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三五成群 see styles |
sān wǔ chéng qún san1 wu3 cheng2 qun2 san wu ch`eng ch`ün san wu cheng chün |
in groups of three or four (idiom) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
三十六神 see styles |
sān shí liù shén san1 shi2 liu4 shen2 san shih liu shen sanjūroku shin |
(三十六部神) The thirty-six departmental guardian divinities given in the 灌頂三歸五戒帶佩護身咒經. Each is styled 彌栗頭 mṛdu, benign, kindly, for which 善 is used. Their Sanskrit and Chinese names are given in Chinese as follows: (1) 不羅婆 or 善光 kindly light, has to do with attacks of disease; (2) 婆呵婆 or 善明 headaches; (3) 婆邏婆 or 善力 fevers; (4) 抗陀羅 or 善月 disorders of the stomach; (5) 陀利奢 or 善見 tumours; (6) 阿婁呵 or 善供 madness; (7) 伽婆帝 or 善捨 stupidity; (8) 悉抵哆 or 善寂 irascibility; (9) 菩堤薩 or善覺 lust; (10) 提婆羅 or 善天 devils; (11) 阿婆帝 or 善住 deadly injuries; (12) 不若羅 of 善福 graves; (13) 苾闍伽 or 善術 the four quarters; (14) 迦隸婆 or 善帝 enemies; (15) 羅闍遮 or 善主 robbers; (16) 須乾陀 or 善香 creditors; (17) 檀那波 or 善施 thieves; (18) 支多那 or 善意 pestilence; (19) 羅婆那 or 善吉 the five plagues (? typhoid); (20) 鉢婆馱 or 善山 corpse worms; (21) 三摩提 or 善調 continuous concentration; (22) 戾禘馱 or 善備 restlessness; (23) 波利陀 or 善敬 attraction; (24) 波利那 or 善淨 evil cabals; (25) 度伽地 or 善品 deadly poison; (26) 毘梨馱 or 善結 fear; (27) 支陀那 or 善壽 calamities; (28) 伽林摩 or 善逝 childbirth and nursing; (29) 阿留伽 or 善願 the district magistracy; (30) 闍利馱 or 善固 altercations; (31) 阿伽駄 or 善照 anxieties and distresses; (32) 阿訶婆 or 善生 uneasiness; (33) 婆和邏 or 善思 supernatural manifestations; (34) 波利那 or 善藏 jealousy; (35) 固陀那 or 善音 curses; (36) 韋陀羅 or 善妙 exorcism. They have innumerable assistants. He who writes their names and carries them with him can be free from all fear. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
三十四心 see styles |
sān shí sì xīn san1 shi2 si4 xin1 san shih ssu hsin sanjūshi shin |
thirty-four enlightened mental states | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
三千威儀 三千威仪 see styles |
sān qiān wēi yí san1 qian1 wei1 yi2 san ch`ien wei i san chien wei i sansen (no) igi |
A bhikṣu's regulations amount to about 250; these are multiplied by four for the conditions of walking, standing, sitting, and sleeping and thus make 1, 000; again multiplied by three for past, present, and future, they become 3, 000 regulations. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
三天四仙 see styles |
sān tiān sì xiān san1 tian1 si4 xian1 san t`ien ssu hsien san tien ssu hsien santen shisen |
v. 二天三仙 and add 鳩摩羅 Kuveradeva and 若提子 Nirgrahtha, son of Jñātṛ, i.e. of the Jñātṛ clan. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
三寒四温 see styles |
sankanshion さんかんしおん |
(yoji) alternation of three cold and four warm days (usu. in late winter and early spring) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
三從四德 三从四德 see styles |
sān cóng sì dé san1 cong2 si4 de2 san ts`ung ssu te san tsung ssu te |
Confucian moral injunctions for women, namely: obey in turn three men father, husband and son, plus the four virtues of morality 德[de2], physical charm 容, propriety in speech 言 and efficiency in needlework 功 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
三摩皮陀 see styles |
sān mó pí tuó san1 mo2 pi2 tuo2 san mo p`i t`o san mo pi to Sanmahida |
縒摩吠陀; 沙磨; 平論; 歌詠 Sāma-veda-saṃhitā. A collection of verses sung at sacrifices, etc. The third of the three Vedas, or four if Atharva Veda is counted, as it was later; the verses are taken almost wholly from the Ṛgveda. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
三權一實 三权一实 see styles |
sān quán yī shí san1 quan2 yi1 shi2 san ch`üan i shih san chüan i shih sangon ichijitsu |
The Tiantai division of the schools of Buddhism into four, three termed 權temporary, i. e. 藏, 通 and 別 q.v. v. e fourth is the 實 or圓real or perfect School of SaIvation by faith to Buddhahood, especially as revealed in the Lotus Sutra, see 一實. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
三界皆苦 see styles |
sān jiè jiē kǔ san1 jie4 jie1 ku3 san chieh chieh k`u san chieh chieh ku sangai kaiku |
three realms are nothing but suffering | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
三界苦輪 三界苦轮 see styles |
sān jiè kǔ lún san1 jie4 ku3 lun2 san chieh k`u lun san chieh ku lun sankai kurin |
cycle of suffering in the three realms | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
三種心苦 三种心苦 see styles |
sān zhǒng xīn kǔ san1 zhong3 xin1 ku3 san chung hsin k`u san chung hsin ku sanshu shinku |
The three kinds of mental distress: desire, anger, stupidity, idem 三毒. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
三種示導 三种示导 see styles |
sān zhǒng shì dǎo san1 zhong3 shi4 dao3 san chung shih tao sanshu jidō |
Three ways in which bodhisattvas manifest themselves for saving those suffering the pains of hell, i.e. 身 physically, by supernatural powers, change of form, etc.; 意 mentally, through powers of memory and enlightenment; 口 orally, by moral exhortation. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
三諦圓融 三谛圆融 see styles |
sān dì yuán róng san1 di4 yuan2 rong2 san ti yüan jung sandai enyū |
perfect interfusion of the three truths | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
三諦相卽 三谛相卽 see styles |
sān dì xiāng jí san1 di4 xiang1 ji2 san ti hsiang chi sandai sōsoku |
