of the Amitāyus Sutra, circa A.D. 223-253, had disappeared when the Kaiyuan catalogue was compiled A.D. 730. The eighteenth vow occurs in the tr. by Dharmarakṣa A.D. 308. With Amita is closely associated Avalokiteśvara, who is also considered as his incarnation, and appears crowned with, or bearing the image of Amita. In the trinity of Amita, Avalokiteśvara appears on his left and Mahāsthāmaprāpta on his right. Another group, of five, includes Kṣitigarbha and Nāgārjuna, the latter counted as the second patriarch of the Pure Land sect. One who calls on the name of Amitābha is styled 阿彌陀聖 a saint of Amitābha. Amitābha is one of the Five 'dhyāni buddhas' 五佛, q.v. He has many titles, amongst which are the following twelve relating to him as Buddha of light, also his title of eternal life: 無量光佛Buddha of boundless light; 無邊光佛 Buddha of unlimited light; 無礙光佛 Buddha of irresistible light; 無對光佛 Buddha of incomparable light; 燄王光佛 Buddha of yama or flame-king light; 淸淨光佛 Buddha of pure light; 歡喜光佛 Buddha of joyous light; 智慧光佛 Buddha of wisdom light; 不斷光佛 Buddha of unending light; 難思光佛 Buddha of inconceivable light; 無稱光佛Buddha of indescribable light; 超日月光佛 Buddha of light surpassing that of sun and moon; 無量壽 Buddha of boundless age. As buddha he has, of course, all the attributes of a buddha, including the trikāya, or 法報化身, about which in re Amita there are differences of opinion in the various schools. His esoteric germ-letter is hrīḥ, and he has specific manual-signs. Cf. 阿彌陀經, of which with commentaries there are numerous editions.

限無し

see styles
 kirinashi
    きりなし
(irregular okurigana usage) (1) boundlessness; endlessness; infinity; (2) incessantness; continuousness

五重世界

see styles
wǔ zhòng shì jiè
    wu3 zhong4 shi4 jie4
wu chung shih chieh
 gojū sekai
The five graduated series of universes: (1) 三千大千世界 tri-sahasra-mahā-sahasra-loka-dhātu; a universe, or chiliocosm; (2) such chiliocosms, numerous as the sands of Ganges, form one Buddha-universe; (3) an aggregation of these forms a Buddha-universe ocean; (4) an aggregation of these latter forms a Buddha-realm seed; (5) an infinite aggregation of these seeds forms a great Buddha-universe, 智度論 50. Another division is (1) a world, or universe; (2) a Buddha-nature universe, with a different interpretation; and the remaining three areas above, the sea, the seed, and the whole Buddha-universe.

佛無礙慧


佛无碍慧

see styles
fó wú ài huì
    fo2 wu2 ai4 hui4
fo wu ai hui
 butsu muge e
Unhindered, infinite Buddha-wisdom.

八大在我

see styles
bā dà zài wǒ
    ba1 da4 zai4 wo3
pa ta tsai wo
 hachidai zaiga
The eight great powers of personality or sovereign independence, as one of the four qualities 常樂我淨 of nirvāṇa: powers of self-manifolding, infinite expansion, levitation and transportation, manifesting countless forms permanently in one and the same place, use of one physical organ in place of another, obtaining all things as if nothing, expounding a stanza through countless kalpas, ability to traverse the solid as space. v. 涅槃經 23.

