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<12345678910...>| Characters | Pronunciation Romanization |
Simple Dictionary Definition |
下役 see styles |
shitayaku したやく |
underling; subordinate official |
下架 see styles |
xià jià xia4 jia4 hsia chia |
to take down from the shelves (e.g. a contaminated product) |
下款 see styles |
xià kuǎn xia4 kuan3 hsia k`uan hsia kuan |
signature on letter; name of donor |
下級 下级 see styles |
xià jí xia4 ji2 hsia chi kakyuu / kakyu かきゅう |
low ranking; low level; underclass; subordinate (noun - becomes adjective with の) lower grade; low class; junior (officer) |
下肢 see styles |
xià zhī xia4 zhi1 hsia chih kashi かし |
lower limbs {anat} lower limbs; legs |
下轉 下转 see styles |
xià zhuǎn xia4 zhuan3 hsia chuan geten |
The downward turn, in transmigration. Primal ignorance or unenlightenment 無明acting against the primal, true, or Buddha-nature causes transmigration. The opposite is上轉 when the good prevails over the evil. 下轉is sometimes used for 下化 to save those below. |
下達 下达 see styles |
xià dá xia4 da2 hsia ta shimotate しもたて |
to transmit to lower levels; to issue (a command, decree etc) (noun, transitive verb) (ant: 上達・2) commanding a subordinate; (place-name) Shimotate |
下部 see styles |
shimobe しもべ |
(1) lower part; substructure; (2) subordinate (office); good and faithful servant; (place-name, surname) Shimobe |
下風 下风 see styles |
xià fēng xia4 feng1 hsia feng shimokaze しもかぜ |
leeward; downwind; disadvantageous position; to concede or give way in an argument subordinate position; lower position; (surname) Shimokaze |
不二 see styles |
bù èr bu4 er4 pu erh fuji ふじ |
the only (choice, way etc); undivided (loyalty) {Buddh} advaitam (non-duality); (surname, female given name) Fuji advaya. No second, non-duality, the one and undivided, the unity of all things, the one reality、 the universal Buddha-nature. There are numerous combinations, e. g. 善惡不二 good and evil are not a dualism: nor are 有 and 空 the material and immaterial, nor are 迷 and 悟 delusion and awareness— all these are of the one Buddha-nature. |
不來 不来 see styles |
bù lái bu4 lai2 pu lai furai |
Not coming (back to mortality), an explanation of 阿那含 anāgāmin. |
不参 see styles |
fusan ふさん |
(n,vs,vi) absence; nonattendance; nonappearance |
不定 see styles |
bù dìng bu4 ding4 pu ting fujou(p); futei / fujo(p); fute ふじょう(P); ふてい |
indefinite; indeterminate; (botany) adventitious (adj-na,adj-no,n) uncertainty; insecurity; inconstancy; indefinite; undecided Unfixed, unsettled, undetermined, uncertain. |
不巧 see styles |
bù qiǎo bu4 qiao3 pu ch`iao pu chiao |
too bad; unfortunately; as luck would have it |
不幸 see styles |
bù xìng bu4 xing4 pu hsing fukou / fuko ふこう |
misfortune; adversity; unfortunate; sad; unfortunately; CL:個|个[ge4] (noun or adjectival noun) (1) unhappiness; sorrow; misfortune; disaster; accident; (2) death (usu. of a relative); bereavement |
不慎 see styles |
bù shèn bu4 shen4 pu shen |
incautious; inattentive |
不振 see styles |
bù zhèn bu4 zhen4 pu chen fushin ふしん |
lacking in vitality; depressed (market, spirits etc) (n,adj-no,adj-na) dullness; slump; stagnation; inactivity; depression |
不第 see styles |
bù dì bu4 di4 pu ti |
to fail the civil service examination (in imperial China) |
不肖 see styles |
bù xiào bu4 xiao4 pu hsiao fushou / fusho ふしょう |
(literary) unlike one's parents; degenerate; unworthy (adj-no,adj-na,n) (1) unworthy (of one's father, teacher, etc.); (pronoun) (2) (humble language) I; me; (adj-no,adj-na,n) (3) (form) (used self-referentially) incompetent; unskilled; inexperienced; foolish; (noun or adjectival noun) (4) (archaism) unfortunate; unlucky; (given name) Fushou does not reject |
不輕 不轻 see styles |
bù qīng bu4 qing1 pu ch`ing pu ching fukyō |