The unity of 空, 假, 中, three aspects of the same reality, taught by the 圓教as distinguished from the 別教which separates them. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
三長齋月 三长斋月 see styles |
sān cháng zhāi yuè san1 chang2 zhai1 yue4 san ch`ang chai yüeh san chang chai yüeh san chō saigatsu |
(三長月) The three whole months of abstinence, the first, fifth, and ninth months, when no food should be taken after noon. The four deva-kings are on tours of inspection during these months. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
三障四魔 see styles |
sān zhàng sì mó san1 zhang4 si4 mo2 san chang ssu mo sans hō shi ma |
three obstacles and four demonic forces | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
上下八諦 上下八谛 see styles |
shàng xià bā dì shang4 xia4 ba1 di4 shang hsia pa ti jōge hattai |
higher and lower eight truths | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
不可說佛 不可说佛 see styles |
bù kě shuō fó bu4 ke3 shuo1 fo2 pu k`o shuo fo pu ko shuo fo Fukasetsu butsu |
Gaṇendra; the 733rd of the Buddhas of the present kalpa 賢劫, in which 1,000 Buddhas are to appear, of whom four have appeared. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
不壞四禪 不坏四禅 see styles |
bù huài sì chán bu4 huai4 si4 chan2 pu huai ssu ch`an pu huai ssu chan fue (no) shizen |
The four dhyāna heavens, where the samādhi mind of meditation is indestructible, and the external world is indestructible by the three final catastrophes. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
不定受業 不定受业 see styles |
bù dìng shòu yè bu4 ding4 shou4 ye4 pu ting shou yeh fujō jugō |
One of the 'four karma' — aniyata or indefinite karma; opposite of 定業. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
不苦不樂 不苦不乐 see styles |
bù kǔ bú lè bu4 ku3 bu2 le4 pu k`u pu le pu ku pu le fuku furaku |
neither suffering nor pleasure | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
世俗苦因 see styles |
shì sú kǔ yīn shi4 su2 ku3 yin1 shih su k`u yin shih su ku yin sezoku ku in |
mundane causes of suffering | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
世界各地 see styles |
shì jiè gè dì shi4 jie4 ge4 di4 shih chieh ko ti sekaikakuchi せかいかくち |
all over the world; everywhere; in all parts of the world every part of the world; all over the world; the four corners of the world |
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之乎者也 see styles |
zhī hū zhě yě zhi1 hu1 zhe3 ye3 chih hu che yeh |
lit. 之[zhi1], 乎[hu1], 者[zhe3] and 也[ye3] (four grammatical particles of Classical Chinese) (idiom); fig. archaic expressions | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
九品大衣 see styles |
jiǔ pǐn dà yī jiu3 pin3 da4 yi1 chiu p`in ta i chiu pin ta i ku hon dai e |
The 僧伽梨 saṇghāṭī. There are nine grades of the monk's patch robe; the three lowest ranks have 9, 11, and 13 patches, two long patches to one short one; the three middle 15, 17, 19, three long to one short; and the three superior 21, 23, 25, four long to one short. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
九有情居 see styles |
jiǔ yǒu qíng jū jiu3 you3 qing2 ju1 chiu yu ch`ing chü chiu yu ching chü ku ujō ko |
(or 九有情處), 九衆生居, 九居, 九門, see also 九有, 九地, 九禪 and 九定; the nine happy abodes or states of sentient beings of the 長阿含經 9; they are the 七識住seven abodes or stages of perception or consciousness to which are added the fifth and ninth below: (1) 欲界之人天 the world and the six deva-heavens of desire in which there is variety of bodies (or personalities) and thinking (or ideas); (2) 梵衆天the three brahma heavens where bodies differ but thinking is the same, the first dhyāna heaven; (3) 極光淨天 the three bright and pure heavens where bodies are identical but thinking diners, the second dhyāna heaven; (4) 遍淨天the three universally pure heavens where bodies and thinking are the same, the third dhyāna heaven; (5) 無想天 the no-thinking or no-thought heaven, the highest of the four dhyāna heavens; (6) 空無邊處 limitless space, the first of the formless realms; (7) 識無邊處 limitless percepton, the second ditto; (8) 無所有處 nothingness, the place beyond things, the third ditto; and (9) 非想非非想beyond thought or non-thought, the fourth ditto. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
九次第定 see styles |
jiǔ cì dì dìng jiu3 ci4 di4 ding4 chiu tz`u ti ting chiu tzu ti ting kyū shidai jō |
The samādhi of the nine degrees, i.e. the four dhyānas 四禪, the four realms beyond form 四無色, and the samādhi beyond sensation and thought 滅受想定; see 九有情居 and 九地. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
乞食四分 see styles |
qǐ shí sì fēn qi3 shi2 si4 fen1 ch`i shih ssu fen chi shih ssu fen kotsujiki shibun |
The four divisions of the mendicant's dole; to provide for (1) fellow religionists, (2) the poor, (3) the spirits, (4) self. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
二六時中 二六时中 see styles |
èr liù shí zhōng er4 liu4 shi2 zhong1 erh liu shih chung nirokujichuu / nirokujichu にろくじちゅう |
(adv,n) (yoji) night and day; all the time during the twelve (=twenty-four) hours of the day. |
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二十二根 see styles |
èr shí èr gēn er4 shi2 er4 gen1 erh shih erh ken nijūni kon |
