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12>| Characters | Pronunciation Romanization |
Simple Dictionary Definition |
僧 see styles |
sēng seng1 seng sou / so そう |
More info & calligraphy: Sangha / Order of Monks(1) monk; priest; (2) (abbreviation) (See 僧伽・そうぎゃ) sangha (the Buddhist community); (surname) Sou 僧伽 saṅgha, an assembly, collection, company, society. The corporate assembly of at least three (formerly four) monks under a chairman, empowered to hear confession, grant absolution, and ordain. The church or monastic order, the third member of the triratna. The term 僧 used alone has come to mean a monk, or monks in general. Also僧佉, 僧加, 僧企耶.; A fully ordained monk, i.e. a bhikṣu as contrasted with the śramaņa. |
聖 圣 see styles |
shèng sheng4 sheng hijiri ひじり |
More info & calligraphy: The Saint(1) highly virtuous monk; (2) (honorific or respectful language) monk; (3) Buddhist solitary; (4) (See 高野聖・1) Buddhist missionary; (5) saint (i.e. a virtuous person); (6) (archaism) (honorific or respectful language) emperor; (7) (in form 〜の聖) master; expert; (female given name) Mina ārya; sādhu; a sage; wise and good; upright, or correct in all his character; sacred, holy, saintly. |
僧伽 see styles |
sēng qié seng1 qie2 seng ch`ieh seng chieh sougya / sogya そうぎゃ |
More info & calligraphy: Sanghasangha (the Buddhist community) (san: samgha) (Skt. saṃgha) |
僧侶 僧侣 see styles |
sēng lǚ seng1 lu:3 seng lü souryo / soryo そうりょ |
More info & calligraphy: Buddhist Monk{Buddh} priest; monk; bonze Monastic companions, or company. |
道士 see styles |
dào shì dao4 shi4 tao shih doushi / doshi どうし |
More info & calligraphy: Taoist / Daoist(1) Taoist; (2) person of high morals; (3) Buddhist monk; (4) immortal mountain wizard; Taoist immortal; (personal name) Michishi A Taoist (hermit), also applied to Buddhists, and to Śākyamuni. |
俗 see styles |
sú su2 su zoku(p); shoku(ok) ぞく(P); しょく(ok) |
custom; convention; popular; common; coarse; vulgar; secular (1) layman (esp. as opposed to a Buddhist monk); laity; man of the world; the world; (2) local manners; modern customs; (adj-na,adj-no) (3) common; popular; (adj-na,adj-no) (4) (ant: 雅・が・1) vulgar; low common, ordinary, usual, vulgar. |
師 师 see styles |
shī shi1 shih shi し |
teacher; master; expert; model; army division; (old) troops; to dispatch troops (1) teacher; master; mentor; (n,suf) (2) religious leader; (suffix) (3) specialist; (4) (hist) five-battalion brigade comprising 2500 men (Zhou dynasty Chinese army); (surname) Morosaki A host, army; a leader, preceptor, teacher, model; tr. of upādhyāya, an 'under-teacher', generally intp. as a Buddhist monk. |
戒 see styles |
jiè jie4 chieh kai; ingoto(ok) かい; いんごと(ok) |
to guard against; to exhort; to admonish or warn; to give up or stop doing something; Buddhist monastic discipline; ring (for a finger) (1) (かい only) {Buddh} admonition; commandment; (2) sila (precept) śīla, 尸羅. Precept, command, prohibition, discipline, rule; morality. It is applied to the five, eight, ten, 250, and other commandments. The five are: (1) not to kill; (2 ) not to steal; (3) not to commit adultery; (4) not to speak falsely; (5) not to drink wine. These are the commands for lay disciples; those who observe them will be reborn in the human realm. The Sarvāstivādins did not sanction the observance of a limited selection from them as did the 成實宗 Satyasiddhi school. Each of the five precepts has five guardian spirits, in all twenty-five, 五戒二十五神. The eight for lay disciples are the above five together with Nos. 7, 8, and 9 of the following; the ten commands for the ordained, monks and nuns, are the above five with the following: (6) not to use adornments of flowers, nor perfumes; (7) not to perform as an actor, juggler, acrobat, or go to watch and hear them; (8) not to sit on elevated, broad, and large divans (or beds); (9) not to eat except in regulation hours; (10) not to possess money, gold or silver, or precious things. The 具足戒full commands for a monk number 250, those for a nun are 348, commonly called 500. Śīla is also the first of the 五分法身, i.e. a condition above all moral error. The Sutra of Brahma's Net has the following after the first five: (6) not to speak of the sins of those in orders; (7) not to vaunt self and depreciate others; (8) not to be avaricious; (9) not to be angry; (10) not to slander the triratna. |
衹 只 see styles |
qí qi2 ch`i chi |
robe of a Buddhist monk or nun See: 只 |
齋 斋 see styles |
zhāi zhai1 chai hitoshi ひとし |
to fast or abstain from meat, wine etc; vegetarian diet; study room; building; to give alms (to a monk) (surname) Hitoshi To reverence: abstinence; to purify as by fasting, or abstaining, e.g. from flesh food; religious or abstinential duties, or times; upavasatha (uposatha), a fast; the ritual period for food, i.e. before noon; a room for meditation, a study, a building, etc., devoted to abstinence, chastity, or the Buddhist religion; mourning (for parents). |
龕 龛 see styles |
kān kan1 k`an kan gan がん |
(bound form) niche; shrine (1) niche for a Buddhist image; alcove; (2) (See 厨子・1) miniature shrine for a Buddhist image; (3) portable shrine used to move a deceased person from their house to the graveyard (in Okinawa) A shrine; a cabinet, box; a coffin (for a monk); to contain. |
七衆 七众 see styles |