六十二見


六十二见

see styles
liù shí èr jiàn
    liu4 shi2 er4 jian4
liu shih erh chien
 rokujūni ken
The sixty-two 見 or views, of which three groups are given: The 大品般若經 in the 佛母品 takes each of the five skandhas under four considerations of 常 time, considered as time past, whether each of the five has had permanence, impermanence, both, neither, 5 x 4 = 20; again as to their space, or extension, considered as present time, whether each is finite, infinite, both, neither =20; again as to their destination, i. e. future, as to whether each goes on, or does not, both, neither (e. g. continued personality) = 20, or in all 60; add the two ideas whether body and mind 神 are a unity or different = 62. The Tiantai School takes 我見, or personality, as its basis and considers each of the five skandhas under four aspects, e. g (1) rūpa, the organized body, as the ego; (2) the ego as apart from the rūpa; (3) rūpa as the greater, the ego the smaller or inferior, and the ego as dwelling in the rūpa; (4) the ego as the greater, rupa the inferior, and the rupa in the ego. Consider these twenty in the past, present, and future = 60, and add 斷 and 常 impermanence and permanence as fundamentals = 62. There is also a third group.

六度無極


六度无极

see styles
liù dù wú jí
    liu4 du4 wu2 ji2
liu tu wu chi
 rokudo mugoku
The six infinite means of crossing the sea of mortality, i. e. the six pāramitās 六度.

千変万化

see styles
 senpenbanka
    せんぺんばんか
(n,vs,vi,adj-no) (yoji) innumerable changes; infinite variety

千差万別

see styles
 sensabanbetsu; sensamanbetsu
    せんさばんべつ; せんさまんべつ
(adj-na,adj-no,n) (yoji) an infinite variety of; multifarious; being extremely varied and wide-ranging

千種万様

see styles
 senshubanyou / senshubanyo
    せんしゅばんよう
(n,adj-na,adj-no) an infinite variety; multifarious; being extremely varied and wide-ranging

山高海深

see styles
shān gāo hǎi shēn
    shan1 gao1 hai3 shen1
shan kao hai shen
high as the mountain and deep as the sea (idiom); fig. infinite bounty

広大無辺

see styles
 koudaimuhen / kodaimuhen
    こうだいむへん
(adj-na,adj-no,n) (yoji) boundless; infinite; vast

廅波摩那

see styles
hé bō mó nà
    he2 bo1 mo2 na4
ho po mo na
 ōhamana
(廅波) Apramāṇābha, the heaven of infinite light, the second region of the second dhyāna.

微積分学

see styles
 bisekibungaku
    びせきぶんがく
{math} (See 微積分・びせきぶん) infinitesimal calculus; (differential and integral) calculus

悲無量心


悲无量心

see styles
bēi wú liàng xīn
    bei1 wu2 liang4 xin1
pei wu liang hsin
 hi muryōshin
Infinite pity for all.

應化法身


应化法身

see styles
yìng huà fǎ shēn
    ying4 hua4 fa3 shen1
ying hua fa shen
 ōge hō shin
Responsive manifestation of the dharmakāya, or Absolute Buddha, in infinite forms.

普濟眾生


普济众生

see styles
pǔ jì zhòng shēng
    pu3 ji4 zhong4 sheng1
p`u chi chung sheng
    pu chi chung sheng
universal mercy and succor (idiom); the Buddha's infinite power and mercy

本門本尊


本门本尊

see styles
běn mén běn zūn
    ben3 men2 ben3 zun1
pen men pen tsun
 honmon honzon
The especial honoured one of the Nichiren sect, Svādi-devatā, the Supreme Being, whose maṇḍala is considered as the symbol of the Buddha as infinite, eternal, universal. The Nichiren sect has a meditation 本門事觀 on the universality of the Buddha and the unity in the diversity of all his phenomena, the whole truth being embodied in the Lotus Sutra, and in its title of five words, 妙法蓮華經 Wonderful-Law Lotus-Flower Sutra, which are considered to be the embodiment of the eternal, universal Buddha. Their repetition preceded by 南無 Namah ! is equivalent to the 歸命 of other Buddhists.

無始無邊


无始无边

see styles
wú shǐ wú biān
    wu2 shi3 wu2 bian1
wu shih wu pien
 mushi muhen
The Buddha-truth is without beginning and infinite.