The twenty-two roots, organs, or powers, v. 根. They are: (1) 眼根 eye, cakṣurindriya; (2) 耳 根 ear, śrotrendriya; (3) 鼻根 nose, ghrāṇendriya; (4) 舌根 tongue, jihvendriya; (5) 身根 body, kāyendriya; (6) 意根 mind, manaīndriya (the above are the 六根); (7) 女根 female organ, strīndriya; (8) 男根 male organ, puruṣendriya; (9) 命根 life, jīvitendriya; (10) 苦根 suffering (or pain), duḥkhendriya; (11) 樂根 pleasure, sukhendriya; (12) 憂根 sorrow, daurmanasyendriya; (13) 喜根 joy, saumanas-yendriya; (14) 捨根 abandoning, upekṣendriya (from 10 to 14 they are the 五受); (15) 信根 faith, śraddhendriya; (16) 精進根 zeal, vīryendriya; (17) 念根 memory, smṛtīndriya; (18) 定根 meditation, or trance, samādhīndriya; (19) 慧根 wisdom, prajñendriya (these are the 信等之五根); (20) 未知當知根 the power for learning (the Four Noble Truths) anājñātamājñāsyāmīndriya; (21) 巳知根 the power of having learned (them), ājñendriya; (22) 具知根 the power of perfect knowledge (of them), ājñātādvīndriya (these three are called the 無漏根) . | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
二十五史 see styles |
èr shí wǔ shǐ er4 shi2 wu3 shi3 erh shih wu shih nijuugoshi / nijugoshi にじゅうごし |
twenty four dynastic histories (or 25 or 26 in modern editions) (See 二十四史) Twenty-Five Histories; authoritative collection of twenty-five Chinese historical books (the Twenty-Four Histories and the New History of Yuan) |
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二十五有 see styles |
èr shí wǔ yǒu er4 shi2 wu3 you3 erh shih wu yu nijūgō u |
The twenty-five forms of existence, fourteen in the desire realms 欲界, seven in the realms of form 色界, and four in the formless realms 無色界, v. 有. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
二十八天 see styles |
èr shí bā tiān er4 shi2 ba1 tian1 erh shih pa t`ien erh shih pa tien nijūhatten |
The twenty-eight heavens, or devalokas: six of the desire-world 欲界, eighteen of the form-world 色界, and four arūpa or formless heavens 無色界. The heavens of the world of form are sixteen according to the 薩婆多部 Sarvāstivāda School, seventeen according to 經部 Sūtra School, and eighteen according to the 上座 Sthavirāḥ. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
二十八宿 see styles |
èr shí bā xiù er4 shi2 ba1 xiu4 erh shih pa hsiu nijuuhasshuku / nijuhasshuku にじゅうはっしゅく |
the twenty-eight constellations 28 mansions of Chinese astronomy (constellations dividing the ecliptic into 28 positions) The twenty-eight nakṣatras or constellations, divided into four mansions of seven each, referred to East, or Spring; South, Summer; West, Autumn; and North, Winter. The month-names derived from them differ slightly in form. E.: 角 Citrā, 亢 Niṣṭyā (or Svāti), 氏 Viśākhā, 房 Anurādhā, 心Rohiṇī, Jyeṣṭhaghnī (or Jyesthā), 尾 Mūlabarhaṇī (or Mūla), 箕 Pūrva-Aṣādha. N.: 斗 Uttara-Aṣāḍhā, 牛 Abhijit, 女Śravaṇā, 盧Śraviṣṭha (or Dhaniṣṭhā) 危Śatabhiṣā, 室 Pūrva-Proṣṭhapada, 壁 Uttara-Proṣṭhapada. W.: 奎 Revatī, 婁 Aśvayuj (or Aśvinī), 胃 Apabharaṇī (or Bharaṇī), 昴 Kṛttikā, 畢 Rohiṇī, 觜 Invakā (or Mṛgaśiras), 參 Bāhu (or Ārdrā). S.: 井 Punarvasu, 鬼 Tiṣya (or Puṣya), 柳 Aśleṣā, 星 Maghā, 張 Pūrva-Phalgunī, 翼 Uttara-Phalgunī, 軫 Hastā. |
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二十八祖 see styles |
èr shí bā zǔ er4 shi2 ba1 zu3 erh shih pa tsu nijūhasso |
The twenty-eight Buddhist patriarchs as stated by the Mahāyānists. The Tiantai school reckons twenty-three, or twenty-four, with the addition of Śaṇakavāsa, contemporary with his predecessors, but the Chan school reckons twenty-eight: (1) Mahākāśyapa, 摩訶迦葉 (摩訶迦葉波); (2) Ānanda, 阿難; (3) Śāṇakavāsa, 商那和修; 4) Upagupta, 優婆毱多; (5) Dhṛṭaka, 提多迦; (6) Mikkaka, or Miccaka, or Micchaka, 彌遮迦; (7) Vasumitra, 婆須蜜; (8) Buddhanandi, 佛陀難提; (9) Buddhamitra, 伏駄蜜多; (10) Pārśva, or Pārśvika, 波栗溼縛or 脇尊者; (11) Puṇyayaśas 那尊耶舍; (12) Aśvaghoṣa, 馬鳴大士; (13) Kapimala, 迦毘摩羅; (14) Nāgārjuna, 龍樹; (15) Kāṇadeva, 迦那提婆; (16) Rāhulata, 羅睺羅多; (17) Saṅghanandi, 僧伽難提; (18) Gayāśata, 伽耶舍多; (19) Kumārata, 鳩摩羅多; (20) Jayata, 闍夜多; (21) Vasubandhu, 婆修盤頭; (22) Manorhita, 摩撃羅; (23) Haklena, 鶴輸勒; (24) Ārasiṁha, 師子尊者; (25) Basiasita, 婆舍新多; (26) Puṇyamitra, 不如密多; (27) Prajñātāra, 般若多羅; (28) Bodhidharma, 菩提達磨. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
二十四史 see styles |
èr shí sì shǐ er4 shi2 si4 shi3 erh shih ssu shih nijuushishi / nijushishi にじゅうしし |
the Twenty-Four Histories (25 or 26 in modern editions), collection of books on Chinese dynastic history from 3000 BC till 17th century; fig. a long and complicated story (See 二十五史) Twenty-Four Histories; authoritative collection of twenty-four Chinese historical books |
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二十四孝 see styles |
èr shí sì xiào er4 shi2 si4 xiao4 erh shih ssu hsiao |
the Twenty-four Filial Exemplars, classic Confucian text on filial piety from Yuan dynasty | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
二十四日 see styles |
nijuuyokka / nijuyokka にじゅうよっか |
(1) twenty-fourth day of the month; (2) twenty-four days | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
二十四流 see styles |
èr shí sì liú er4 shi2 si4 liu2 erh shih ssu liu nijūshi ryū |
twenty-four transmissions | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
二種因果 二种因果 see styles |
èr zhǒng yīn guǒ er4 zhong3 yin1 guo3 erh chung yin kuo nishuinka |
Two aspects of cause and effect, a division of the 四諦 "four noble truths" (a) 世間因果 in the present life, the 苦諦 being the effect, and the 集諦 the cause; (b) 出世間因果 in the future life, the 滅諦, extinction (of passion, or mortality) being the fruit, and the 道諦 the " eightfold noble path " the cause. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