qī zhòng qi1 zhong4 ch`i chung chi chung shichishu しちしゅ |
seven orders of Buddhist disciples (monks, nuns, probationary nuns, male novices, female novices, male lay devotees, female lay devotees) The seven classes of disciples:―(1)比丘 bhikṣu,monk;(2) bhikṣuṇī a female observer of all commandments; (3) 式叉摩那śikṣamāṇa, a novice, or observer of the six commandments; (4) 沙彌 śrāmaṇera, and (5) 沙彌尼 śrāmaṇerika, male and female observers of the minor commandments; (6) 優婆塞 upāsaka, male observers of the five commandments; and (7) 優婆夷upāsikā, female ditto. The first five have left home, the last two remain at home. Tiantai makes nine groups by dividing the last two into four, two remaining at home, two leaving home and keeping the eight commandments. Others make four groups, i.e. (1), (2), (6), and (7) of the above. Tiantai also has a four-group. |
上座 see styles |
shàng zuò shang4 zuo4 shang tso kamiza; jouza / kamiza; joza かみざ; じょうざ |
seat of honor (n,vs,adj-no) chief seat; seat of honor; seat of honour; head of the table; (place-name) Jōza Sthavira; or Mahāsthavira. Old man, or elder; head monk, president, or abbot; the first Buddhist fathers; a title of Mahākāśyapa; also of monks of twenty to forty-nine years standing, as 中座 are from ten to nineteen and 下座 under ten. The 釋氏要覽 divides presiding elders into four classes, those presiding over monasteries, over assemblies of monks, over sects, and laymen presiding over feasts to monks. |
乞士 see styles |
qǐ shì qi3 shi4 ch`i shih chi shih kosshi こっし |
(rare) (See 比丘) bhikkhu (fully ordained Buddhist monk) A bhikṣu, mendicant monk, or almsman. |
仏図 see styles |
futo ふと |
(1) Buddha; (2) stupa; (3) Buddhist temple; (4) Buddhist monk |
伴僧 see styles |
bàn sēng ban4 seng1 pan seng bansou / banso ばんそう |
priests assisting at a Buddhist service half-monk |
住持 see styles |
zhù chí zhu4 chi2 chu ch`ih chu chih juuji / juji じゅうじ |
to administer a monastery Buddhist or Daoist; abbot; head monk (noun/participle) chief priest of temple To dwell and control; the abbot of a monastery; resident superintendent; to maintain, or firmly hold to (faith in the Buddha, etc.). For住持身 v. 佛具十身. |
供僧 see styles |
gusou / guso ぐそう |
(1) (abbreviation) (See 供奉僧・1) monk who attends to the principal image of a temple; (2) Buddhist monk serving at an attached Shinto shrine |
僧綱 僧纲 see styles |
sēng gāng seng1 gang1 seng kang sougou / sogo そうごう |
(hist) Office of Monastic Affairs (ancient Buddhist ecclesiastical authority) superintendent monk |
公請 see styles |
kujou / kujo くじょう |
(archaism) being called upon to give a Buddhist service (or lecture, etc.) at the Imperial Court; monk called upon to give a Buddhist service (or lecture, etc.) at the Imperial Court |
凝然 see styles |
níng rán ning2 ran2 ning jan gyouzen / gyozen ぎょうぜん |
(adv-to,adj-t) stock-still; motionless; frozen in place; (person) Gyōnen (1240-1321) (Buddhist monk) firmly |
剃度 see styles |
tì dù ti4 du4 t`i tu ti tu |
to take the tonsure; to shave the head; tonsure (shaved head of Buddhist monk) |
募化 see styles |
mù huà mu4 hua4 mu hua boke |
(of a Buddhist monk or Taoist priest) to collect alms to collect alms |
和尚 see styles |
hé shang he2 shang5 ho shang wajou / wajo わじょう |
Buddhist monk (1) (honorific or respectful language) preceptor or high priest (in Shingon, Hosso, Ritsu or Shin Buddhism); (2) second highest priestly rank in Buddhism; (3) master (of one's art, trade, etc.); (1) (honorific or respectful language) preceptor or high priest (in Tendai or Kegon Buddhism); (2) second highest priestly rank in Buddhism; (3) monk (esp. the head monk of a temple); (4) master (of one's art, trade, etc.); (1) (honorific or respectful language) preceptor or high priest (esp. in Zen or Pure Land Buddhism); (2) second highest priestly rank in Buddhism; (3) monk (esp. the head monk of a temple); (4) master (of one's art, trade, etc.); (personal name) Wajō A general term for a monk. It is said to be derived from Khotan in the form of 和闍 or 和社 (or 烏社) which might be a translit. of vandya (Tibetan and Khotani ban-de), 'reverend.' Later it took the form of 和尚 or 和上. The 律宗 use 和上, others generally 和尚. The Sanskrit term used in its interpretation is 鳥波陀耶 upādhyāya, a 'sub-teacher' of the Vedas, inferior to an ācārya; this is intp. as 力生 strong in producing (knowledge), or in begetting strength in his disciples; also by 知有罪知無罪 a discerner of sin from not-sin, or the sinful from the not-sinful. It has been used as a synonym for 法師 a teacher of doctrine, in distinction from 律師 a teacher of the vinaya, also from 禪師 a teacher of the Intuitive school. |
唐僧 see styles |
táng sēng tang2 seng1 t`ang seng tang seng |
Xuanzang (602-664) Tang dynasty Buddhist monk and translator, who traveled to India 629-645 |
圓瑛 圆瑛 see styles |
yuán yīng yuan2 ying1 yüan ying |
Yuan Ying (1878-1953), Buddhist monk |
地藏 see styles |
dì zàng di4 zang4 ti tsang jizou / jizo じぞう |
