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Simple Dictionary Definition |
佛 see styles |
fú fu2 fu hotoke ほとけ |
More info & calligraphy: Buddhism / Buddha(surname) Hotoke Buddha, from budh to "be aware of", "conceive", "observe", "wake"; also 佛陀; 浮圖; 浮陀; 浮頭; 浮塔; 勃陀; 勃馱; 沒馱; 母馱; 母陀; 部陀; 休屠. Buddha means "completely conscious, enlightened", and came to mean the enlightener. he Chinese translation is 覺 to perceive, aware, awake; and 智 gnosis, knowledge. There is an Eternal Buddha, see e.g. the Lotus Sutra, cap. 16, and multitudes of Buddhas, but the personality of a Supreme Buddha, an Ādi-Buddha, is not defined. Buddha is in and through all things, and some schools are definitely Pan-Buddhist in the pantheistic sense. In the triratna 三寳 commonly known as 三寳佛, while Śākyamuni Buddha is the first "person" of the Trinity, his Law the second, and the Order the third, all three by some are accounted as manifestations of the All-Buddha. As Śākyamuni, the title indicates him as the last of the line of Buddhas who have appeared in this world, Maitreya is to be the next. As such he is the one who has achieved enlightenment, having discovered the essential evil of existence (some say mundane existence, others all existence), and the way of deliverance from the constant round of reincarnations; this way is through the moral life into nirvana, by means of self-abnegation, the monastic life, and meditation. By this method a Buddha, or enlightened one, himself obtains Supreme Enlightenment, or Omniscience, and according to Māhāyanism leads all beings into the same enlightenment. He sees things not as they seem in their phenomenal but in their noumenal aspects, as they really are. The term is also applied to those who understand the chain of causality (twelve nidānas) and have attained enlightenment surpassing that of the arhat. Four types of the Buddha are referred to: (1) 三藏佛the Buddha of the Tripiṭaka who attained enlightenment on the bare ground under the bodhi-tree; (2) 通佛the Buddha on the deva robe under the bodhi-tree of the seven precious things; (3) 別佛the Buddha on the great precious Lotus throne under the Lotus realm bodhi-tree; and (4) 圓佛the Buddha on the throne of Space in the realm of eternal rest and glory where he is Vairocana. The Hīnayāna only admits the existence of one Buddha at a time; Mahāyāna claims the existence of many Buddhas at one and the same time, as many Buddhas as there are Buddha-universes, which are infinite in number. |
来 see styles |
rei / re れい |
(prefix) (1) next (year, spring, etc.); coming; (suffix) (2) since (e.g. last month); for (e.g. 20 years); (surname) Rei |
べく see styles |
pegu ペグ |
(ksb:) last (on the list); (at the) bottom; (in) last position; tailender; (personal name) Pegg |
へへ see styles |
pepe ペペ |
(1) (child. language) (feminine speech) clothes; (2) (See へへ・2) female genitals; vagina; (3) calf; (4) (osb:) last (on the list); (at the) bottom; (in) last position; tailender; (given name) Pepe |
不朽 see styles |
bù xiǔ bu4 xiu3 pu hsiu fukyuu / fukyu ふきゅう |
More info & calligraphy: Immortal / Immortality(adj-no,n) everlasting; immortal; eternal; enduring; undying; imperishable; (given name) Fukyū |
光明 see styles |
guāng míng guang1 ming2 kuang ming kanmyon クァンミョン |
More info & calligraphy: Light / Bright and Promising Future(1) bright light; (2) hope; bright future; (3) {Buddh} light emanating from a buddha or bodhisattva, symbolizing their wisdom and compassion; (place-name) Gwangmyeong (South Korea) v. last entry. |
四諦 四谛 see styles |
sì dì si4 di4 ssu ti shitai したい |
More info & calligraphy: Four Noble Truths (Buddhism){Buddh} (See 苦集滅道) The Four Noble Truths catvāri-ārya-satyāni; 四聖諦; 四眞諦. The four dogmas, or noble truths, the primary and fundamental doctrines of Śākyamuni, said to approximate to the form of medical diagnosis. They are pain or 'suffering, its cause, its ending, the way thereto; that existence is suffering, that human passion (taṇhā, 欲 desire) is the cause of continued suffering, that by the destruction of human passion existence may be brought to an end; that by a life of holiness the destruction of human passion may be attained'. Childers. The four are 苦, 聚 (or 集), 滅, and 道諦, i. e. duḥkha 豆佉, samudaya 三牟提耶, nirodha 尼棲陀, and mārga 末加. Eitel interprets them (1) 'that 'misery' is a necessary attribute of sentient existence'; (2) that 'the 'accumulation' of misery is caused by the passions'; (3) that 'the 'extinction' of passion is possible; (4) mārga is 'the doctrine of the 'path' that leads to the extinction of passion'. (1) 苦 suffering is the lot of the 六趣 six states of existence; (2) 集 is the aggregation (or exacerbation) of suffering by reason of the passions; (3) 滅 is nirvana, the extinction of desire and its consequences, and the leaving of the sufferings of mortality as void and extinct; (4) 道 is the way of such extinction, i. e. the 八正道 eightfold correct way. The first two are considered to be related to this life, the last two to 出世間 a life outside or apart from the world. The four are described as the fundamental doctrines first preached to his five former ascetic companions. Those who accepted these truths were in the stage of śrāvaka. There is much dispute as to the meaning of 滅 'extinction' as to whether it means extinction of suffering, of passion, or of existence. The Nirvana Sutra 18 says that whoever accepts the four dogmas will put an end to births and deaths 若能見四諦則得斷生死 which does not of necessity mean the termination of existence but that of continued transmigration. v. 滅. |