Never Despise, 常不輕菩薩 a previous incarnation of the Buddha, as a monk whose constant greeting to all he met, that they were destined for Buddhahood, brought him much persecution; see the chapter of this title in the Lotus Sutra. |
不退 see styles |
bù tuì bu4 tui4 pu t`ui pu tui futai ふたい |
determination; (surname) Futai (不退轉) avaivartika, or avinivartanīya. Never receding, always progressing, not backsliding, or losing ground; never retreating but going straight to nirvana; an epithet of every Buddha. |
不逞 see styles |
futei / fute ふてい |
(noun or adjectival noun) insubordination; outlawry |
与国 see styles |
yokuni よくに |
(form) allied nation; ally; (surname) Yokuni |
世伯 see styles |
shì bó shi4 bo2 shih po |
uncle (affectionate name for a friend older than one's father); old friend |
世尊 see styles |
shì zūn shi4 zun1 shih tsun seson せそん |
World Honored One; Revered One of the World (Buddha) World-Honored One (honorific name for Gautama Buddha) lokajyeṣṭha, world's most Venerable, or lokanātha, lord of worlds. 盧迦委斯諦; 路迦那他 World-honoured, an epithet of every Buddha. Also a tr. of Bhagavat, v. 婆. |
世情 see styles |
shì qíng shi4 qing2 shih ch`ing shih ching sejou / sejo せじょう |
worldly affairs; the ways of the world the ways of the world; human nature |
両便 see styles |
ryouben / ryoben りょうべん |
urination and bowel movement |
中天 see styles |
zhōng tiān zhong1 tian1 chung t`ien chung tien chuuten / chuten ちゅうてん |
culmination (astronomy) mid-air; mid-heaven; zenith (中天竺) Central North India, idem 中國. |
中式 see styles |
zhòng shì zhong4 shi4 chung shih |
to pass the imperial examinations |
中手 see styles |
nakante なかんて |
(1) mid-season crops; mid-season rice; mid-season vegetables; (2) (anat) metacarpus; (place-name) Nakante |
中押 see styles |
nakaoshi なかおし chuuoshi / chuoshi ちゅうおし |
(irregular okurigana usage) winning by opponent's resignation (in the game of go) |
中方 see styles |
zhōng fāng zhong1 fang1 chung fang nakahou / nakaho なかほう |
the Chinese side (in an international venture) (place-name) Nakahou |
中有 see styles |
zhōng yǒu zhong1 you3 chung yu chuuu / chuu ちゅうう |
{Buddh} (See 中陰,四有) bardo; state (or period) of intermediate existence between one's death and rebirth (in Japan, 49 days) One of the 四有, i. e. the antarā-bhāva or intermediate state of existence between death and reincarnation; hence 中有之旅 is an unsettled being in search of a new habitat or reincarnation; v. 中陰. |
中流 see styles |
zhōng liú zhong1 liu2 chung liu chuuru / churu ちゅうる |
midstream (hist) (See 三流・さんる) banishment (to a somewhat distant province); middle-degree punishment of the three banishment punishments under the ritsuryō system In the midst of the stream, i. e. of 生死 mortality, or reincarnations. |
中港 see styles |
zhōng gǎng zhong1 gang3 chung kang nakaminato なかみなと |
PRC and Hong Kong (place-name, surname) Nakaminato |
中湊 see styles |
nakaminato なかみなと |
(place-name, surname) Nakaminato |
中灘 see styles |
nakanata なかなた |
(surname) Nakanata |
中皮 see styles |
chuuhi / chuhi ちゅうひ |
(noun - becomes adjective with の) {anat} mesothelium; mesothelial |
中脳 see styles |
chuunou / chuno ちゅうのう |
{anat} midbrain; mesencephalon |
中舉 中举 see styles |
zhòng jǔ zhong4 ju3 chung chü |
to pass the provincial level imperial examination |
中葉 中叶 see styles |
zhōng yè zhong1 ye4 chung yeh nakaba なかば |
mid- (e.g. mid-century); middle period (n,adv) (1) about the middle (of an era); (2) {anat} middle lobe (right lung); median lobe (prostate); (surname) Nakaba |
中陰 中阴 see styles |
zhōng yīn zhong1 yin1 chung yin nakakage なかかげ |
{Buddh} bardo; state (or period) of intermediate existence between one's death and rebirth (in Japan, 49 days); (place-name) Nakakage The intermediate existence between death and reincarnation, a stage varying from seven to forty-nine days, when the karma-body will certainly be reborn; v. 中有. |
中隔 see styles |