Kṣitigarbha, the Bodhisattva of the Great Vow (to save all souls before accepting Bodhi); also translated Earth Treasury, Earth Womb, or Earth Store Bodhisattva (surname) Jizou Ti-tsang, J. Jizō, Kṣitigarbha, 乞叉底蘗沙; Earth-store, Earth-treasury, or Earthwomb. One of the group of eight Dhvani- Bodhisattvas. With hints of a feminine origin, he is now the guardian of the earth. Though associated with Yama as overlord, and with the dead and the hells, his role is that of saviour. Depicted with the alarum staff with its six rings, he is accredited with power over the hells and is devoted to the saving of all creatures between the nirvana of Śākyamuni and the advent of Maitreya the fifth century he has been especially considered as the deliverer from the hells. His central place in China is at Chiu-hua-shan, forty li south-west of Ch'ing-yang in Anhui. In Japan he is also the protector of travellers by land and his image accordingly appears on the roads; bereaved parents put stones by his images to seek his aid in relieving the labours of their dead in the task of piling stones on the banks of the Buddhist Styx; he also helps women in labour. He is described as holding a place between the gods and men on the one hand and the hells on the other for saving all in distress; some say he is an incarnation of Yama. At dawn he sits immobile on the earth 地 and meditates on the myriads of its beings 藏. When represented as a monk, it may be through the influence of a Korean monk who is considered to be his incarnation, and who came to China in 653 and died in 728 at the age of 99 after residing at Chiu-hua-shan for seventy-five years: his body, not decaying, is said to have been gilded over and became an object of worship. Many have confused 眞羅 part of Korea with 暹羅 Siam. There are other developments of Ti-tsang, such as the 六地藏 Six Ti-tsang, i. e. severally converting or transforming those in the hells, pretas, animals, asuras, men, and the devas; these six Ti-tsang have different images and symbols. Ti-tsang has also six messengers 六使者: Yama for transforming those in hell; the pearl-holder for pretas; the strong one or animals; the devīof mercy for asuras; the devī of the treasure for human beings; one who has charge of the heavens for the devas. There is also the 延命地藏 Yanming Ti-tsang, who controls length of days and who is approached, as also may be P'u-hsien, for that Purpose; his two assistants are the Supervisors of good and evil 掌善 and 掌惡. Under another form, as 勝軍地藏 Ti-tsang is chiefly associated with the esoteric cult. The benefits derived from his worship are many, some say ten, others say twenty-eight. His vows are contained in the 地藏菩薩本願經. There is also the 大乘大集地藏十電經 tr. by Xuanzang in 10 juan in the seventh century, which probably influenced the spread of the Ti-tsang cult. |
坊主 see styles |
fáng zhǔ fang2 zhu3 fang chu bouzu / bozu ぼうず |
(1) Buddhist priest; bonze; (2) close-cropped hair; crew cut; person with a shorn head; (3) (familiar language) (derogatory term) boy; sonny; lad; (4) not catching anything (in fishing); (place-name) Bouzu monk in charge of the monk's quarters |
女犯 see styles |
nǚ fàn nu:3 fan4 nü fan nyobon にょぼん |
female offender in imperial China (old) sin of having sexual relations with a woman (for a Buddhist priest) The woman offence, i.e. sexual immorality on the part of a monk. |
家出 see styles |
iede いえで |
(n,vs,vi) (1) running away from home; elopement; (n,vs,vi) (2) (archaism) outing; going out; (n,vs,vi) (3) (archaism) becoming a Buddhist monk; entering the priesthood; (surname) Iede |
尊者 see styles |
zūn zhě zun1 zhe3 tsun che sonja そんじゃ |
honored sir (a person of higher status or seniority, or a Buddhist monk) Buddhist saint; man of high repute; guest of honor; guest of honour ārya, honourable one, a sage, a saint, an arhat. |
小乘 see styles |
xiǎo shèng xiao3 sheng4 hsiao sheng shōjō |
Hinayana, the Lesser Vehicle; Buddhism in India before the Mayahana sutras; also pr. [Xiao3 cheng2] Hīnayāna 希那衍. The small, or inferior wain, or vehicle; the form of Buddhism which developed after Śākyamuni's death to about the beginning of the Christian era, when Mahāyāna doctrines were introduced. It is the orthodox school and more in direct line with the Buddhist succession than Mahāyānism which developed on lines fundamentally different. The Buddha was a spiritual doctor, less interested in philosophy than in the remedy for human misery and perpetual transmigration. He "turned aside from idle metaphysical speculations; if he held views on such topics, he deemed them valueless for the purposes of salvation, which was his goal" (Keith). Metaphysical speculations arose after his death, and naturally developed into a variety of Hīnayāna schools before and after the separation of a distinct school of Mahāyāna. Hīnayāna remains the form in Ceylon, Burma, and Siam, hence is known as Southern Buddhism in contrast with Northern Buddhism or Mahāyāna, the form chiefly prevalent from Nepal to Japan. Another rough division is that of Pali and Sanskrit, Pali being the general literary language of the surviving form of Hīnayāna, Sanskrit of Mahāyāna. The term Hīnayāna is of Mahāyānist origination to emphasize the universalism and altruism of Mahāyāna over the narrower personal salvation of its rival. According to Mahāyāna teaching its own aim is universal Buddhahood, which means the utmost development of wisdom and the perfect transformation of all the living in the future state; it declares that Hīnayāna, aiming at arhatship and pratyekabuddhahood, seeks the destruction of body and mind and extinction in nirvāṇa. For arhatship the 四諦Four Noble Truths are the foundation teaching, for pratyekabuddhahood the 十二因緣 