無窮序列


无穷序列

see styles
wú qióng xù liè
    wu2 qiong2 xu4 lie4
wu ch`iung hsü lieh
    wu chiung hsü lieh
infinite sequence

無窮無盡


无穷无尽

see styles
wú qióng wú jìn
    wu2 qiong2 wu2 jin4
wu ch`iung wu chin
    wu chiung wu chin
(idiom) endless; boundless; infinite

無窮遠點


无穷远点

see styles
wú qióng yuǎn diǎn
    wu2 qiong2 yuan3 dian3
wu ch`iung yüan tien
    wu chiung yüan tien
point at infinity (math.); infinitely distant point

無邊世界


无边世界

see styles
wú biān shì jiè
    wu2 bian1 shi4 jie4
wu pien shih chieh
 muhen sekai
The infinite world, i.e. space; also infinite worlds; the numberless worlds in infinite space.

無邊法界


无边法界

see styles
wú biān fǎ jiè
    wu2 bian1 fa3 jie4
wu pien fa chieh
 muhen hokkai
The infinite world of things; the realm of things infinite in number; the infinite universe behind all phenomena.

無量光仏

see styles
 muryoukoubutsu / muryokobutsu
    むりょうこうぶつ
the buddha of infinite light (Amithaba)

無限小数

see styles
 mugenshousuu / mugenshosu
    むげんしょうすう
{math} (See 有限小数) infinite decimal; nonterminating decimal

無限小數


无限小数

see styles
wú xiàn xiǎo shù
    wu2 xian4 xiao3 shu4
wu hsien hsiao shu
infinitesimal; infinite decimal expansion

無限後退

see styles
 mugenkoutai / mugenkotai
    むげんこうたい
infinite regress

Entries with 2nd row of characters: The 2nd row is Simplified Chinese.

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This page contains 100 results for "Infinit" in Chinese and/or Japanese.



Information about this dictionary:

Apparently, we were the first ones who were crazy enough to think that western people might want a combined Chinese, Japanese, and Buddhist dictionary.

A lot of westerners can't tell the difference between Chinese and Japanese - and there is a reason for that. Chinese characters and even whole words were borrowed by Japan from the Chinese language in the 5th century. Much of the time, if a word or character is used in both languages, it will have the same or a similar meaning. However, this is not always true. Language evolves, and meanings independently change in each language.

Example: The Chinese character 湯 for soup (hot water) has come to mean bath (hot water) in Japanese. They have the same root meaning of "hot water", but a 湯屋 sign on a bathhouse in Japan would lead a Chinese person to think it was a "soup house" or a place to get a bowl of soup. See this: Japanese Bath House

This dictionary uses the EDICT and CC-CEDICT dictionary files.
EDICT data is the property of the Electronic Dictionary Research and Development Group, and is used in conformance with the Group's license.

Chinese Buddhist terms come from Dictionary of Chinese Buddhist Terms by William Edward Soothill and Lewis Hodous. This is commonly referred to as "Soothill's'". It was first published in 1937 (and is now off copyright so we can use it here). Some of these definitions may be misleading, incomplete, or dated, but 95% of it is good information. Every professor who teaches Buddhism or Eastern Religion has a copy of this on their bookshelf. We incorporated these 16,850 entries into our dictionary database ourselves (it was lot of work).



Combined, these cover 1,007,753 Japanese, Chinese, and Buddhist characters, words, idioms, names, placenames, and short phrases.

Just because a word appears here does not mean it is appropriate for a tattoo, your business name, etc. Please consult a professional before doing anything stupid with this data.

We do offer Chinese and Japanese Tattoo Services. We'll also be happy to help you translate something for other purposes.

No warranty as to the correctness, potential vulgarity, or clarity is expressed or implied. We did not write any of these definitions (though we occasionally act as a contributor/editor to the CC-CEDICT project). You are using this dictionary for free, and you get what you pay for.

The following titles are just to help people who are searching for an Asian dictionary to find this page.

Japanese Kanji Dictionary

Free Asian Dictionary

Chinese Kanji Dictionary

Chinese Words Dictionary

Chinese Language Dictionary

Japanese Chinese Dictionary