地獄 地狱 see styles |
dì yù di4 yu4 ti yü jigoku じごく |
More info & calligraphy: Hell(1) {Buddh} hell realm; Naraka; (2) {Christn} Hell; (3) hell; misery; nightmare; inferno; (4) place where a volcano or hot springs constantly spew smoke or steam; (place-name) Jigoku naraka, 捺落迦 (or 那落迦) ; niraya 泥犂; explained by 不樂 joyless; 可厭 disgusting, hateful; 苦具, 苦器 means of suffering; if 地獄 earth-prison; 冥府 the shades, or departments of darkness. Earth-prison is generally intp. as hell or the hells; it may also be termed purgatory; one of the six gati or ways of transmigration. The hells are divided into three classes: I. Central, or radical, 根本地獄 consisting of (1) The eight hot hells. These were the original hells of primitive Buddhism, and are supposed to be located umder the southern continent Jambudvīpa 瞻部州, 500 yojanas below the surface. (a) 等活 or 更活 Saṃjīva, rebirth, where after many kinds of suffering a cold wind blows over the soul and returns it to this life as it was before, hence the name 等活. (b) 黑繩 Kaslasūtra, where the sufferer is bound with black chains and chopped or sawn asunder. (c) 線合; 衆合; 堆壓 Saṃghāta, where are multitudes of implements of torture, or the falling of mountains upon the sufferer. (d) 號呌; 呼呼; 叫喚 Raurava, hell of wailing. (e) 大呌; 大號呌; 大呼 Mahāraurava, hell of great wailing. (f) 炎熱; 燒炙 Tapana, hell of fames and burning. (g) 大熱; 大燒炙; 大炎熱 Pratāpana, hell of molten lead. (h) 無間; 河鼻旨; 阿惟越致; 阿毗至; 阿鼻; 阿毗 Avīci, unintermitted suffering, where sinners die and are reborn to suffer without interval. (2) The eight cold hells 八寒地獄. (a) 頞浮陀地獄 Arbuda, where the cold causes blisters. (b) 尼刺部陀 Nirarbuda, colder still causing the blisters to burst. (c) 頞哳吒; 阿吒吒 Atata, where this is the only possible sound from frozen lips. (d) 臛臛婆; 阿波波 Hahava or Apapa, where it is so cold that only this sound can be uttered. (e) 虎虎婆 Hāhādhara or Huhuva, where only this sound can be uttered. (f) 嗢鉢羅; 鬱鉢羅 (or 優鉢羅) Utpala, or 尼羅鳥 (or 漚) 鉢羅 Nīlotpala, where the skin is frozen like blue lotus buds. (g) 鉢特摩 Padma, where the skin is frozen and bursts open like red lotus buds. (h) 摩訶鉢特摩 Mahāpadma, ditto like great red lotus buds. Somewhat different names are also given. Cf. 倶舍論 8; 智度論 16; 涅槃經 11. II. The secondary hells are called 近邊地獄 adjacent hells or 十六遊增 each of its four sides, opening from each such door are four adjacent hells, in all sixteen; thus with the original eight there are 136. A list of eighteen hells is given in the 十八泥梨經. III. A third class is called the 孤地獄 (獨地獄) Lokāntarika, or isolated hells in mountains, deserts, below the earth and above it. Eitel says in regard to the eight hot hells that they range 'one beneath the other in tiers which begin at a depth of 11,900 yojanas and reach to a depth of 40,000 yojanas'. The cold hells are under 'the two Tchahavālas and range shaft-like one below the other, but so that this shaft is gradually widening to the fourth hell and then narrowing itself again so that the first and last hell have the shortest, those in the centre the longest diameter'. 'Every universe has the same number of hells, ' but 'the northern continent has no hell whatever, the two continents east and west of Meru have only small Lokāntarika hells... whilst all the other hells are required for the inhabitants of the southern continent '. It may be noted that the purpose of these hells is definitely punitive, as well as purgatorial. Yama is the judge and ruler, assisted by eighteen officers and a host of demons, who order or administer the various degrees of torture. 'His sister performs the same duties with regard to female criminals, ' and it may be mentioned that the Chinese have added the 血盆池 Lake of the bloody bath, or 'placenta tank' for women who die in childbirth. Release from the hells is in the power of the monks by tantric means. |
天使 see styles |
tiān shǐ tian1 shi3 t`ien shih tien shih yukari ゆかり |
More info & calligraphy: Angel / Messenger of Heaven(noun - becomes adjective with の) angel; (female given name) Yukari Divine messengers, especially those of Yama; also his 三天使 three messengers, or lictors— old age, sickness, death; and his 五天使 or 五大使, i. e. the last three together with rebirth and prisons or punishments on earth. |
持久 see styles |
chí jiǔ chi2 jiu3 ch`ih chiu chih chiu jikyuu / jikyu じきゅう |
More info & calligraphy: Endurance(noun/participle) endurance; persistence; (place-name) Jikyū |
正法 see styles |
zhèng fǎ zheng4 fa3 cheng fa masanori まさのり |
More info & calligraphy: Shobo(1) just law; (2) proper method; (3) {Buddh} the true teachings of Buddha; Period of the True Law; (given name) Masanori The correct doctrine of the Buddha, whose period was to last 500, some say 1, 000 years, be followed by the 像法時 semblance period of 1, 000 years, and then by the 末法時 period of decay and termination, lasting 10, 000 years. The 正法時 is also known as 正法壽. |
やっと see styles |
yatto やっと |
(adverb) (1) (onomatopoeic or mimetic word) at last; at length; (adverb) (2) (onomatopoeic or mimetic word) barely; narrowly; just; by the skin of one's teeth |
觀世音 观世音 see styles |
guān shì yīn guan1 shi4 yin1 kuan shih yin Kanzeon かんぜおん |