zhōng gé zhong1 ge2 chung ko chuukaku / chukaku ちゅうかく |
septum (anatomy) {anat} septum |
主客 see styles |
zhǔ kè zhu3 ke4 chu k`o chu ko shukaku; shukyaku しゅかく; しゅきゃく |
(1) host and guest; (2) the principal and the auxiliary; the principal and the subsidiary; the primary and the subordinate; (3) {phil} subject and object; (4) {gramm} subject and object host and guest |
主宰 see styles |
zhǔ zǎi zhu3 zai3 chu tsai shusai しゅさい |
to dominate; to rule; to dictate; master (noun, transitive verb) (1) chairmanship; presidency; management; (2) (See 主宰者) president; chairman Lord, master; to dominate, control; the lord within, the soul; the lord of the universe, God. |
主導 主导 see styles |
zhǔ dǎo zhu3 dao3 chu tao shudou / shudo しゅどう |
leading; dominant; prevailing; to lead; to direct; to dominate (noun, transitive verb) leadership; initiative; spearhead |
主格 see styles |
zhǔ gé zhu3 ge2 chu ko shukaku しゅかく |
nominative case (grammar) {gramm} nominative case |
乃宇 see styles |
nataka なたか |
(personal name) Nataka |
乃都 see styles |
natsu なつ |
(personal name) Natsu |
久湊 see styles |
hisaminato ひさみなと |
(surname) Hisaminato |
乖離 乖离 see styles |
guāi lí guai1 li2 kuai li kairi かいり |
(noun/participle) divergence; alienation; deviation; estrangement; separation; detachment to diverge |
九一 see styles |
kuichi くいち |
{cards} (See おいちょかぶ) scoring combination of a 9 and a 1 in oicho-kabu; (given name) Kuichi |
九博 see styles |
kyuuhaku / kyuhaku きゅうはく |
(org) Kyushu National Museum (abbreviation); (o) Kyushu National Museum (abbreviation) |
九品 see styles |
jiǔ pǐn jiu3 pin3 chiu p`in chiu pin kuhon くほん |
(1) (abbreviation) {Buddh} (See 浄土・1) nine levels of Amitabha's Pure Land; (2) (くほん only) (See 九品浄土) Amitabha's Pure Land; (3) (くほん only) (See 九品蓮台) nine-tiered lotus leaf platform in Amitabha's Pure Land; (given name) Kuhon Nine classes, or grades, i.e. 上上, 上中, 上下 upper superior, middle superior, lower superior, and so on with 中 and 下. They are applied in many ways, e.g. 上品上生 the highest type of incarnate being, to 下品下生, the lowest, with corresponding karma; see 九品淨土. Each grade may also be subdivided into nine, thus making a list of eighty-one grades, with similar further subdivision ad infinitum. |
九曜 see styles |
jiǔ yào jiu3 yao4 chiu yao kuyou / kuyo くよう |
(1) (myth) Navagraha (divine personifications of the nine celestial bodies in Hindu mythology); nine luminaries; (2) (abbreviation) (See 九曜星,陰陽道) (in Onmyōdō) divination of a person's fate based on the nine celestial bodies's positions at birth; (surname) Kuyou 九執 q.v. Navagraha. The nine luminaries: 日 Āditya, the sun; 月 Sōma, the moon; the five planets, i.e. 火星 Aṅgāraka, Mars; 水 Budha, Mercury; 木 Bṛhaspati, Jupiter; 金 Sukra, Venus; and 土 Śanaiścara, Saturn; also 羅睺 Rāhu, the spirit that causes eclipses; and 計都 Ketu, a comet. Each is associated with a region of the sky and also with a bodhisattva, etc., e.g. the sun with Guanyin, Venus with Amitābha, etc. |
也罷 也罢 see styles |
yě bà ye3 ba4 yeh pa |
(reduplicated) whether... or...; never mind; fine (indicating acceptance or resignation) |
乱射 see styles |
ransha らんしゃ |
(noun, transitive verb) indiscriminate shooting; random shooting; firing blindly |
乱読 see styles |
randoku らんどく |
(noun/participle) indiscriminate reading; reading unsystematically; desultory reading |
乳管 see styles |
nyuukan / nyukan にゅうかん |
(1) {anat} milk duct; galactophore; (2) {bot} latex duct; laticifer |
乳頭 乳头 see styles |
rǔ tóu ru3 tou2 ju t`ou ju tou nyuutou / nyuto にゅうとう |
nipple {anat} (mammary) nipple; teat |
亀卜 see styles |
kiboku きぼく kameura かめうら |
tortoise-shell divination |
亂吃 乱吃 see styles |
luàn chī luan4 chi1 luan ch`ih luan chih |
to eat indiscriminately |
亂抓 乱抓 see styles |
luàn zhuā luan4 zhua1 luan chua |
to claw wildly; to scratch frantically; to arrest people indiscriminately |