二種涅槃 二种涅槃 see styles |
èr zhǒng niè pán er4 zhong3 nie4 pan2 erh chung nieh p`an erh chung nieh pan nishu nehan |
Two nirvanas: (1) 有餘涅槃 also 有餘依 That with a remnant; the cause 因 has been annihilated, but the remnant of the effect 果 still remains, so that a saint may enter this nirvana during life, but have to continue to live in this mortal realm till the death of his body. (2) 無餘涅槃 or 無餘依 Remnantless nirvāṇa, without cause and effect, the connection with the chain of mortal life being ended, so that the saint enters upon perfect nirvāṇa on the death of the body; cf. 智度論 31. Another definition is that Hīnayāna has further transmigration, while Mahāyāna maintains final nirvana. "Nothing remnaining" is differently interpreted in different schools, by some literally, but in Mahāyāna generally, as meaning no further mortal suffering, i.e. final nirvāṇa. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
五位三昧 see styles |
wǔ wèi sān mèi wu3 wei4 san1 mei4 wu wei san mei goi zanmai |
五種三昧 The five kinds of samādhi: (1) On mortality, the 四禪 and 八定; (2) śrāvaka on the four axioms; (3) pratyekabuddha on the twelve nidānas; (4) bodhisattva on the 六度 and the 萬行; (5) Buddha on the one Buddha-vehicle, which includes all others; v. 五乘. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
五停四念 see styles |
wǔ tíng sì niàn wu3 ting2 si4 nian4 wu t`ing ssu nien wu ting ssu nien gojō shinen |
idem 五停心觀 and 四念處 i. e. the five meditations for settling the mind and ridding it of the five errors of desire, hate, ignorance, the self, and a wayward or confused mind; the five meditations are 不淨觀, 慈悲觀, 因緣觀, 界分別觀 and 數息觀 i. e. the vileness of all things, pity for all, causality, right discrimination, breathing; some substitute meditation on the Buddha in place of the fourth; another division puts breathing first, and there are other differences. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
五明後日 see styles |
goasatte ごあさって |
(n,adv) four days from now (five days in some places) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
五時八教 五时八教 see styles |
wǔ shí bā jiào wu3 shi2 ba1 jiao4 wu shih pa chiao gojihakkyou / gojihakkyo ごじはっきょう |
{Buddh} (See 五時教) division of the Buddha's 50-year teachings into five time periods and eight categories (theory of the Tendai sect) A Tiantai classification of the Buddha's teaching into five periods and eight kinds of doctrine, which eight are subdivided into two groups of four each, 化儀四教 and 化法四教. |
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五智如來 五智如来 see styles |
wǔ zhì rú lái wu3 zhi4 ru2 lai2 wu chih ju lai gochi nyorai |
五智五佛; 五佛; 五如來 The five Dhyāni-Buddhas, or Wisdom-Tathāgatas of the Vajradhātu 金剛界, idealizations of five aspects of wisdom; possibly of Nepalese origin. The Wisdom Buddha represents the dharmakāya or Buddha-mind, also the Dharma of the triratna, or trinity. Each evolves one of the five colours, one of the five senses, a Dhyani-bodhisattva in two forms onegracious, the other fierce, and a Mānuṣi-Buddha; each has his own śakti, i. e. feminine energy or complement; also his own bīja, or germ-sound 種子or 印 seal, i. e. 眞言 real or substantive word, the five being for 大日 aṃ, for 阿閦 hūṃ, for 寶生 ? hrīḥ, for 彌陀 ? aḥ, for 不 空 ? āḥ. The five are also described as the emanations or forms of an Ādi-Buddha, Vajrasattva; the four are considered by others to be emanations or forms of Vairocana as theSupreme Buddha. The five are not always described as the same, e. g. they may be 藥師 (or 王) Bhaiṣajya, 多寶 Prabhūtaratna, Vairocana, Akṣobhya, andeither Amoghasiddhi or Śākyamuni. Below is a classified list of the generally accepted five with certain particulars connected with them, butthese differ in different places, and the list can only be a general guide. As to the Dhyāni-bodhisattvas, each Buddha evolves three forms 五佛生五菩薩, 五金剛, 五忿怒, i. e. (1) a bodhisattva who represents the Buddha's dharmakāya, or spiritual body; (2) a vajra ordiamond form who represents his wisdom in graciousness; and (3) a fierce or angry form, the 明王 who represents his power against evil. (1) Vairocanaappears in the three forms of 轉法輪菩薩 Vajra-pāramitā Bodhisattva, 遍照金剛 Universally Shining Vajrasattva, and 不動明王 Ārya-Acalanātha Rāja; (2) Akṣobhya's three forms are 虛空藏 Ākāśagarbha, 如意 complete power, and 軍荼利明王 Kuṇḍalī-rāja; (3 ) Ratnasaṃbhava's are 普賢 Samantabhadra, 薩埵Sattvavajra, and 孫婆 or 降三世明王 Trailokyavijayarāja; (4) Amitābha's are 觀世音 Avalokiteśvara, 法金剛 Dharmarāja, and 馬頭明王 Hayagrīva, thehorse-head Dharmapāla; (5) Amoghasiddhi's are 彌勒 Maitreya, 業金剛Karmavajra, and 金剛夜叉 Vajrayakṣa. The above Bodhisattvas differ from those in the following list:
Arrival of the five wise Buddhas |
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五盛陰苦 五盛阴苦 see styles |
wǔ shèng yīn kǔ wu3 sheng4 yin1 ku3 wu sheng yin k`u wu sheng yin ku gosei in ku |
The mental and physical sufferings arising from the full-orbed activities of the skandhas 五陰, one of the eight sufferings; also 五陰盛 (五陰盛苦). | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
五種唯識 五种唯识 see styles |
wǔ zhǒng wéi shì wu3 zhong3 wei2 shi4 wu chung wei shih goshu yuishiki |