More info & calligraphy: Guan Shi Yin: Protector Of Life(out-dated kanji) Avalokiteshvara (Bodhisattva); Avalokitesvara; Kannon; Kwannon; Guanyin; Buddhist deity of compassion Regarder of the world's sounds, or cries, the so-called Goddess of Mercy; also known as 觀音; 觀世音善薩; 觀自在 (觀世自在); 觀尹; 光世音 (the last being the older form). Avalokiteśvara, v. 阿 8. Originally represented as a male, the images are now generally those of a female figure. The meaning of the term is in doubt; it is intp. as above, but the term 觀自在 (觀世自在) accords with the idea of Sovereign Regarder and is not associated with sounds or cries. Guanyin is one of the triad of Amida, is represented on his left, and is also represented as crowned with Amida; but there are as many as thirty-three different forms of Guanyin, sometimes with a bird, a vase, a willow wand, a pearl, a 'thousand' eyes and hands, etc., and, when as bestower of children, carrying a child. The island of Putuo (Potala) is the chief centre of Guanyin worship, where she is the protector of all in distress, especially of those who go to sea. There are many sūtras, etc., devoted to the cult, but its provenance and the date of its introduction to China are still in doubt. Chapter 25 of the Lotus Sūtra is devoted to Guanyin, and is the principal scripture of the cult; its date is uncertain. Guanyin is sometimes confounded with Amitābha and Maitreya. She is said to be the daughter of king Śubhavyūha 妙莊王, who had her killed by 'stifling because the sword of the executioner broke without hurting her. Her spirit went to hell; but hell changed into paradise. Yama sent her back to life to save his hell, when she was miraculously transported on a Lotus flower to the island of Poo-too'. Eitel. |
晦 see styles |
huì hui4 hui kai みそか |
(bound form) last day of a lunar month; (bound form) dark; gloomy; (literary) night last day of the month; (archaism) last day of the month The last day of the moon; night; dark, obscure; unlucky. |
下弦 see styles |
xià xián xia4 xian2 hsia hsien kagen かげん |
last quarter, aka third quarter (phase of the moon) (See 上弦) last quarter moon; third quarter moon; waning half-moon |
下旬 see styles |
xià xún xia4 xun2 hsia hsün gejun げじゅん |
last third of the month (See 上旬,中旬) last third of a month; 21st to the last day of a month |
前年 see styles |
qián nián qian2 nian2 ch`ien nien chien nien zennen ぜんねん |
the year before last (n,adv) the preceding year; the previous year; last year |
去年 see styles |
qù nián qu4 nian2 ch`ü nien chü nien kyonen(p); kozo(ok) きょねん(P); こぞ(ok) |
last year (n,adv) last year |
昨夜 see styles |
zuó yè zuo2 ye4 tso yeh sakuya さくや |
last night (n,adv) (less colloquial than ゆうべ) (See 昨夜・ゆうべ) last night; yesterday evening |
最後 最后 see styles |
zuì hòu zui4 hou4 tsui hou saigo さいご |
final; last; ultimate; finally; in the end (1) end; conclusion; (can be adjective with の) (2) last; final; latest; most recent; (expression) (3) (after -tara form, or -ta form followed by "ga") no sooner than; once; right after (often having negative consequences); (4) (archaism) (See 最期) one's final moments (最末後) The last of all, ultimate; final, finally, at death. |
末日 see styles |
mò rì mo4 ri4 mo jih matsujitsu まつじつ |
last day; end; final days; doomsday last day (of a month) |
末期 see styles |
mò qī mo4 qi1 mo ch`i mo chi matsugo まつご |
end (of a period); last part; final phase hour of death; one's last moments; end of one's life |
遺言 遗言 see styles |
yí yán yi2 yan2 i yen yuigon ゆいごん |
words of the deceased; last words of the dying; wisdom of past sages (n,vs,vt,vi) will; testament; one's dying wish; one's last words will |
海底撈月 海底捞月 see styles |
hǎi dǐ lāo yuè hai3 di3 lao1 yue4 hai ti lao yüeh haiteiraoyue / haiteraoyue ハイテイラオユエ |
see 水中撈月|水中捞月[shui3 zhong1 lao1 yue4]; (mahjong) to complete one's hand on the last draw of the round {mahj} haitei winning hand (chi: hǎidǐ-lāoyuè); winning on the last tile drawn from the wall |
卒 see styles |
zú zu2 tsu sosu そす |
soldier; servant; to finish; to die; finally; at last; pawn in Chinese chess (1) (hist) low-ranking soldier; (n-suf,n) (2) (abbreviation) (See 卒業・1) graduation; (n-suf,n-pref) (3) (abbreviation) (See 卒業・2) moving on (from); outgrowing (something); (4) (abbreviation) (hist) (See 卒族) low-ranking samurai (1870-1872); (5) (abbreviation) (See 卒去) death (of a noble, etc.); (given name) Sosu suddenly |
去 see styles |
qù qu4 ch`ü chü kyo |
to go; to go to (a place); (of a time etc) last; just passed; to send; to remove; to get rid of; to reduce; to be apart from in space or time; to die (euphemism); to play (a part); (when used either before or after a verb) to go in order to do something; (after a verb of motion indicates movement away from the speaker); (used after certain verbs to indicate detachment or separation) Go, go away; gone, past; depart, leave; to remove, dismiss; the 去 tone. |
大 see styles |
dài dai4 tai yutaka ゆたか |
see 大夫[dai4 fu5] (pref,adj-na,n) (1) large; big; great; huge; vast; major; important; serious; severe; (prefix) (2) great; prominent; eminent; distinguished; (suffix) (3) -sized; as big as; the size of; (suffix noun) (4) (abbreviation) (See 大学・1) university; (5) large (e.g. serving size); large option; (6) (abbreviation) (See 大の月) long month (i.e. having 31 days); (given name) Yutaka Maha. 摩訶; 麼賀. Great, large, big; all pervading, all-embracing; numerous 多; surpassing ; mysterious 妙; beyond comprehension 不可思議; omnipresent 體無不在. The elements, or essential things, i.e. (a) 三大 The three all-pervasive qualities of the 眞如 q.v. : its 體, 相 , 用 substance, form, and functions, v. 起信論 . (b) 四大 The four tanmātra or elements, earth, water, fire, air (or wind) of the 倶舍論. (c)五大 The five, i.e. the last four and space 空, v. 大日經. (d) 六大 The six elements, earth, water, fire, wind, space (or ether), mind 識. Hīnayāna, emphasizing impersonality 人空, considers these six as the elements of all sentient beings; Mahāyāna, emphasizing the unreality of all things 法空, counts them as elements, but fluid in a flowing stream of life, with mind 識 dominant; the esoteric sect emphasizing nonproduction, or non-creation, regards them as universal and as the Absolute in differentiation. (e) 七大 The 楞嚴經 adds 見 perception, to the six above named to cover the perceptions of the six organs 根. |