了い see styles |
jimai じまい shimai しまい |
(suffix) (1) (kana only) ending; quitting; closing; (2) (kana only) indicates disappointment for not having done what one wanted or intended to do; end; close; finish; termination |
了簡 see styles |
ryouken / ryoken りょうけん |
(noun/participle) (1) idea; thought; intention; design; inclination; decision; motive; (2) discretion; (3) forgiveness; toleration |
了見 see styles |
ryouken / ryoken りょうけん |
(noun/participle) (1) idea; thought; intention; design; inclination; decision; motive; (2) discretion; (3) forgiveness; toleration |
予審 see styles |
yoshin よしん |
preliminary examination; pretrial hearing |
予研 see styles |
yoken よけん |
(abbreviation) National Institute of Health |
予見 see styles |
yoken よけん |
(noun, transitive verb) foresight; foreknowledge; divination |
予診 see styles |
yoshin よしん |
medical history interview before a medical examination; medical preexamination |
事力 see styles |
jiriki; jiryoku じりき; じりょく |
(hist) manpower supplied by designated adult men to government officials, or tax in lieu (ritsuryō system) |
事工 see styles |
shì gōng shi4 gong1 shih kung |
(Christianity) ministry (work of a spiritual or charitable nature) |
二便 see styles |
èr biàn er4 bian4 erh pien |
urination and defecation |
二光 see styles |
èr guāng er4 guang1 erh kuang nikō |
The dual lights, i.e. 色光 the halo from a Buddha's body and 心光 the light from his mind. Also 常光 the constant halo from the bodies of Buddhas and 神通光 the supernatural light sent out by a Buddha (e.g. from between his eyebrows) to illuminate a distant world. |
二力 see styles |
èr lì er4 li4 erh li nika にか |
(female given name) Nika Dual powers; there are three definitions: (1) 自力 one's own strength, or endeavours, i.e. salvation by cultivating 戒, 定, and 慧; 他カ another's strength, e.g. the saving power of Amitābha. (2) 思擇力 Power of thought in choosing (right principles); 修習力 power of practice and performance. (3) 有力 and 無力 positive and negative forces: dominant and subordinate; active and inert energy. |
二因 see styles |
èr yīn er4 yin1 erh yin niin / nin にいん |
{Buddh} two causes Two causes, of which there are various definitions: (1) 生因 The producing cause (of all good things); and 了因 the revealing or illuminating cause i.e. knowledge, or wisdom. (2) 能生因 The 8th 識 q. v.: the cause that is able to produce all sense and perceptions, also all good and evil; and 方便因 the environmental or adaptive cause, which aids the 8th 識, as water or earth does the seed, etc. (3) 習因 or 同類因 Practice or habit as cause e. g. desire causing desire; and 報因 or 果熟因 the rewarding cause, or fruit-ripening cause, e. g. pleasure or pain caused by good or evil deeds. (4) 正因 Correct or direct cause i.e. the Buddha-nature of all beings; and 緣因 the contributory cause, or enlightenment (see 了因 above) which evolves the 正因 or Buddha-nature by good works. (5) 近因 Immediate or direct cause and 遠因 distant or indirect cause or causes. |
二土 see styles |
èr tǔ er4 tu3 erh t`u erh tu nido |
There are three groups: 性土 and 相土 : the former is the ubiquitous, unadulterated or innocent 法性之理 dharma-name, or essence of things; the latter is the form-nature, or formal existence of the dharma, pure or impure according to the mind and action of the living. The 淨土 and 穢土 are Pure-land or Paradise; and impure land, e.g. the present world. In the Pure-land there are also 報土 , the land in which a Buddha himself dwells and 化土 in which all beings are transformed. There are other definitions, e. g. the former is Buddha's Paradise, the latter the world in which he dwells and which he is transforming, e. g. this Sahā-world. |
二如 see styles |
èr rú er4 ru2 erh ju ninyo |