twelve-nidānas, and these two are therefore sometimes styled the two vehicles 二乘. Tiantai sometimes calls them the (Hīnayāna) Tripiṭaka school. Three of the eighteen Hīnayāna schools were transported to China: 倶舍 (Abhidharma) Kośa; 成實 Satya-siddhi; and the school of Harivarman, the律 Vinaya school. These are described by Mahāyānists as the Buddha's adaptable way of meeting the questions and capacity of his hearers, though his own mind is spoken of as always being in the absolute Mahāyāna all-embracing realm. Such is the Mahāyāna view of Hīnayāna, and if the Vaipulya sūtras and special scriptures of their school, which are repudiated by Hīnayāna, are apocryphal, of which there seems no doubt, then Mahāyāna in condemning Hīnayāna must find other support for its claim to orthodoxy. The sūtras on which it chiefly relies, as regards the Buddha, have no authenticity; while those of Hīnayāna cannot be accepted as his veritable teaching in the absence of fundamental research. Hīnayāna is said to have first been divided into minority and majority sections immediately after the death of Śākyamuni, when the sthāvira, or older disciples, remained in what is spoken of as "the cave", some place at Rājagṛha, to settle the future of the order, and the general body of disciples remained outside; these two are the first 上坐部 and 大衆部 q. v. The first doctrinal division is reported to have taken place under the leadership of the monk 大天 Mahādeva (q.v.) a hundred years after the Buddha's nirvāṇa and during the reign of Aśoka; his reign, however, has been placed later than this by historians. Mahādeva's sect became the Mahāsāṅghikā, the other the Sthāvira. In time the two are said to have divided into eighteen, which with the two originals are the so-called "twenty sects" of Hīnayāna. Another division of four sects, referred to by Yijing, is that of the 大衆部 (Arya) Mahāsaṅghanikāya, 上座部 Āryasthavirāḥ, 根本說一切有部 Mūlasarvāstivādaḥ, and 正量部 Saṃmatīyāḥ. There is still another division of five sects, 五部律. For the eighteen Hīnayāna sects see 小乘十八部. |
小僧 see styles |
kozou / kozo こぞう |
(1) youngster; boy; kid; brat; (2) young Buddhist monk; young bonze; (3) young shop-boy; errand boy; apprentice; (place-name) Kozou |
山伏 see styles |
shān fú shan1 fu2 shan fu yanbushi やんぶし |
(1) itinerant Buddhist monk; (2) practitioner of Shugendo; (personal name) Yanbushi yamabushi |
山臥 see styles |
shān wò shan1 wo4 shan wo yamabushi やまぶし |
(1) itinerant Buddhist monk; (2) practitioner of Shugendo yamabushi |
巻数 see styles |
kansuu; kanju; kanzu / kansu; kanju; kanzu かんすう; かんじゅ; かんず |
(1) volume number; reel number; scroll number; (2) number of volumes; number of reels; number of scrolls; number of turns (of a coil); number of windings (of a transformer, electromagnet, etc.); (3) (かんじゅ, かんず only) a set number of scrolls to be read by a Buddhist monk |
廣遊 广游 see styles |
guǎng yóu guang3 you2 kuang yu |
to travel widely (esp. as Daoist priest or Buddhist monk) |
弘法 see styles |
hóng fǎ hong2 fa3 hung fa guhou / guho ぐほう |
to propagate Buddhist teachings (n,vs,vi) spreading Buddhist teachings; (surname, given name) Kōbou Hung-fa, noted monk. |
慧琳 see styles |
huì lín hui4 lin2 hui lin erin えりん |
(female given name) Erin Huilin, a disciple of the Indian monk Amogha 不空; he made the 慧琳音義 dictionary of sounds and meanings of Buddhist words and phrases, based upon the works of 玄應 Xuanying, 慧苑 Huiyuan, 窺基 Kueji, and 雲公 Yungong, in 100 juan, beginning the work in A. D. 788 and ending it in 810. He is also called 大藏音義; died 820. |
戒刀 see styles |
jiè dāo jie4 dao1 chieh tao |
Buddhist monk's knife (not used for killing) |
戒牒 see styles |
jiè dié jie4 die2 chieh tieh kaichō |
Buddhist or Taoist ordination certificate issued by monastic authorities A monk' s certificate, useful to a wandering or travelling monk.; 戒驗; 度牒 Certificate of ordination of a monk. |
房主 see styles |
fáng zhǔ fang2 zhu3 fang chu bōshu ぼうず |
landlord; house owner (out-dated kanji) (1) Buddhist priest; bonze; (2) close-cropped hair; crew cut; person with a shorn head; (3) (familiar language) (derogatory term) boy; sonny; lad; (4) not catching anything (in fishing) monk in charge of the monk's quarters |
拜懺 拜忏 see styles |
bài chàn bai4 chan4 pai ch`an pai chan |
to hold a daytime Buddhist mass; (of a monk or nun) to read scripture to atone for sb's sins |
明惠 see styles |
míng huì ming2 hui4 ming hui myoue / myoe みょうえ |
(person) Myōe (1173-1232) (Buddhist monk); (female given name) Myōe Myōe |
本尊 see styles |
běn zūn ben3 zun1 pen tsun honzon ほんぞん |
(Buddhism) yidam (one's chosen meditational deity); the principal object of worship on a Buddhist altar; (of a monk who has the ability to appear in multiple places at the same time) the honored one himself (contrasted with his alternate forms, 分身[fen1 shen1]); (fig.) (jocular) the genuine article; the real McCoy; the man himself; the woman herself; the original manifestation of something (not a spin-off or a clone) (1) principal object of worship (at a Buddhist temple); principal image; (2) idol; icon; object of adoration; (3) (joc) (usu. as ご〜) the man himself; the person at the heart of the matter ? satyadevatā, 裟也地提嚩多. The original honoured one; the most honoured of all Buddhas; also the chief object of worship in a group; the specific Buddha, etc., being served. |