The five kinds of weishi, or idealistic representation in the sutras and śāstras as summed up by Cien 慈恩 of the 法相宗 Dharmalakṣana school: (1) 境唯識 wisdom or insight in objective conditions; (2) 教唯識 in interpretation; (3) 理唯識 in principles; (4) 行唯識 in meditation and practice; (5) 果唯識 in the fruits or results of Buddhahood. The first four are objective, the fifth subject. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
五種法身 五种法身 see styles |
wǔ zhǒng fǎ shēn wu3 zhong3 fa3 shen1 wu chung fa shen goshu hosshin |
The five kinds of a Buddha's dharmakāya. There are four groups. I. (1) 如如智法身 the spiritual body of bhūtatathatā-wisdom; (2) 功德法身 of all virtuous achievement; (3) 自法身 of incarnation in the world; (4) 變化法身 of unlimited powers of transformation; (5) 虛空法身 of unlimited space; the first and second are defined as saṃbhogakāya, the third and fourth as nirmāṇakāya, and the fifth as the dharmakāya, but all are included under dharmakāya as it possesses all the others. II. The esoteric cult uses the first four and adds as fifth 法界身 indicating the universe as pan-Buddha. III. Huayan gives (1) 法性生身 the body or person of Buddha born from the dharma-nature. (2) 功德生身 the dharmakāya evolved by Buddha virtue, or achievement; (3) 變化法身 the dharmakāya with unlimited powers of transformation; (4) 實相法身 the real dharmakāya; (5) 虛 空法身 the universal dharmakāya. IV. Hīnayāna defines them as 五分法身 q. v. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
五種灌頂 五种灌顶 see styles |
wǔ zhǒng guàn dǐng wu3 zhong3 guan4 ding3 wu chung kuan ting goshu kanjō |
The five abhiṣecanī baptisms of the esoteric school— for ordaining ācāryas, teachers, or preachers of the Law: for admitting disciples: for putting an end to calamities or suffering for sins; for advancement, or success; and for controlling (evil spirits ) or getting rid of difficulties, cf. 五種修法. Also, baptism of light: of sweet dew (i. e. perfume): of the 'germ-word' as seed; of the five baptismal signs of wisdom made on the forehead, shoulders, heart, and throat, indicating the five Dhyāni-Buddhas; and of the ' true word' on the breast. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
五言絕句 五言绝句 see styles |
wǔ yán jué jù wu3 yan2 jue2 ju4 wu yen chüeh chü |
poetic form consisting of four lines of five syllables, with rhymes on first, second and fourth line | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
五言絶句 see styles |
gogonzekku ごごんぜっく |
poem of four lines, each of five (Chinese) characters | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
五部合斷 五部合断 see styles |
wǔ bù hé duàn wu3 bu4 he2 duan4 wu pu ho tuan gobu gōdan |
To cut off the five classes of misleading things, i. e. four 見 and one 修, i. e. false theory in regard to the 四諦 four truths, and erroneous practice. Each of the two classes is extended into each of the three divisions of past, three of present, and three of future, making eighteen mental conditions. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
五陰盛苦 五阴盛苦 see styles |
wǔ yīn shèng kǔ wu3 yin1 sheng4 ku3 wu yin sheng k`u wu yin sheng ku goonjouku / goonjoku ごおんじょうく |
(yoji) {Buddh} (See 五陰) pain caused by the five skandhas suffering due to the five aggregates |
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五馬分屍 see styles |
wǔ mǎ fēn shī wu3 ma3 fen1 shi1 wu ma fen shih |
(idiom) to tear off sb's four limbs and head using five horse-drawn carts (historical form of capital punishment); (fig.) to tear apart; to utterly destroy; to brutally dismember | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
人尊三惡 人尊三恶 see styles |
rén zūn sān è ren2 zun1 san1 e4 jen tsun san o ninson san'aku |
The three most wicked among men: the Icchantika; v. 一闡提: the slanderers of Mahayana, and those who break the four great commandments. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
人間地獄 人间地狱 see styles |
rén jiān dì yù ren2 jian1 di4 yu4 jen chien ti yü |
hell on earth (idiom); suffering the torments of Buddhist hell while still alive; fig. having an uncomfortable time | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
伊藤博文 see styles |
yī téng bó wén yi1 teng2 bo2 wen2 i t`eng po wen i teng po wen itouhirobumi / itohirobumi いとうひろぶみ |
Itō Hirobumi (1841–1909), Japan's first prime minister (served four terms), key figure in Japan's colonial expansion into Korea (person) Itō Hirobumi (1841.10.16-1909.10.26) |
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住定菩薩 住定菩萨 see styles |
zhù dìng pú sà zhu4 ding4 pu2 sa4 chu ting p`u sa chu ting pu sa jūjō (no) bosatsu |
A bodhisattva firmly fixed, or abiding in certainty. After a bodhisattva has completed three great asaṁkhyeyakalpas he has still one hundred great kalpas to complete. This period is called abiding in fixity or firmness, divided into six kinds: certainty of being born in a good gati, in a noble family, with a good body, a man, knowing the abiding places of his transmigrations, knowing the abiding character of his good works. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
佛光國師 see styles |
fó guāng guó shī fo2 guang1 guo2 shi1 fo kuang kuo shih Bukkō Kokushi |
Chinese monk of the Linji (J. Rinzai) school 臨濟宗. Founder of the Bukkō Branch 佛光派, one of the twenty-four transmissions of Zen 禪宗二十四流 that reached Japan. Came to Japan in 1279 following the invitation by Hōjō Tokimune. Founder of the Engakuji 圓覺寺 in Kamakura. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