There are various definitions of the two aspects of the 眞如 bhūtatathatā. (1) (a) 不變眞如 The changeless essence or substance, e.g. the sea; (b) 隨緣眞如 its conditioned or ever-changing forms, as in the phenomenal world, e.g. the waves. (2) (a) 離言眞如 The inexpressible absolute, only mentally conceivable; (6) 依言眞如 aspects of it expressible in words, its ideal reflex. (3) (a) 空眞如 The absolute as the void, e.g. as space, the sky, a clear mirror; (b) 不空眞如 the absolute in manifestation, or phenomenal, e. g. images in the mirror: the womb of the universe in which are all potentialities. (4) (a) 在纏眞如The Buddha-nature in bonds, i.e. all beings in suffering; (b) 出纏真如the Buddha-nature set free by the manifestation of the Buddha and bodhisattvas. (5) (a) 有垢眞如The Buddha-nature defiled, as in unenlightened man, etc., e.g. the water-lily with its roots in the mud; (b) 無垢眞如 the pure Buddha-nature, purifed or bright as the full moon. (6) 安立 and 非安立眞如 similar to the first definition given above. |
二心 see styles |
èr xīn er4 xin1 erh hsin nishin ふたごころ |
disloyalty; half-heartedness; duplicity duplicity; treachery; double-dealing The two minds, 眞心 the original, simple, pure, natural mind of all creatures, the Buddha-mind, i.e. 如來藏心; and 妄心 the illusion-mind, which results in complexity and confusion. Also, 定心 the meditative mind, or mind fixed on goodness; and the 散心 the scattered, inattentive mind, or mind that is only good at intervals. |
二忍 see styles |
èr rěn er4 ren3 erh jen ninin |
The two patiences or endurances: 衆生忍 patience towards all under all circumstances; 無生(法)忍 calm rest, as a bodhisattva、in the assurance of no (re-) birth, i.e. in immortality. Also 安受苦忍 patience under suffering, and 觀察法忍 imperturbable examination of or meditation in the law or of all things. Also, physical and mental patience, or endurance. |
二我 see styles |
èr wǒ er4 wo3 erh wo niga |
(二我見) The two erroneous views of individualism: (a) 人我見 The erroneous view that there is an independent human personality or soul, and (b) 法我見 the like view that anything exists with an independent nature. |
二根 see styles |
èr gēn er4 gen1 erh ken nikon |
The two "roots" or natural powers. (1) (a) 利根 keen, able (in the religion); (b) 鈍根 dull. (2) (a) 正根; 勝義根The power or ability which uses the sense organs to discern the truth; (b) 扶根; 扶 (or浮) 塵根the sense organs 五根 as aids. (3) The male and female sexual organs. |
二檀 see styles |
èr tán er4 tan2 erh t`an erh tan nidan |
The two dāna 檀那, i. e, kinds of donating, or almsgiving: (a) 世間檀 ordinary alms, and (b) 出世間檀 spiritual, or other-worldly gifts. |
二流 see styles |
èr liú er4 liu2 erh liu niryuu / niryu にりゅう |
second-rate; second-tier (noun - becomes adjective with の) second-rate; inferior The two ways in the current of transmigration: 順流 to flow with it in continual re-incarnation; 逆流 resist it and seek a way of escape by getting rid of life's delusions, as in the case of the saints. |
二甲 see styles |
èr jiǎ er4 jia3 erh chia |
2nd rank of candidates who passed the imperial examination (i.e. 4th place and up) |
二空 see styles |
èr kōng er4 kong1 erh k`ung erh kung nikū |
The two voids, unrealities, or immaterialities; v. 空. There are several antitheses: (1) (a) 人空; 我空 The non-reality of the atman, the soul, the person; (6) 法空 the non-reality of things. (2) (a) 性空 The Tiantai division that nothing has a nature of its own; (b) 相空 therefore its form is unreal, i.e. forms are temporary names. (3) (a) 但空 Tiantai says the 藏 and 通 know only the 空; (b) 不但空 the 別 and 圓 have 空, 假, and 中 q.v. (4) (a) 如實空 The division of the 起信論 that the 眞如 is devoid of all impurity; (b) 如實不空 and full of all merit, or achievement. |
二覺 二觉 see styles |
èr jué er4 jue2 erh chüeh nikaku |