杯度 see styles |
bēi dù bei1 du4 pei tu Haido |
Beidu, a fifth-century Buddhist monk said to be able to cross a river in a cup or bowl, hence his name. |
比丘 see styles |
bǐ qiū bi3 qiu1 pi ch`iu pi chiu biku びく |
Buddhist monk (loanword from Sanskrit "bhiksu") bhikkhu (fully ordained Buddhist monk) (san: bhiksu) 比呼; 苾芻; 煏芻 bhikṣu, a religious mendicant, an almsman, one who has left home, been fully ordained, and depends on alms for a living. Some are styled 乞士 mendicant scholars, all are 釋種 Śākya-seed, offspring of Buddha. The Chinese characters are clearly used as a phonetic equivalent, but many attempts have been made to give meanings to the two words, e. g. 比 as 破 and 丘 as 煩惱, hence one who destroys the passions and delusions, also 悕能 able to overawe Māra and his minions; also 除饉 to get rid of dearth, moral and spiritual. Two kinds 内乞 and 外乞; both indicate self-control, the first by internal mental or spiritual methods, the second by externals such as strict diet. 苾芻 is a fragrant plant, emblem of the monastic life. |
沙彌 沙弥 see styles |
shā mí sha1 mi2 sha mi shami |
novice Buddhist monk śrāmaṇera, 室羅摩拏洛迦; 室末那伊洛迦; 室羅摩尼羅 The male religious novice, who has taken vows to obey the ten commandments. The term is explained by 息惡行慈 one who ceases from evil and does works of mercy, or lives altruistically; 勤策男 a zealous man; 求寂 one who seeks rest; 求涅槃寂 one who seeks the peace of nirvāṇa. Three kinds are recognized according to age, i. e. 7 to 13 years old, old enough to 驅鳥 'drive away crows'; 14 to 19, called 應法 able to respond to or follow the doctrine; 20 to 70. |
沙門 沙门 see styles |
shā mén sha1 men2 sha men shamon; samon しゃもん; さもん |
monk (Sanskrit: Sramana, originally refers to north India); Buddhist monk {Buddh} shramana (wandering monk); (surname) Shamon śramaṇa. 桑門; 娑門; 喪門; 沙門那; 舍羅磨拏; 沙迦懣曩; 室摩那拏 (1) Ascetics of all kinds; 'the Sarmanai, or Samanaioi, or Germanai of the Greeks, perhaps identical also with the Tungusian Saman or Shaman.' Eitel. (2) Buddhist monks 'who 'have left their families and quitted the passions', the Semnoi of the Greeks'. Eitel. Explained by 功勞 toilful achievement, 勤息 diligent quieting (of the mind and the passions), 淨志 purity of mind, 貧道 poverty. 'He must keep well the Truth, guard well every uprising (of desire), be uncontaminated by outward attractions, be merciful to all and impure to none, be not elated to joy nor harrowed by distress, and able to bear whatever may come.' The Sanskrit root is śram, to make effort; exert oneself, do austerities. |
法印 see styles |
fǎ yìn fa3 yin4 fa yin houin / hoin ほういん |
(1) {Buddh} highest rank among priests; (2) {Buddh} mountain ascetic monk; (3) {Buddh} signs that distinguish Buddhist teachings from other faiths; (4) title given to a great physician or painter; (personal name) Houin The seal of Buddha-truth, expressing its reality and immutability, also its universality and its authentic transmission from one Buddha or patriarch to another. |
法名 see styles |
fǎ míng fa3 ming2 fa ming houmyou / homyo ほうみょう |
name in religion (of Buddhist or Daoist within monastery); same as 法號|法号[fa3 hao4] (1) {Buddh} Buddhist name; priest's name (on entering the priesthood); (2) {Buddh} posthumous Buddhist name; (surname) Houmyou A monk's name, given to him on ordination, a term chiefly used by the 眞 Shin sect, 戒名 being the usual term. |
法寶 法宝 see styles |
fǎ bǎo fa3 bao3 fa pao houbou / hobo ほうぼう |
Buddha's teaching; Buddhist monk's apparel, staff etc; (Daoism) magic weapon; talisman; fig. specially effective device; magic wand (personal name) Houbou Dharmaratna. (1) Dharma-treasure, i. e. the Law or Buddha-truth, the second personification in the triratna 三寶. (2) The personal articles of a monk or nun— robe, almsbowl, etc. |
法海 see styles |
fǎ hǎi fa3 hai3 fa hai norimi のりみ |
Fahai, name of the evil Buddhist monk in Tale of the White Snake 白蛇傳|白蛇传[Bai2 she2 Zhuan4] (given name) Norimi dharma-sea |
法臘 法腊 see styles |
fǎ là fa3 la4 fa la hōrō |
The end of the monk's year after the summer retreat; a Buddhist year; the number of 夏 or 戒臘 summer or discipline years indicating the years since a monk's ordination. |
法號 法号 see styles |
fǎ hào fa3 hao4 fa hao hōgō |
name in religion (of Buddhist or Daoist within monastery) The name received by a monk on ordination, i. e. his 戒名; also his posthumous title. |
浮図 see styles |
ukizu うきず |
(1) Buddha; (2) stupa; (3) Buddhist temple; (4) Buddhist monk; (surname) Ukizu |
浮屠 see styles |
fú tú fu2 tu2 fu t`u fu tu futo ふと |
Buddha; Buddhist stupa (transliteration of Pali thupo) (1) Buddha; (2) stupa; (3) Buddhist temple; (4) Buddhist monk (Skt. buddha) |
濟公 济公 see styles |
jì gōng ji4 gong1 chi kung |
Jigong or Daoji (1130-1207), Southern Song Dynasty Buddhist monk |
玄奘 see styles |
xuán zàng xuan2 zang4 hsüan tsang genjou / genjo げんじょう |