佛殿四物 see styles |
fó diàn sì wù fo2 dian4 si4 wu4 fo tien ssu wu butsuden shimotsu |
four instruments for the buddha-hall | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
佛陀耶舍 see styles |
fó tuó yé shè fo2 tuo2 ye2 she4 fo t`o yeh she fo to yeh she Buddayasha |
Buddhayaśas, of Kashmir or Kabul, tr. four works, 408-412. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
侯門似海 侯门似海 see styles |
hóu mén sì hǎi hou2 men2 si4 hai3 hou men ssu hai |
lit. the gate of a noble house is like the sea (idiom); fig. there is a wide gap between the nobility and the common people | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
光宅四教 see styles |
guāng zhái sì jiào guang1 zhai2 si4 jiao4 kuang chai ssu chiao Kōtaku shikyō |
the four part doctrinal taxonomy according to Fayun of Guangzhai | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
光風霽月 光风霁月 see styles |
guāng fēng jì yuè guang1 feng1 ji4 yue4 kuang feng chi yüeh koufuuseigetsu / kofusegetsu こうふうせいげつ |
lit. light breeze and clear moon (idiom); period of peace and prosperity; noble and benevolent character (noun - becomes adjective with の) (yoji) serenity |
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入重玄門 入重玄门 see styles |
rù zhòng xuán mén ru4 zhong4 xuan2 men2 ju chung hsüan men nyū jū genmon |
To enter again through the dark gate into mortality, e.g. as a bodhisattva does, even into the hells, to save the suffering. Another interpretation is the return of a bodhisattva to common life for further enlightenment. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
內外兼明 内外兼明 see styles |
nèi wài jiān míng nei4 wai4 jian1 ming2 nei wai chien ming naige kenmyō |
Inner and outer both 'ming '; the first four of the 五明 q. v. are 'outer' and the fifth 'inner'. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
八五三二 see styles |
bā wǔ sān èr ba1 wu3 san1 er4 pa wu san erh hachi go san ni |
The four special characteristics of the 法相 Dharmalakṣaṇa sect, i.e. 八識, 五法, 三性, and 二無我 q.v. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
八十一法 see styles |
bā shí yī fǎ ba1 shi2 yi1 fa3 pa shih i fa hachijūippō |
The eighty-one divisions in the Prajñā-pāramitā sūtra 大般若經 comprising form 色; mind 心; the five skandhas 五陰; twelve means of sensation 入; eighteen realms 界; four axioms 諦; twelve nidānas因緣; eighteen śūnya 空; six pāramitā 度, and four jñāna 智. Also 八十一科. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
八大在我 see styles |
bā dà zài wǒ ba1 da4 zai4 wo3 pa ta tsai wo hachidai zaiga |
The eight great powers of personality or sovereign independence, as one of the four qualities 常樂我淨 of nirvāṇa: powers of self-manifolding, infinite expansion, levitation and transportation, manifesting countless forms permanently in one and the same place, use of one physical organ in place of another, obtaining all things as if nothing, expounding a stanza through countless kalpas, ability to traverse the solid as space. v. 涅槃經 23. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
八大觀音 八大观音 see styles |
bā dà guān yīn ba1 da4 guan1 yin1 pa ta kuan yin Hachi Dai Kannon |
The eight Shingon representations of Guanyin: as one of the above 八大明王, as the white-robed one, as a rākṣasī, as with four faces, as with a horse's head, as Mahāsthāmaprāpta 大勢至, and as Tārā 陀羅. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
八大辛苦 see styles |
bā dà xīn kǔ ba1 da4 xin1 ku3 pa ta hsin k`u pa ta hsin ku hachidai shinku |
idem 八苦. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
八宗九宗 see styles |
bā zōng jiǔ zōng ba1 zong1 jiu3 zong1 pa tsung chiu tsung hasshū kushū |
八家九宗 The eight Japanese schools 八宗 with the Zen 禪 school added. The first four are almost or entirely extinct. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
八支聖道 八支圣道 see styles |
bā zhī shèng dào ba1 zhi1 sheng4 dao4 pa chih sheng tao hasshi shōdō |
the noble eightfold path | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
八方上下 see styles |
bā fāng shàng xià ba1 fang1 shang4 xia4 pa fang shang hsia happō jōge |
The four quarters, the four 維 half-quarters and above and below, i.e. the universe in all directions. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
八正道經 八正道经 see styles |
bā zhèng dào jīng ba1 zheng4 dao4 jing1 pa cheng tao ching Hasshō dō kyō |
Buddha-bhāṣita-aṣṭaṅga-samyaṅ-mārga-sūtra. Tr. by An Shigao of the Eastern Han B.N.659; being an earlier translation of the Samyuktāgama 雜阿含經. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
八波羅夷 八波罗夷 see styles |
bā bō luó yí ba1 bo1 luo2 yi2 pa po lo i hachi harai |
or 八重罪 The eight pārājika, in relation to the sins of a nun; for the first four see 四波羅夷; (5) libidinous contact with a male; (6) any sort of improper association (leading to adultery); (7) concealing the misbehaviour (of an equal, or inferior); (8) improper dealings with a monk. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
八相成道 see styles |
bā xiàng chéng dào ba1 xiang4 cheng2 dao4 pa hsiang ch`eng tao pa hsiang cheng tao hassō jōdō |