The two enlightenments: (1) The 起信論 has two—(a) 本覺 the immanent mind in all things, e.g. "which lighteth every man that cometh into the world", also defined as the 法身 dharmakāya; (b) 始覺 initial enlightenment or beginning of illumination; this initiation leads on to Buddhahood, or full enlightenment. (2) (a) 等覺 The fifty-first stage of a bodhisattva's 行 位 practice; (b) 妙覺 the fifty-second stage, or enlightenment of Buddhahood.(3) (a)自覺 A Buddha's own or natural enlightenment; (b) 覺他 his enlightening of all others. |
二觀 二观 see styles |
èr guān er4 guan1 erh kuan nikan |
The two universal bases of meditation: 事觀 the external forms, or the phenomenal, and 理觀 the real or underlying nature, i. e. practice and theory. |
互生 see styles |
hù shēng hu4 sheng1 hu sheng gosei / gose ごせい |
alternate leaf arrangement (botany) (n,vs,vi) {bot} alternation (in phyllotaxis); alternate arrangement |
五位 see styles |
wǔ wèi wu3 wei4 wu wei goi ごい |
(1) fifth court rank; (2) (abbreviation) (See 五位鷺) black-crowned night heron (Nycticorax nycticorax); night heron; (3) {Buddh} five ranks; five stages; (place-name, surname) Goi The five categories, or divisions; there are several groups, e. g. (1) Hīnayāna and Mahāyāna have groupings of all phenomena under five heads, i. e. Hīnayāna has 75 法 which are 11 色法, 1 心法, 46 心所法, 14 不相離法, and 3 無爲法; Mahāyāna has 100 法 which are 8 心, 51 心所, 11 色, 24 不相因, and 6 無爲法. (2) The five divisions of 唯識 are 資糧位, 加行位, 通達位, 修習位, and 究竟 or 佛位. (3) The five evolutions in the womb are: kalalaṃ, embryo-initiation; arbudaṃ, after 27 days; peśī, 37; ghana, 47; praśākha, 57 days when form and organs are all complete. (4) Certain combinations of the 八卦 Eight Diagrams are sometimes styled 五位君臣 five positions of prince and minister. |
五力 see styles |
wǔ lì wu3 li4 wu li goriki |
pañcabalāni, the five powers or faculties — one of the categories of the thirty-seven bodhipakṣika dharma 三十七助道品; they destroy the 五障 five obstacles, each by each, and are: 信力 śraddhābala, faith (destroying doubt); 精進力 vīryabala, zeal (destroying remissness); 念 or 勤念 smṛtibala, memory or thought (destroying falsity); 正定力 samādhibala, concentration of mind, or meditation (destroying confused or wandering thoughts); and 慧力 prajñābala, wisdom (destroying all illusion and delusion). Also the five transcendent powers, i. e. 定力 the power of meditation; 通力 the resulting supernatural powers; 借識力 adaptability, or powers of 'borrowing' or evolving any required organ of sense, or knowledge, i. e. by beings above the second dhyāna heavens; 大願力 the power of accomplishing a vow by a Buddha or bodhisattva; and 法威德力 the august power of Dharma. Also, the five kinds of Mara powers exerted on sight, 五大明王. |
五四 see styles |
wǔ sì wu3 si4 wu ssu |
fourth of May, cf 五四運動|五四运动, national renewal movement that started with 4th May 1919 protest against the Treaty of Versailles |
五因 see styles |
wǔ yīn wu3 yin1 wu yin goin |
The five causes, v. 倶舍論 7. i. e. (1) 生因 producing cause; (2) 依因supporting cause; (3) 立因 upholding or establishing cause; (4) 持因 maintaining cause; (5) 養因 nourishing or strengthening cause. These all refer to the four elements, earth, water, fire, wind, for they are the causers or producers and maintainers of the infinite forms of nature. Another list from the Nirvana-Sutra 21 is (1) 生因 cause of rebirth, i. e. previous delusion; (2) 和合因 intermingling cause, i. e. good with good, bad with bad, neutral with neutral; (3) 住因 cause of abiding in the present condition, i. e. the self in its attachments; (4) 增長因 causes of development, e. g. food, clothing, etc.; (5) 遠因 remoter cause, the parental seed. |
五塵 五尘 see styles |
wǔ chén wu3 chen2 wu ch`en wu chen gojin |
The objects of the five senses, which being dusty or earthly things can taint the true nature; idem 五境. |
五常 see styles |
wǔ cháng wu3 chang2 wu ch`ang wu chang gojou / gojo ごじょう |