Xuanzang (602-664), Tang dynasty Buddhist monk and translator who traveled to India 629-645 (given name) Genjō; (person) Xuanzang (602-664) Xuanzang, whose name is written variously e. g. Hsüan Chuang, Hiüen-tsang, Hiouen Tsang, Yüan Tsang, Yüen Chwang; the famous pilgrim to India, whose surname was 陳 Chen and personal name 禕 Wei; a native of Henan, A. D. 600-664 (Giles). It is said that he entered a monastery at 13 years of age and in 618 with his elder brother, who had preceded him in becoming a monk, went to Chang-an 長安, the capital, where in 622 he was fully ordained. Finding that China possessed only half of the Buddhist classics, he took his staff, bound his feet, and on foot braved the perils of the deserts and mountains of Central Asia. The date of his setting out is uncertain (629 or 627), but the year of his arrival in India is given as 633: after visiting and studying in many parts of India, he returned home, reaching the capital in 645, was received with honour and presented his collection of 657 works, 'besides many images and pictures, and one hundred and fifty relics, 'to the Court. Taizong, the emperor, gave him the 弘福寺 Hongfu monastery in which to work. He presented the manuscript of his famous 大唐西域記 Record of Western Countries in 646 and completed it as it now stands by 648. The emperor Gaozong called him to Court in 653 and gave him the 慈恩寺 Cien monastery in which to work, a monastery which ever after was associated with him; in 657 he removed him to the 玉華宮 Yuhua Gong and made that palace a monastery. He translated seventy-five works in 1335 juan. In India he received the titles of 摩訶耶那提婆 Mahāyānadeva and 木叉提婆 Mokṣadeva; he was also known as 三藏法師 Tripiṭaka teacher of Dharma. He died in 664, in his 65th year. |
神主 see styles |
kannushi かんぬし |
(1) Shinto priest; (2) chief priest (of a Shinto shrine); (3) (Buddhist monk jargon; pun on 禰宜(ねぎ) and 葱(ねぎ)) (See 葱,禰宜・1) Welsh onion; (place-name) Kannushi |
禅室 see styles |
zenshitsu ぜんしつ |
(1) (See 座禅) room for zazen meditation; room for Buddhist practices; (2) Zen monk's quarters; (3) head priest (of a Zen temple) |
禪師 禅师 see styles |
chán shī chan2 shi1 ch`an shih chan shih zenshi |
honorific title for a Buddhist monk A master, or teacher, of meditation, or of the Chan school. |
禪杖 禅杖 see styles |
chán zhàng chan2 zhang4 ch`an chang chan chang zenjō |
the staff of a Buddhist monk A staff or pole for touching those who fall asleep while assembled in meditation. |
禿驢 秃驴 see styles |
tū lǘ tu1 lu:2 t`u lü tu lü |
(derog.) Buddhist monk |
苾芻 苾刍 see styles |
bì chú bi4 chu2 pi ch`u pi chu hisshu |
煏芻; 比丘 q. v. bhikṣu, a beggar, religious mendicant; a Buddhist monk. |
薹衣 see styles |
tái yī tai2 yi1 t`ai i tai i tai ōji |
monk's clothes; clothes of a Buddhist monk |
衆徒 众徒 see styles |
zhòng tú zhong4 tu2 chung t`u chung tu shuto しゅと |
(1) {Buddh} many priests; (2) (Heian era) monk-soldiers; (surname) Shuuto The whole body of followers; also the monks, all the monks. |
袈裟 see styles |
jiā shā jia1 sha1 chia sha kesa けさ |
kasaya (robe of a Buddhist monk or nun) (loanword from Sanskrit) (1) {Buddh} kasaya; monk's stole; (2) (abbreviation) (See 袈裟懸け・1) wearing an article of clothing in the same manner as a kasaya (i.e. draped over one shoulder); (female given name) Kesa kaṣāya, the monk's robe, or cassock. The word is intp. as decayed, impure (in colour), dyed, not of primary colour, so as to distinguish it from the normal white dress of the people. The patch-robe, v. 二十五條. A dyed robe 'of a colour composed of red and yellow' (M. W. ); it has a number of poetic names, e. g. robe of patience, or endurance. Also 迦沙曳 (迦邏沙曳). |
貧道 贫道 see styles |
pín dào pin2 dao4 p`in tao pin tao hindou / hindo ひんどう |
poor Taoist (1) {Buddh} imperfect (Buddhist) training; imperfection in one's (Buddhist) training; incomplete training; poor training; (pronoun) (2) (humble language) (used by Buddhist monks) I; me The way of poverty, that of the monk and nun; also, a poor religion, i.e. without the Buddha-truth. |
賊禿 贼秃 see styles |
zéi tū zei2 tu1 tsei t`u tsei tu |
(derog.) Buddhist monk |
辯機 辩机 see styles |
biàn jī bian4 ji1 pien chi |
Bianji (c. 620-648), Tang dynasty buddhist monk and disciple of 玄奘[Xuan2 zang4], author and translator of Great Tang Records on the Western Regions 大唐西域記|大唐西域记[Da4 Tang2 Xi1 yu4 Ji4] |
迦葉 迦叶 see styles |
jiā shě jia1 she3 chia she kashou / kasho かしょう |
(person) Kasyapa (Hindu sage); Kashou (迦葉波) kāśyapa, 迦攝 (迦攝波) inter alia 'a class of divine beings similar to or equal to prajāpati'; the father 'of gods, demons, men, fish, reptiles, and all animals'; also 'a constellation'. M.W. It is intp. as 'drinking light', i.e. swallowing sun and moon, but without apparent justification. (1) One of the seven or ten ancient Indian sages. (2) Name of a tribe or race. (3) Kāśyapa Buddha, the third of the five buddhas of the present kalpa, the sixth of the seven ancient buddhas. (4) Mahākāśyapa, a brahman of Magadha, who became one of the principal disciples of Śākyamuni, and after his death became leader of the disciples, 'convoked and directed the first synod, whence his title Ārya Sthavira (上坐, lit. chairman) is derived.' Eitel. He is accounted the chief of the ascetics before the enlightenment; the first compiler of the canon and the first patriarch. (5) There were five Kāśyapas, disciples of the Buddha, Mahā-Kāśyapa, Uruvilā-Kāśyapa, Gayā-Kāśyapa, Nadī-Kāśyapa, and Daśabala-Kāśyapa; the second, third, and fourth are said to have been brothers. (6) A bodhisattva, whose name heads a chapter in the Nirvana Sutra. (7) 迦葉摩騰 Kāśyapa-Mātaṅga, the monk who with Gobharana, or Dharmarakṣa, i.e. Zhu Falan 竺法蘭, according to Buddhist statements, brought images and scriptures to China with the commissioners sent by Mingdi, arriving in Luoyang A.D. 67. |