妺 see styles |
mò mo4 mo |
wife of the last ruler of the Xia dynasty |
季 see styles |
jì ji4 chi ri り |
season; the last month of a season; fourth or youngest amongst brothers; classifier for seasonal crop yields (1) season (in nature, sports, etc.); (2) seasonal word or phrase (in haiku); (3) (See 一季・2,半季・1) year; (surname) Ri |
孻 𡥧 see styles |
lái lai2 lai |
last |
尻 see styles |
kāo kao1 k`ao kao shiri しり ketsu けつ |
(literary) buttocks; rump; coccyx; sacrum (1) buttocks; behind; rump; bottom; (2) undersurface; bottom; (3) last place; end; (4) consequence; (1) (colloquialism) ass; arse; buttocks; (2) (colloquialism) rear; end |
尽 see styles |
jin じん |
(n,n-suf) (abbreviation) (See 尽日・じんじつ・2) last day (of the month); (given name) Jin |
愈 see styles |
yù yu4 yü masaru まさる |
the more...(the more...); to recover; to heal; better (adverb) (archaism) more and more; increasingly; (adverb) (1) (kana only) more and more; all the more; increasingly; (2) (kana only) at last; finally; beyond doubt; (3) (kana only) (at the) last moment; worst possible time; (given name) Masaru to heal |
捺 see styles |
nà na4 na natsu なつ |
to press down firmly; to suppress; right-falling stroke in Chinese characters (e.g. the last stroke of 大[da4]) (female given name) Natsu To press down; a pen-stroke to the right; translit. na. |
昨 see styles |
zuó zuo2 tso saku さく |
yesterday (prefix) last (year); yesterday |
期 see styles |
qī qi1 ch`i chi ki き |
a period of time; phase; stage; classifier for issues of a periodical, courses of study; time; term; period; to hope; Taiwan pr. [qi2] (1) time; moment; limit; (2) time of death; last moment; (3) (archaism) midnight in red-light districts during the Edo period; (surname) Ki A set time; a limit of time; times, seasons; to expect. |
楥 楦 see styles |
xuàn xuan4 hsüan |
(wooden) shoe last; variant of 楦[xuan4] |
爰 see styles |
yuán yuan2 yüan koko ここ |
therefore; consequently; thus; hence; thereupon; it follows that; where?; to change (into); ancient unit of weight and money (1) (kana only) here (place physically close to the speaker, place pointed by the speaker while explaining); this place; (2) these last (followed by a duration noun and a past sentence: time period before the present time of the speaker); (3) these next ... (followed by a duration noun and a non past sentence: time period after the present time of the speaker); the next ... |
磔 see styles |
zhé zhe2 che taku たく |
old term for the right-falling stroke in Chinese characters (e.g. the last stroke of 大[da4]), now called 捺[na4]; sound made by birds (onom.); (literary) to dismember (form of punishment); to spread (See 永字八法) eighth principle of the Eight Principles of Yong; stroke that falls rightwards and fattens at the bottom |
茲 兹 see styles |
zī zi1 tzu shigeru しげる |
(literary) this; (literary) now; (literary) year (1) (kana only) here (place physically close to the speaker, place pointed by the speaker while explaining); this place; (2) these last (followed by a duration noun and a past sentence: time period before the present time of the speaker); (3) these next ... (followed by a duration noun and a non past sentence: time period after the present time of the speaker); the next ...; (given name) Shigeru this |
藏 see styles |
zàng zang4 tsang kura くら |
storehouse; depository; Buddhist or Taoist scripture (surname) Kura Treasury, thesaurus, store, to hide; the Canon. An intp. of piṭaka, a basket, box, granary, collection of writings. The 二藏 twofold canon may be the sutras and the vinaya; or the Hīnayāna and Mahāyāna scriptures. The 三藏 or tripiṭaka consists of the sutras, vinaya, and śāstras (abhidharma). The 四藏 fourfold canon adds a miscellaneous collection. The 五藏 fivefold collection is sutras, vinaya, abhidharma, miscellaneous, and spells, or, instead of the spells, a bodhisattva collection. There is also an esoteric fivefold canon, the first three being the above, the last two being the prājñāpāramitā and the dhāraṇīs. |
裏 里 see styles |
lǐ li3 li urasaki うらさき |
variant of 裡|里[li3] (1) (ant: 表・おもて・1) opposite side; bottom; other side; side hidden from view; undersurface; reverse side; (2) rear; back; behind; (3) lining; inside; (4) in the shadows; behind the scenes; offstage; behind (someone's) back; (5) more (to something than meets the eye); hidden side (e.g. of one's personality); unknown circumstances; different side; (6) (See 裏付け) proof; (7) (See 裏をかく・1) opposite (of a prediction, common sense, etc.); contrary; (8) inverse (of a hypothesis, etc.); (9) {baseb} (ant: 表・おもて・7) bottom (of an inning); last half (of an inning); (surname) Urasaki back |
ＬＯ see styles |
eru oo; eruoo(sk) エル・オー; エルオー(sk) |
(abbreviation) (See ラストオーダー) last order; last call |
とべ see styles |
tobe とべ |
(slang) last (in a contest) |
七佛 see styles |
qī fó qi1 fo2 ch`i fo chi fo shichibutsu |
sapta Buddha. The seven ancient Buddhas, viz. Vipaśyin 毘婆尸, Śikhin 尸棄, Viśvabhū 毘舍婆, Krakucchanda 拘樓孫, Kanakamuni 倶那含牟尼 or 拘那含, Kāśyapa 迦葉, and Śākyamuni 釋迦. The last four are said to be of the present kalpa. |