the five cardinal virtues in traditional Chinese ethics: benevolence 仁[ren2], justice 義|义[yi4], propriety 禮|礼[li3], wisdom 智[zhi4] and honor 信[xin4]; alternative term for 五倫|五伦[wu3 lun2], the five cardinal relationships; alternative term for 五行[wu3 xing2], the five elements the five cardinal Confucian virtues (justice, politeness, wisdom, fidelity and benevolence); (place-name) Gojō five constant [virtues] |
五性 see styles |
wǔ xìng wu3 xing4 wu hsing goshō |
The five different natures as grouped by the 法相宗 Dharmalakṣana sect; of these the first and second, while able to attain to non-return to mortality, are unable to reach Buddhahood; of the fourth some may, others may not reach it; the fifth will be reborn as devas or men: (1) śrāvakas for arhats; (2) pratyekabuddhas for pratyekabuddha-hood; (3) bodhisattvas for Buddhahood; (4) indefinite; (5) outsiders who have not the Buddha mind. The Sutra of Perfect Enlightenment 圓覺經 has another group, i. e. the natures of (1) ordinary good people; (2) śrāvakas and pratyekabuddhas; (3) bodhisattvas; (4) indefinite; (5) heretics. |
五教 see styles |
wǔ jiào wu3 jiao4 wu chiao gokyō |
The five division of Buddhism according to the Huayan School, of which there are two That of 杜順 Dushun down to 賢首 Xianshou is (1) 小乘教 Hīnayāna which interprets nirvana as annihilation; (2) 大乘始教 the primary stage of Mahāyāna, with two sections the 相始教 and 空 始教 or realistic and idealistic, (3) 大乘終教 Mahāyāna in its final stage, teaching the 眞如 and universal Buddhahood; (4) 頓教 the immediate, direct, or intuitive school, e. g. by right concentration of thought, or faith, apart from 'works'; (5) 圓教 the complete or perfect teaching of the Huayan, combining all the rest into one all-embracing vehicle. The five are now differentiated into 十宗 ten schools. The other division, by 圭峯 Guifeng of the same school, is (1) 人天教 rebirth as human beings for those who keep the five commandments and as devas those who keep the 十善 as 相始教 above; (4) 大乘破相教 as 空始教 above; and (5) 一乘顯性教 the one vehicle which reveals the universal Buddha-nature; it includes (3), (4), and (5) of the first group. See also 五時教. |
五旬 see styles |
wǔ xún wu3 xun2 wu hsün gojun |
pañca-bhijñā. The five supernatural or magical powers; six is the more common number in Chinese texts, five is the number in Ceylon; v. 五神通. |
五智 see styles |
wǔ zhì wu3 zhi4 wu chih gochi ごち |
(place-name, surname) Gochi The five kinds of wisdom of the 眞言宗 Shingon School. Of the six elements 六大 earth, water, fire, air (or wind), ether (or space) 曇空, and consciousness (or mind 識 ), the first five form the phenomenal world, or Garbhadhātu, the womb of all things 胎藏界, the sixth is the conscious, or perceptive, or wisdom world, the Vajradhātu 金剛界, sometimes called the Diamond realm. The two realms are not originally apart, but one, and there is no consciousness without the other five elements. The sixth element, vijñāna, is further subdivided into five called the 五智 Five Wisdoms: (1) 法界體性智 dharmadhātu-prakṛti-jñāna, derived from the amala-vijñāna, or pure 識; it is the wisdom of the embodied nature of the dharmadhātu, defined as the six elements, and is associated with Vairocana 大日, in the centre, who abides in this samādhi; it also corresponds to the ether 空 element. (2) 大圓鏡智 adarśana-jñāna, the great round mirror wisdom, derived from the ālaya-vijñāna, reflecting all things; corresponds to earth, and is associated with Akṣobhya and the east. (3) 平等性智 samatā-jñāna, derived from mano-vijñāna, wisdom in regard to all things equally and universally; corresponds to fire, and is associated with Ratnasaṃbhava and the south. (4) 妙觀察智 pratyavekṣaṇa-jñāna, derived from 意識, wisdom of profound insight, or discrimination, for exposition and doubt-destruction; corresponds to water, and is associated with Amitābha and the west. (5) 成所作智 kṛtyānuṣṭhāna-jñāna, derived from the five senses, the wisdom of perfecting the double work of self-welfare and the welfare of others; corresponds to air 風 and is associated with Amoghasiddhi and the north. These five Dhyāni-Buddhas are the 五智如來. The five kinds of wisdom are the four belonging to every Buddha, of the exoteric cult, to which the esoteric cult adds the first, pure, all-refecting, universal, all-discerning, and all-perfecting. |