釋家 释家 see styles |
shì jiā shi4 jia1 shih chia shakuke |
The Śākya family, i.e. the expounders of Buddhist sūtras and scriptures. |
釋氏 释氏 see styles |
shì shì shi4 shi4 shih shih kikuchi きくち |
(surname) Kikuchi The Śākya clan, or family name; Śākyamuni. |
金缽 金钵 see styles |
jīn bō jin1 bo1 chin po |
(gold) alms bowl (of a Buddhist monk) |
鑒真 鉴真 see styles |
jiàn zhēn jian4 zhen1 chien chen |
Jianzhen or Ganjin (688-763), Tang dynastic Buddhist monk, who crossed to Japan after several unsuccessful attempts, influential in Japanese Buddhism |
長老 长老 see styles |
zhǎng lǎo zhang3 lao3 chang lao chourou / choro ちょうろう |
elder; term of respect for a Buddhist monk (noun - becomes adjective with の) (1) elder; senior; (2) {Buddh} senior monk; (3) dean; presbyter; patriarch; (surname) Nagao Senior, venerable, title for aged and virtuous monks; also an abbot. |
開元 开元 see styles |
kāi yuán kai1 yuan2 k`ai yüan kai yüan kaimoto かいもと |
Tang emperor Xuanzong's 唐玄宗[Tang2 Xuan2 zong1] reign name used during the Kaiyuan era (713-741), a peak of Tang prosperity (surname) Kaimoto The Kaiyuan period of the Tang emperor Xuanzong, A.D. 713-741; during which the monk 智昇 Zhisheng in 730 issued his 'complete list of all the translations of Buddhist books into the Chinese language from the year A.D. 67 up to the date of publication, embracing the labours of 176 individuals, the whole amounting to 2,278 separate works, many of which, however, were at that time already lost.' Wylie. Its title was開元釋教錄. He also issued the 開元釋教錄略出, an abbreviated version. |
闍梨 阇梨 see styles |
shé lí she2 li2 she li jari |
Buddhist monk (Sanskrit: jala) 闍黎 ācārya, cf. 阿, a teacher, instructor, exemplar. |
難提 难提 see styles |
nán tí nan2 ti2 nan t`i nan ti Nandei |
Nandi, "the happy one," name of Viṣṇu, Śiva, and of a Buddhist monk; also said to be a term for stūpa. |
供奉僧 see styles |
gubusou / gubuso ぐぶそう |
(1) monk who attends to the principal image of a temple; (2) Buddhist monk serving at an attached Shinto shrine |
出家人 see styles |
chū jiā rén chu1 jia1 ren2 ch`u chia jen chu chia jen |
monk; nun (Buddhist or Daoist) One who has left home and become a monk or nun. Two kinds are named: (1) 身出家 one who physically leaves home, and (2) 心出家 one who does so in spirit and conduct. A further division of four is: (1 ) one who physically leaves home, but in spirit remains with wife and family; (2) one who physically remains at home but whose spirit goes forth; (3) one who leaves home, body and spirit; and (4) one who, body and mind, refuses to leave home. |
坊さん see styles |
bousan / bosan ぼうさん |
(1) (familiar language) (honorific or respectful language) (See お坊さん・1) Buddhist priest; monk; (2) (familiar language) boy |
山ぶし see styles |
yamabushi やまぶし |
(1) itinerant Buddhist monk; (2) practitioner of Shugendo |
帶妻僧 带妻僧 see styles |
dài qī sēng dai4 qi1 seng1 tai ch`i seng tai chi seng taisai sō |
married Buddhist monk |
暗穴道 see styles |
anketsudou / anketsudo あんけつどう |
(obscure) road taken by a Chinese ajari buddhist monk when he incurred the wrath of emperor Genso (685-762) |
曼陀羅 曼陀罗 see styles |
màn tuó luó man4 tuo2 luo2 man t`o lo man to lo mandara まんだら |
(botany) devil's trumpet (Datura stramonium) (loanword from Sanskrit "māndāra"); mandala (loanword from Sanskrit "maṇḍala") mandala; Buddhist visual schema of the enlightened mind; (f,p) Mandara or 曼阤羅; 漫陀羅 mandāra(va), the coral-tree; the erythrina indica, or this tree regarded as one of the five trees of Paradise, i.e, Indra's heaven; a white variety of Calotropis gigantea. Name of a noted monk, and of one called Mandra. |
李叔同 see styles |
lǐ shū tóng li3 shu1 tong2 li shu t`ung li shu tung |
Liu Shutong (1880-1942), painter, Buddhist monk and distinguished figure in New Culture Movement 新文化運動|新文化运动[Xin1 Wen2 hua4 Yun4 dong4] after the Xinhai Revolution 辛亥革命[Xin1 hai4 Ge2 ming4] of 1911 |
比丘尼 see styles |
bǐ qiū ní bi3 qiu1 ni2 pi ch`iu ni pi chiu ni bikuni びくに |
Buddhist nun (loanword from Sanskrit "bhiksuni") (1) bhikkhuni (fully ordained Buddhist nun) (san: bhiksuni); (2) (hist) travelling female entertainer dressed as a nun (Kamakura, Muromachi periods); (3) (hist) lowly prostitute dressed as a nun (Edo period); (4) (abbreviation) (hist) (See 科負い比丘尼) female servant hired to take the blame for a noblewoman's farts 苾芻尼; 尼姑 bhikṣuṇī. A nun, or almswoman. The first woman to be ordained was the Buddha's aunt Mahāprajāpatī, who had nursed him. In the fourteenth year after his enlightenment the Buddha yielded to persuasion and admitted his aunt and women to his order of religious mendicants, but said that the admission of women would shorten the period of Buddhism by 500 years. The nun, however old, must acknowledge the superiority of every monk; must never scold him or tell his faults; must never accuse him, though he may accuse her; and must in all respects obey the rules as commanded by him. She accepts all the rules for the monks with additional rules for her own order. Such is the theory rather than the practice. The title by which Mahāprajāpatī was addressed was applied to nuns, i. e. ārya, or noble, 阿姨, though some consider the Chinese term entirely native. |
生き仏 see styles |
ikibotoke いきぼとけ |
(1) living Buddha; saintly Buddhist monk; (2) (colloquialism) (See 仏・3) living person |