七衆 七众 see styles |
qī zhòng qi1 zhong4 ch`i chung chi chung shichishu しちしゅ |
seven orders of Buddhist disciples (monks, nuns, probationary nuns, male novices, female novices, male lay devotees, female lay devotees) The seven classes of disciples:―(1)比丘 bhikṣu,monk;(2) bhikṣuṇī a female observer of all commandments; (3) 式叉摩那śikṣamāṇa, a novice, or observer of the six commandments; (4) 沙彌 śrāmaṇera, and (5) 沙彌尼 śrāmaṇerika, male and female observers of the minor commandments; (6) 優婆塞 upāsaka, male observers of the five commandments; and (7) 優婆夷upāsikā, female ditto. The first five have left home, the last two remain at home. Tiantai makes nine groups by dividing the last two into four, two remaining at home, two leaving home and keeping the eight commandments. Others make four groups, i.e. (1), (2), (6), and (7) of the above. Tiantai also has a four-group. |
三惑 see styles |
sān huò san1 huo4 san huo sanwaku; sannaku さんわく; さんなく |
{Buddh} three mental disturbances A Tiantai classification of the three delusions, also styled 三煩惱; 三漏; 三垢; 三結; trials or temptations, leakages, uncleannesses, and bonds. The first of the following three is common to all disciples, the two last to bodhisattvas. They arise from (a) 見, 思, 惑 things seen and thought, i.e. illusions from imperfect perception, with temptation to love, hate, etc.; to be rid of these false views and temptations is the discipline and nirvāṇa of ascetic or Hīnayāna Buddhists. Mahāyāna proceeds further in and by its bodhisattva aims, which produce their own difficulties, i.e. (b) 塵沙惑 illusion and temptation through the immense variety of duties in saving men; and (c) 無明惑 illusions and temptations that arise from failure philosophically to understand things in their reality. |
三想 see styles |
sān xiǎng san1 xiang3 san hsiang sansō |
The three evil thoughts are the last, desire, hate, malevolence; the three good thoughts are 怨想 thoughts of (love to) enemies, 親想 the same to family and friends, 中人想 the same to those who are neither enemies nor friends, i.e. to all; v. 智度論 72. |
三節 三节 see styles |
sān jié san1 jie2 san chieh sansetsu |
The three divisions of the 十二因緣 twelve nidānas, q.v.: (a) past, i.e. the first two; (b) present— the next eight; (c) future— the last two. |
三自 see styles |
sān zì san1 zi4 san tzu sanji |
abbr. for 三自愛國教會|三自爱国教会[San1 zi4 Ai4 guo2 Jiao4 hui4], Three-Self Patriotic Movement Three divisions of the eight-fold noble path, the first to the third 自調 self-control, the fourth and fifth 自淨 self-purification, the last three 自度 self-development in the religious life and in wisdom. Also 自體, 自相, 自用 substance, form, and function. |
三輩 三辈 see styles |
sān bèi san1 bei4 san pei sanpai |
The three ranks of those who reach the Pure Land of Amitābha: superior i.e. monks and nuns who become enlightened and devote themselves to invocation of the Buddha of boundless age; medium, i.e. laymen of similar character who do pious deeds; inferior, i.e. laymen less perfect than the last. |
上個 上个 see styles |
shàng ge shang4 ge5 shang ko |
first (of two parts); last (week etc); previous; the above |
上周 see styles |
shàng zhōu shang4 zhou1 shang chou |
last week |
上回 see styles |
shàng huí shang4 hui2 shang hui |
last time; the previous time |
上年 see styles |
shàng nián shang4 nian2 shang nien uetoshi うえとし |
last year (surname) Uetoshi |
上月 see styles |
shàng yuè shang4 yue4 shang yüeh joutsuki / jotsuki じょうつき |
last month (surname) Jōtsuki |
上次 see styles |
shàng cì shang4 ci4 shang tz`u shang tzu jouji / joji じょうじ |
last time (given name) Jōji |
上簇 see styles |
jouzoku / jozoku じょうぞく |
(noun/participle) spinning of cocoons; silkworm's last sleep; transformation to the pupa stage |
上蔟 see styles |
jouzoku / jozoku じょうぞく |
(noun/participle) spinning of cocoons; silkworm's last sleep; transformation to the pupa stage |
下句 see styles |
shimoku しもく |
(See 下の句) last part of a poem or Bible verse |
下周 see styles |
xià zhōu xia4 zhou1 hsia chou ge shū |
last round |
下巻 see styles |
shimomaki しもまき |
(See 上巻,中巻) second volume (in a two-volume set); third volume (in a three-volume set); last volume; (place-name) Shimomaki |
下浣 see styles |
xià huàn xia4 huan4 hsia huan |
last ten days of the lunar month |
両面 see styles |
ryanmen リャンメン |
{mahj} (See 両面待ち・リャンメンまち) double-sided wait (for one's last tile); wait for either of two different tiles to complete a chow which will finish one's hand |
中元 see styles |
zhōng yuán zhong1 yuan2 chung yüan nakamoto なかもと |
Ghost Festival on 15th day of 7th lunar month when offerings are made to the deceased (1) 15th day of the 7th lunar month; (last day of) Bon lantern festival; (2) (See お中元) mid-year gift; summer gift; Bon Festival gifts; (surname) Nakamoto The fifteenth of the seventh moon; see 孟蘭盆. |
久仰 see styles |
jiǔ yǎng jiu3 yang3 chiu yang |
honorific: I've long looked forward to meeting you.; It's an honor to meet you at last. |
久慕 see styles |
jiǔ mù jiu3 mu4 chiu mu |
lit. I've admired you for a long time (honorific).; I've been looking forward to meeting you.; It's an honor to meet you at last. |
久違 久违 see styles |
jiǔ wéi jiu3 wei2 chiu wei |
(haven't done something) for a long time; a long time since we last met |
乙子 see styles |
otogo おとご |
last child; (place-name, surname) Otogo |
九地 see styles |
jiǔ dì jiu3 di4 chiu ti kuji くじ |