五法 see styles |
wǔ fǎ wu3 fa3 wu fa gohō |
pañcadharma. The five laws or categories, of which four groups are as follows: I. 相名五法 The five categories of form and name: (1) 相 appearances, or phenomena; (2) 名 their names; (3) 分別 sometimes called 妄想 ordinary mental discrimination of them— (1) and (2) are objective, (3) subjective; (4) 正智 corrective wisdom, which corrects the deficiencies and errors of the last: (5) 如如 the 眞如 Bhutatathata or absolute wisdom, reached through the 如理智 understanding of the law of the absolute, or ultimate truth. II. 事理五法 The five categories into which things and their principles are divided: (1) 心法 mind; (2) 心所法 mental conditions or activities; (3) 色法 the actual states or categories as conceived; (4) 不相應法 hypothetic categories, 唯識 has twenty-four, the Abhidharma fourteen; (5) 無爲法 the state of rest, or the inactive principle pervading all things; the first four are the 事 and the last the 理. III. 理智五法 cf. 五智; the five categories of essential wisdom: (1) 眞如 the absolute; (2) 大圓鏡智 wisdom as the great perfect mirror reflecting all things; (3) 平等性智 wisdom of the equal Buddha nature of all beings; (4) 妙觀察智 wisdom of mystic insight into all things and removal of ignorance and doubt; (5) 成所作智 wisdom perfect in action and bringing blessing to self and others. IV. 提婆五法 The five obnoxious rules of Devadatta: not to take milk in any form, nor meat, nor salt; to wear unshaped garments, and to live apart. Another set is: to wear cast-off rags, beg food, have only one set meal a day, dwell in the open, and abstain from all kinds of flesh, milk, etc. |
Entries with 2nd row of characters: The 2nd row is Simplified Chinese.
This page contains 100 results for "Nat" in Chinese and/or Japanese.Information about this dictionary:
Apparently, we were the first ones who were crazy enough to think that western people might want a combined Chinese, Japanese, and Buddhist dictionary.
A lot of westerners can't tell the difference between Chinese and Japanese - and there is a reason for that. Chinese characters and even whole words were borrowed by Japan from the Chinese language in the 5th century. Much of the time, if a word or character is used in both languages, it will have the same or a similar meaning. However, this is not always true. Language evolves, and meanings independently change in each language.
Example: The Chinese character 湯 for soup (hot water) has come to mean bath (hot water) in Japanese. They have the same root meaning of "hot water", but a 湯屋 sign on a bathhouse in Japan would lead a Chinese person to think it was a "soup house" or a place to get a bowl of soup. See this: Japanese Bath House
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Chinese Buddhist terms come from Dictionary of Chinese Buddhist Terms by William Edward Soothill and Lewis Hodous. This is commonly referred to as "Soothill's'". It was first published in 1937 (and is now off copyright so we can use it here). Some of these definitions may be misleading, incomplete, or dated, but 95% of it is good information. Every professor who teaches Buddhism or Eastern Religion has a copy of this on their bookshelf. We incorporated these 16,850 entries into our dictionary database ourselves (it was lot of work).
Combined, these cover 1,007,753 Japanese, Chinese, and Buddhist characters, words, idioms, names, placenames, and short phrases.
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