the eight stages of the Buddha's life (Buddhism) (八相) also 八相示現 Eight aspects of the Buddha's life, which the 起信論 gives as: (1) descent into and abode in the Tuṣita heaven; (2) entry into his mother's womb; (3) abode there visibly preaching to the devas; (4) birth from mother's side in Lumbinī; (5) leaving home at 19 (or 25) as a hermit; (6) after six years' suffering attaining enlightenment; (7) rolling the Law-wheel, or preaching; (8) at 80 entering nirvāṇa. The 四教義 group of Tiantai is slightly different — descent from Tuṣita, entry into womb, birth, leaving home, subjection of Māra, attaining perfect wisdom, preaching, nirvana. See also the two 四相, i.e. 四本相 and 四隨相. |
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八福生處 八福生处 see styles |
bā fú shēng chù ba1 fu2 sheng1 chu4 pa fu sheng ch`u pa fu sheng chu hachifuku shōsho |
The eight happy conditions in which he may be reborn who keeps the five commands and the ten good ways and bestows alms: (1) rich and honourable among men; (2) in the heavens of the four deva kings; (3) the Indra heavens; (4) Suyāma heavens; (5) Tuṣita heaven; (6) 化樂nirmāṇarati heaven, i.e. the fifth devaloka; (7) 他化 Paranirmita-vaśavartin, i.e. the sixth devaloka heaven; (8) the brahma-heavens. 八福田 The eight fields for cultivating blessedness: Buddhas; arhats (or saints); preaching monks (upādhyāya); teachers (ācārya); friars; father; mother; the sick. Buddhas, arhats, and friars (or monks in general) are termed 敬田 reverence-fields; the sick are 悲田 compassion-fields; the rest are 恩田grace- or gratitude- fields. Another group is: to make roads and wells; canals and bridges; repair dangerous roads; be dutiful to parents; support monks; tend the sick; save from disaster or distress; provide for a quinquennial assembly. Another: serving the Three Precious Ones, i.e. the Buddha; the Law; the Order; parents; the monks as teachers; the poor; the sick; animals. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
八萬四千 八万四千 see styles |
bā wàn sì qiān ba1 wan4 si4 qian1 pa wan ssu ch`ien pa wan ssu chien hachiman shisen |
eighty-four thousand | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
八部鬼衆 八部鬼众 see styles |
bā bù guǐ zhòng ba1 bu4 gui3 zhong4 pa pu kuei chung hachibu(no)kishu |
The eight groups of demon-followers of the four mahārājas, i.e. gandharvas, piśācas, kumbhāṇḍas, pretas, nāgas, pūtanas, yakṣas, and rākṣasas. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
六凡四聖 六凡四圣 see styles |
liù fán sì shèng liu4 fan2 si4 sheng4 liu fan ssu sheng rokubon shishō |
six enlightened and four unenlightened | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
六十二見 六十二见 see styles |
liù shí èr jiàn liu4 shi2 er4 jian4 liu shih erh chien rokujūni ken |
The sixty-two 見 or views, of which three groups are given: The 大品般若經 in the 佛母品 takes each of the five skandhas under four considerations of 常 time, considered as time past, whether each of the five has had permanence, impermanence, both, neither, 5 x 4 = 20; again as to their space, or extension, considered as present time, whether each is finite, infinite, both, neither =20; again as to their destination, i. e. future, as to whether each goes on, or does not, both, neither (e. g. continued personality) = 20, or in all 60; add the two ideas whether body and mind 神 are a unity or different = 62. The Tiantai School takes 我見, or personality, as its basis and considers each of the five skandhas under four aspects, e. g (1) rūpa, the organized body, as the ego; (2) the ego as apart from the rūpa; (3) rūpa as the greater, the ego the smaller or inferior, and the ego as dwelling in the rūpa; (4) the ego as the greater, rupa the inferior, and the rupa in the ego. Consider these twenty in the past, present, and future = 60, and add 斷 and 常 impermanence and permanence as fundamentals = 62. There is also a third group. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
六十四書 六十四书 see styles |
liù shí sì shū liu4 shi2 si4 shu1 liu shih ssu shu rokujūshi sho |
The sixty-four classes of Indian writing or literature, Brahmi, Kharosthi, etc. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
六十四眼 see styles |
liù shí sì yǎn liu4 shi2 si4 yan3 liu shih ssu yen rokujūshi gen |
Eighteen lictors in the avīci hell each with sixty-four eyes. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
六欲四禪 六欲四禅 see styles |
liù yù sì chán liu4 yu4 si4 chan2 liu yü ssu ch`an liu yü ssu chan rokuyoku shizen |
the six heavens where sexual desire continues, and the four dhyāna heavens of purity above them free from such desire. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
六道四生 see styles |
liù dào sì shēng liu4 dao4 si4 sheng1 liu tao ssu sheng rokudoushishou / rokudoshisho ろくどうししょう |
{Buddh} (See 六道,四生) four kinds of birth in the six destinies The four modes of the six rebirths — womb, egg, moisture, or transformation. |
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六道四聖 六道四圣 see styles |
liù dào sì shèng liu4 dao4 si4 sheng4 liu tao ssu sheng rokudō shishō |
The six ways of rebirth, see above, and the four holy ways of rebirth, the latter being respectively into the realms of śrāvakas, pratyekabuddhas, bodhisattvas, and Buddhas; the ten are known as the 十界. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
兼但對帶 兼但对带 see styles |
jiān dàn duì dài jian1 dan4 dui4 dai4 chien tan tui tai ken tan tai tai |