very low land; (surname) Kuji The nine lands, i.e. the 欲界 realm of desire or sensuous realm the four 色界 realms of form or material forms; and the four 無色界 formless realms, or realms beyond form; v. 九有, 九有情居, 禪 and 定. The nine realms are:—(1) 欲界五趣地; the desire realm with its five gati, i.e. hells, hungry ghosts, animals, men, and devas. In the four form-realms are:— (2) 離生喜樂地 Paradise after earthly life, this is also the first dhyāna, or subject of meditation, 初禪. (3) 定生喜樂地 Paradise of cessation of rebirth, 二禪. (4) 離喜妙樂地 Land of wondrous joy after the previous joys, 三禪. (5) 捨念淸淨地 The Pure Land of abandonment of thought, or recollection (of past delights), 四禪. The four formless, or infinite realms, catur arūpa dhātu, are:—(6) 空無邊處地 ākāśānantyā-yatanam, the land of infinite space; also the first samādhi, 第一定. (7) 識無邊處地 vijñānānamtyāyatanam, the land of omniscience, or infinite perception, 二定. (8) 無所有處地 ākiñcanyāyatana, the land of nothingness, 三定. (9) 非想非非想處地 naivasaṁjñānā-saṁjñāyatana, the land (of knowledge) without thinking or not thinking, or where there is neither consciousness nor unconsciousness, i.e. above either; this is the 四定. Eitel says that in the last four, "Life lasts 20,000 great kalpas in the 1st, 40,000 in the 2nd, 60,000 in the 3rd, and 80,000 great kalpas in the 4th of these heavens." |
九識 九识 see styles |
jiǔ shì jiu3 shi4 chiu shih kumi くみ |
(female given name) Kumi The kinds of cognition or consciousness (vijñāna); those of sight, hearing, smell, taste, touch, mind, mānas (or阿陁那識 ādāna), i.e. mental perception; 阿賴耶 ālāya, bodhi-consciousness, and 阿摩羅識 amala, purified or Buddha-consciousness. There is considerable difference as to the meaning of the last three. |
二教 see styles |
èr jiào er4 jiao4 erh chiao nikyō |
Dual division of the Buddha's teaching. There are various definitions: (1) Tiantai has (a) 顯教 exoteric or public teaching to the visible audience, and (b) 密教 at the same time esoteric teaching to an audience invisible to the other assembly. (2) The 眞言 Shingon School by "exoteric" means all the Buddha's preaching, save that of the 大日經 which it counts esoteric. (3) (a) 漸教 and (b) 頓教 graduated and immediate teaching, terms with various uses, e.g. salvation by works Hīnayāna, and by faith, Mahāyāna, etc.; they are applied to the Buddha's method, to the receptivity of hearers and to the teaching itself. (4) Tiantai has (a) 界内教 and (b) 界外教 teachings relating to the 三界 or realms of mortality and teachings relating to immortal realms. (5) (a) 半字教 and (b) 滿字教 Terms used in the Nirvāṇa sūtra, meaning incomplete word, or letter, teaching and complete word teaching, i.e. partial and complete, likened to Hīnayāna and Mahāyāna. (6) (a) 捃收教 and (b) 扶律談常教 of the Nirvāṇa sūtra, (a) completing those who failed to hear the Lotus; (b) "supporting the law, while discoursing on immortality," i.e. that the keeping of the law is also necessary to salvation. (7) Tiantai's division of (a) 偏教 and (b) 圓教 the partial teaching of the 藏, 通, and schools as contrasted with the perfect teaching of the 圓 school. (8) Tiantai's division of (a) 構教 and (6) 實教 temporary and permanent, similar to the last two. (9) (a) 世間教 The ordinary teaching of a moral life here; (b) 出世間教 the teaching of Buddha-truth of other-worldly happiness in escape from mortality. (10) (a) 了義教 the Mahāyāna perfect or complete teaching, and (b) 不了義教 Hīnayāna incompleteness. (11) The Huayan division of (a) 屈曲教 indirect or uneven teaching as in the Lotus and Nirvāṇa sūtras, and (b) 平道教 direct or levelled up teaching as in the Huayan sūtra. (12) The Huayan division of (a) 化教 all the Buddha's teaching for conversion and general instruction, and (b) 制教 his rules and commandments for the control and development of his order. |
五法 see styles |
wǔ fǎ wu3 fa3 wu fa gohō |
pañcadharma. The five laws or categories, of which four groups are as follows: I. 相名五法 The five categories of form and name: (1) 相 appearances, or phenomena; (2) 名 their names; (3) 分別 sometimes called 妄想 ordinary mental discrimination of them— (1) and (2) are objective, (3) subjective; (4) 正智 corrective wisdom, which corrects the deficiencies and errors of the last: (5) 如如 the 眞如 Bhutatathata or absolute wisdom, reached through the 如理智 understanding of the law of the absolute, or ultimate truth. II. 事理五法 The five categories into which things and their principles are divided: (1) 心法 mind; (2) 心所法 mental conditions or activities; (3) 色法 the actual states or categories as conceived; (4) 不相應法 hypothetic categories, 唯識 has twenty-four, the Abhidharma fourteen; (5) 無爲法 the state of rest, or the inactive principle pervading all things; the first four are the 事 and the last the 理. III. 理智五法 cf. 五智; the five categories of essential wisdom: (1) 眞如 the absolute; (2) 大圓鏡智 wisdom as the great perfect mirror reflecting all things; (3) 平等性智 wisdom of the equal Buddha nature of all beings; (4) 妙觀察智 wisdom of mystic insight into all things and removal of ignorance and doubt; (5) 成所作智 wisdom perfect in action and bringing blessing to self and others. IV. 提婆五法 The five obnoxious rules of Devadatta: not to take milk in any form, nor meat, nor salt; to wear unshaped garments, and to live apart. Another set is: to wear cast-off rags, beg food, have only one set meal a day, dwell in the open, and abstain from all kinds of flesh, milk, etc. |
五逆 see styles |
wǔ nì wu3 ni4 wu ni gogyaku ごぎゃく |