蘇曼殊 苏曼殊 see styles |
sū màn shū su1 man4 shu1 su man shu |
Su Manshu (1884-1918), Chinese writer, journalist, Buddhist monk, participant in the revolutionary movement |
闇穴道 see styles |
anketsudou / anketsudo あんけつどう |
(obscure) road taken by a Chinese ajari buddhist monk when he incurred the wrath of emperor Genso (685-762) |
阿目佉 see styles |
ā mù qiā a1 mu4 qia1 a mu ch`ia a mu chia Amokukya |
(阿目佉跋折羅) Amogha, or Amoghavajra, 阿牟伽 (or 阿謨伽 or 阿穆伽) intp. 不空 (不空金剛) a monk from northern India, a follower of the mystic teachings of Samantabhadra. Vajramati 金剛智 is reputed to have founded the Yogācārya or Tantric school in China about A.D. 719-720. Amogha succeeded him in its leadership in 732. From a journey through India and Ceylon, 741-6, he brought to China more than 500 sutras and śāstras; introduced a new form for transliterating Sanskrit and published 108 works. He is credited with the introduction of the Ullambana fesival of All Souls, 15th of 7th moon, v. 盂. He is the chief representative of Buddhist mysticism in China, spreading it widely through the patronage of three successive emperors, Xuanzong, Suzong, who gave him the title of 大廣智三藏 q.v., and Daizong, who gave him the posthumous rank and title of a Minister of State. He died 774. |
阿闍梨 阿阇梨 see styles |
ā shé lí a1 she2 li2 a she li ajari; azari あじゃり; あざり |
Buddhist teacher (Sanskrit transliteration); also written 阿闍黎|阿阇黎[a1 she2 li2] (1) (honorific or respectful language) {Buddh} (abbr. of 阿闍梨耶, from the Sanskrit "ācārya") high monk (esp. one of correct conduct who acts as a role model for his pupils); high priest; (2) {Buddh} (See 伝法灌頂) initiate (esp. as a formal rank in Tendai and Shingon); (3) {Buddh} monk who conducts religious services ācārya, ācārin, v. 阿遮. |
お坊さん see styles |
obousan / obosan おぼうさん |
(1) (familiar language) (honorific or respectful language) Buddhist priest; monk; (2) (familiar language) (honorific or respectful language) son (of others) |
ひっしゅ see styles |
hisshu ひっしゅ |
(Buddhist term) (obscure) bhikkhu (fully ordained Buddhist monk) |
ひっすう see styles |
hissuu / hissu ひっすう |
(Buddhist term) (obscure) bhikkhu (fully ordained Buddhist monk) |
乞食坊主 see styles |
kojikibouzu; kotsujikibouzu / kojikibozu; kotsujikibozu こじきぼうず; こつじきぼうず |
(derogatory term) Buddhist monk |
唐招提寺 see styles |
táng zhāo tí sì tang2 zhao1 ti2 si4 t`ang chao t`i ssu tang chao ti ssu toushoudaiji / toshodaiji とうしょうだいじ |
Toushoudaiji, the temple in Nara, Japan founded by Tang dynastic Buddhist monk Jianzhen or Ganjin 鑒真和尚|鉴真和尚 and his last resting place (personal name) Toushoudaiji Tōshōdaiji |
御坊さん see styles |
obousan / obosan おぼうさん |
(1) (familiar language) (honorific or respectful language) Buddhist priest; monk; (2) (familiar language) (honorific or respectful language) son (of others) |
Entries with 2nd row of characters: The 2nd row is Simplified Chinese.
This page contains 100 results for "buddhist monk" in Chinese and/or Japanese.Information about this dictionary:
Apparently, we were the first ones who were crazy enough to think that western people might want a combined Chinese, Japanese, and Buddhist dictionary.
A lot of westerners can't tell the difference between Chinese and Japanese - and there is a reason for that. Chinese characters and even whole words were borrowed by Japan from the Chinese language in the 5th century. Much of the time, if a word or character is used in both languages, it will have the same or a similar meaning. However, this is not always true. Language evolves, and meanings independently change in each language.
Example: The Chinese character 湯 for soup (hot water) has come to mean bath (hot water) in Japanese. They have the same root meaning of "hot water", but a 湯屋 sign on a bathhouse in Japan would lead a Chinese person to think it was a "soup house" or a place to get a bowl of soup. See this: Japanese Bath House
This dictionary uses the EDICT and CC-CEDICT dictionary files.
EDICT data is the property of the Electronic Dictionary Research and Development Group, and is used in conformance with the Group's
license.
Chinese Buddhist terms come from Dictionary of Chinese Buddhist Terms by William Edward Soothill and Lewis Hodous. This is commonly referred to as "Soothill's'". It was first published in 1937 (and is now off copyright so we can use it here). Some of these definitions may be misleading, incomplete, or dated, but 95% of it is good information. Every professor who teaches Buddhism or Eastern Religion has a copy of this on their bookshelf. We incorporated these 16,850 entries into our dictionary database ourselves (it was lot of work).
Combined, these cover 1,007,753 Japanese, Chinese, and Buddhist characters, words, idioms, names, placenames, and short phrases.
Just because a word appears here does not mean it is appropriate for a tattoo, your business name, etc. Please consult a professional before doing anything stupid with this data.
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No warranty as to the correctness, potential vulgarity, or clarity is expressed or implied. We did not write any of these definitions (though we occasionally act as a contributor/editor to the CC-CEDICT project). You are using this dictionary for free, and you get what you pay for.
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