The first four of the five periods of Buddha's teaching are also defined by Tiantai as: (1) 兼 Combined teaching; including 圓 and 別教 doctrine, the period of the Avataṃsaka Sutra. (2) 但 Sole; i.e. 藏 or Hīnayāna only, that of the agamas. (3) 對 Comparative; all four forms of doctrines being compared. 帶 Inclusive, that of the 般若 Prajñā, when the perfect teaching was revealed as the fulfilment of the rest. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
冶受皮陀 see styles |
yě shòu pí tuó ye3 shou4 pi2 tuo2 yeh shou p`i t`o yeh shou pi to Yajuhida |
Yajurveda, one of the four Vedas. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
初唐四傑 初唐四杰 see styles |
chū táng sì jié chu1 tang2 si4 jie2 ch`u t`ang ssu chieh chu tang ssu chieh |
the Four Great Poets of the Early Tang, namely Wang Bo 王勃[Wang2 Bo2], Yang Jiong 楊炯|杨炯[Yang2 Jiong3], Lu Zhaolin 盧照鄰|卢照邻[Lu2 Zhao4 lin2], and Luo Binwang 駱賓王|骆宾王[Luo4 Bin1 wang2] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
加減乗除 see styles |
kagenjoujo / kagenjojo かげんじょうじょ |
the four arithmetical operations (addition, subtraction, multiplication, division) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
加減乘除 加减乘除 see styles |
jiā jiǎn chéng chú jia1 jian3 cheng2 chu2 chia chien ch`eng ch`u chia chien cheng chu |
(idiom) addition, subtraction, multiplication and division: the four basic operations of arithmetic | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
動則有苦 动则有苦 see styles |
dòng zé yǒu kǔ dong4 ze2 you3 ku3 tung tse yu k`u tung tse yu ku dō soku u ku |
once there is movement there is suffering | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
勝義苦因 胜义苦因 see styles |
shèng yì kǔ yīn sheng4 yi4 ku3 yin1 sheng i k`u yin sheng i ku yin shōgi kuin |
supramundane causes of suffering | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
勤苦之本 see styles |
qín kǔ zhī běn qin2 ku3 zhi1 ben3 ch`in k`u chih pen chin ku chih pen gonku no moto |
the roots of suffering and distress | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
化儀四教 化仪四教 see styles |
huà yí sì jiào hua4 yi2 si4 jiao4 hua i ssu chiao kegi no shikyō |
four modes of teaching | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
化法四教 see styles |
huà fǎ sì jiào hua4 fa3 si4 jiao4 hua fa ssu chiao ke hō no shi kyō |
four types of content for teaching the dharma [accommodating the capacity of the audience] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
化相三寶 化相三宝 see styles |
huà xiàng sān bǎo hua4 xiang4 san1 bao3 hua hsiang san pao kesō sanbō |
The nirmāṇakāya Buddha in the triratna forms; in Hīnayāna these are the human 16-foot Buddha, his dharma as revealed in the four axioms and twelve nidānas, and his sangha, or disciples, i. e. arhats and pratyekabuddhas. |
Entries with 2nd row of characters: The 2nd row is Simplified Chinese.
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This page contains 100 results for "Four Noble Truths: - Suffering" in Chinese and/or Japanese.Information about this dictionary:
Apparently, we were the first ones who were crazy enough to think that western people might want a combined Chinese, Japanese, and Buddhist dictionary.
A lot of westerners can't tell the difference between Chinese and Japanese - and there is a reason for that. Chinese characters and even whole words were borrowed by Japan from the Chinese language in the 5th century. Much of the time, if a word or character is used in both languages, it will have the same or a similar meaning. However, this is not always true. Language evolves, and meanings independently change in each language.
Example: The Chinese character 湯 for soup (hot water) has come to mean bath (hot water) in Japanese. They have the same root meaning of "hot water", but a 湯屋 sign on a bathhouse in Japan would lead a Chinese person to think it was a "soup house" or a place to get a bowl of soup. See this: Japanese Bath House
This dictionary uses the EDICT and CC-CEDICT dictionary files.
EDICT data is the property of the Electronic Dictionary Research and Development Group, and is used in conformance with the Group's
license.
Chinese Buddhist terms come from Dictionary of Chinese Buddhist Terms by William Edward Soothill and Lewis Hodous. This is commonly referred to as "Soothill's'". It was first published in 1937 (and is now off copyright so we can use it here). Some of these definitions may be misleading, incomplete, or dated, but 95% of it is good information. Every professor who teaches Buddhism or Eastern Religion has a copy of this on their bookshelf. We incorporated these 16,850 entries into our dictionary database ourselves (it was lot of work).
Combined, these cover 1,007,753 Japanese, Chinese, and Buddhist characters, words, idioms, names, placenames, and short phrases.
Just because a word appears here does not mean it is appropriate for a tattoo, your business name, etc. Please consult a professional before doing anything stupid with this data.
We do offer Chinese and Japanese Tattoo Services. We'll also be happy to help you translate something for other purposes.
No warranty as to the correctness, potential vulgarity, or clarity is expressed or implied. We did not write any of these definitions (though we occasionally act as a contributor/editor to the CC-CEDICT project). You are using this dictionary for free, and you get what you pay for.
The following titles are just to help people who are searching for an Asian dictionary to find this page.