(1) {Buddh} five cardinal sins (killing one's father, killing one's mother, killing an arhat, shedding the blood of a Buddha, causing a schism within the sangha); (2) (hist) crime of killing one's master, father, grandfather, mother, or grandmother pañcānantarya; 五無間業 The five rebellious acts or deadly sins, parricide, matricide, killing an arhat, shedding the blood of a Buddha, destroying the harmony of the sangha, or fraternity. The above definition is common both to Hīnayāna and Mahāyāna. The lightest of these sins is the first; the heaviest the last. II. Another group is: (1) sacrilege, such as destroying temples, burning sutras, stealing a Buddha's or a monk's things, inducing others to do so, or taking pleasure therein; (2) slander, or abuse of the teaching of śrāvaka s, pratyekabuddhas, or bodhisattvas; (3) ill-treatment or killing of a monk; (4) any one of the five deadly sins given above; (5) denial of the karma consequences of ill deeds, acting or teaching others accordingly, and unceasing evil life. III. There are also five deadly sins, each of which is equal to each of the first set of five: (1) violation of a mother, or a fully ordained nun; (2) killing a bodhisattva in a sangha; (5) destroying a Buddha's stūpa. IV. The five unpardonable sin of Devadatta who (1) destroyed the harmony of the community; (2) injured Śākyamuni with a stone, shedding his blood; (3) induced the king to let loose a rutting elephant to trample down Śākyamuni; (4) killed a nun; (5) put poison on his finger-nails and saluted Śākyamuni intending to destroy him thereby. |
井華 井华 see styles |
jǐng huā jing3 hua1 ching hua shōka |
The flower of the water, i. e. that drawn from the well in the last watch of the night, at which time the water is supposed not to produce animal life. |
今や see styles |
imaya いまや |
(adverb) now (esp. in contrast to the past); now at last; at present; right now |
今冬 see styles |
kontou / konto こんとう |
(n,adv) this winter; next winter; last winter |
今夏 see styles |
konka こんか |
(n,adv) this summer; next summer; last summer |
伝家 see styles |
denka でんか |
heirloom; trump card; last resort; family tradition |
作擧 作举 see styles |
zuò jǔ zuo4 ju3 tso chü sako |
The accusation of sin made against particular monks by the virtuous monk who presides at the pravāraṇa gathering on the last day of the summer's rest. |
保つ see styles |
tamotsu(p); motsu(ik) たもつ(P); もつ(ik) |
(transitive verb) (1) to keep; to preserve; to hold; to retain; to maintain; to sustain; (v5t,vi) (2) to last; to endure; to keep well (food term); to wear well; to be durable |
健陀 see styles |
jiàn tuó jian4 tuo2 chien t`o chien to kenda |
健杜; 健達 gandha, smell, scent; a tree producing incense; the first and last also mean (as do 乾陀 and 乾馱) kaṣāya, a colour composed of red and yellow, the monk's robe, but the sounds agree better with kanthā, the patch-robe. Also used for skandha, v. 塞建陀, the five constituents; also for gandharvas, v. 乾闥婆. |
先回 see styles |
senkai せんかい |
(adj-no,n,adv) last time; the last; the preceding |
先後 先后 see styles |
xiān hòu xian1 hou4 hsien hou matsunochi まつのち |
early or late; first and last; priority; in succession; one after another (1) before and after; earlier and later; order; sequence; (n,vs,vi) (2) occurring almost simultaneously; inversion (of order); (3) (abbreviation) {shogi} (from 先手後手) black and white; (place-name) Matsunochi before and after |
先月 see styles |
sengetsu せんげつ |
(n,adv) last month |
先週 see styles |
senshuu / senshu せんしゅう |
(n,adv) last week; the week before |
八戒 see styles |
bā jiè ba1 jie4 pa chieh hakkai; hachikai はっかい; はちかい |
the eight precepts (Buddhism) {Buddh} (See 五戒) the eight precepts (the five precepts with the addition of prohibitions against lying in a luxurious bed, self-decoration, song and dance, and eating after noon) (八戒齋) The first eight of the ten commandments, see 戒; not to kill; not to take things not given; no ignoble (i.e. sexual) conduct; not to speak falsely; not to drink wine; not to indulge in cosmetics, personal adornments, dancing, or music; not to sleep on fine beds, but on a mat on the ground; and not to eat out of regulation hours, i.e. after noon. Another group divides the sixth into two―against cosmetics and adornments and against dancing and music; the first eight are then called the eight prohibitory commands and the last the 齋 or fasting commandment. Also 八齋戒; 八關齋 (八支齋) ; cf. 八種勝法. |
八識 八识 see styles |
bā shì ba1 shi4 pa shih hasshiki; hachishiki はっしき; はちしき |
{Buddh} eight consciousnesses (one for each of the five senses, consciousness of the mind, self-consciousness and store consciousness) The eight parijñāna, or kinds of cognition, perception, or consciousness. They are the five senses of cakṣur-vijñāna, śrotra-v., ghrāna-v., jihvā-v., and kāya-v., i.e. seeing, hearing, smelling, tasting, and touch. The sixth is mano-vijñāna, the mental sense, or intellect, v. 末那. It is defined as 意 mentality, apprehension, or by some as will. The seventh is styled kliṣṭa-mano-vijñāna 末那識 discriminated from the last as 思量 pondering, calculating; it is the discriminating and constructive sense, more than the intellectually perceptive; as infected by the ālaya-vijñāna., or receiving "seeds" from it, it is considered as the cause of all egoism and individualizing, i.e. of men and things, therefore of all illusion arising from assuming the seeming as the real. The eighth is the ālaya-vijñāna, 阿頼耶識 which is the storehouse, or basis from which come all "seeds"of consciousness. The seventh is also defined as the ādāna 阿陀那識 or "laying hold of" or "holding on to" consciousness. |
六宗 see styles |
liù zōng liu4 zong1 liu tsung rokumune ろくむね |
(surname) Rokumune The six schools, i. e. 三論宗; 法相宗; 華嚴宗; 律宗; 成實宗, and 倶舍宗 q. v.; the last two are styled Hīnayāna schools. Mahāyāna in Japan puts in place of them 天台宗 and 眞言宗 Tendai and Shingon. |
六度 see styles |
liù dù liu4 du4 liu tu rokudo ろくど |
(surname) Rokudo The six things that ferry one beyond the sea of mortality to nirvana, i. e. the six pāramitās 波羅蜜 (波羅蜜多): (1) 布施 dāna, charity, or giving, including the bestowing of the truth on others; (2) 持戒 śīla, keeping the command rents; (3) 忍辱 kṣānti, patience under insult; (4) 精進 vīrya, zeal and progress; (5) 闡定 dhyāna, meditation or contemplation; (6) 智慧 prajñā; wisdom, the power to discern reality or truth. It is the last that carries across the saṃsāra (sea of incarnate life) to the shores of nirvana. The opposites of these virtues are meanness, wickedness, anger, sloth, a distracted mind, and ignorance. The 唯識論 adds four other pāramitās: (7) 方便 upāya, the use of appropriate means; (8) 願 praṇidhāna, pious vows; (9) 力 bala, power of fulfillment; (10) 智 jñāna knowledge. |
六麤 六粗 see styles |
liù cū liu4 cu1 liu ts`u liu tsu rokuso |
The six 'coarser' stages arising from the 三細 or three finer stages which in turn are produced by original 無明, the unenlightened condition of ignorance; v. Awakening of Faith 起信論. They are the states of (1) 智相 knowledge or consciousness of like and dislike arising from mental conditions; (2) 相續相 consciousness of pain and pleasure resulting from the first, causing continuous responsive memory; (3) 執取相 attachment or clinging, arising from the last; (4) 計名字相 assigning names according to the seeming and unreal with fixation of ideas); (5) 起業 the consequent activity with all the variety of deeds; (6) 業繋苦相 the suffering resulting from being tied to deeds and their karma consequences. |
出殯 出殡 see styles |
chū bìn chu1 bin4 ch`u pin chu pin |
to accompany a deceased person to his last resting place; to hold a funeral |
初後 初后 see styles |
chū hòu chu1 hou4 ch`u hou chu hou sho go |
first and last |
到了 see styles |
dào liǎo dao4 liao3 tao liao |
at last; finally; in the end |
到底 see styles |
dào dǐ dao4 di3 tao ti toutei / tote とうてい |
finally; in the end; when all is said and done; after all; to the end; to the last (adverb) (kana only) (with neg. sentence) (cannot) possibly; (not) by any means; (not) at all; utterly; absolutely |
到頭 到头 see styles |
dào tóu dao4 tou2 tao t`ou tao tou toutou / toto とうとう |
to the end (of); at the end of; in the end; to come to an end (adverb) (kana only) finally; at last; ultimately; in the end At the end, when the end is reached. |
前便 see styles |
zenbin ぜんびん |
one's previous letter; one's last letter |
前号 see styles |
zengou / zengo ぜんごう |
(1) preceding issue (of a magazine, etc.); last issue; (2) preceding item (in a legal text) |
前回 see styles |
zenkai ぜんかい |
(n,adv) previous time; last time; previous installment; previous instalment; previous session |
前夜 see styles |
qián yè qian2 ye4 ch`ien yeh chien yeh zenya ぜんや |
the eve; the night before (n,adv) (1) last night; the previous night; (n,adv) (2) night before (Christmas, etc.); eve (of festival, major event, etc.) |
Entries with 2nd row of characters: The 2nd row is Simplified Chinese.
This page contains 100 results for "Last" in Chinese and/or Japanese.Information about this dictionary:
Apparently, we were the first ones who were crazy enough to think that western people might want a combined Chinese, Japanese, and Buddhist dictionary.
A lot of westerners can't tell the difference between Chinese and Japanese - and there is a reason for that. Chinese characters and even whole words were borrowed by Japan from the Chinese language in the 5th century. Much of the time, if a word or character is used in both languages, it will have the same or a similar meaning. However, this is not always true. Language evolves, and meanings independently change in each language.
Example: The Chinese character 湯 for soup (hot water) has come to mean bath (hot water) in Japanese. They have the same root meaning of "hot water", but a 湯屋 sign on a bathhouse in Japan would lead a Chinese person to think it was a "soup house" or a place to get a bowl of soup. See this: Japanese Bath House
This dictionary uses the EDICT and CC-CEDICT dictionary files.
EDICT data is the property of the Electronic Dictionary Research and Development Group, and is used in conformance with the Group's
license.
Chinese Buddhist terms come from Dictionary of Chinese Buddhist Terms by William Edward Soothill and Lewis Hodous. This is commonly referred to as "Soothill's'". It was first published in 1937 (and is now off copyright so we can use it here). Some of these definitions may be misleading, incomplete, or dated, but 95% of it is good information. Every professor who teaches Buddhism or Eastern Religion has a copy of this on their bookshelf. We incorporated these 16,850 entries into our dictionary database ourselves (it was lot of work).
Combined, these cover 1,007,753 Japanese, Chinese, and Buddhist characters, words, idioms, names, placenames, and short phrases.
Just because a word appears here does not mean it is appropriate for a tattoo, your business name, etc. Please consult a professional before doing anything stupid with this data.
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No warranty as to the correctness, potential vulgarity, or clarity is expressed or implied. We did not write any of these definitions (though we occasionally act as a contributor/editor to the CC-CEDICT project). You are using this dictionary for free, and you get what you pay for.
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